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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Experiment that helped Rutherford & others discover the nucleus of the atom and that atom is mostly empty space.
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Gold foil experiment
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Experiment that J. J. Thomson used to discover electrons
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Cathode ray tube experiment
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Experiment that Millikan used to discover how much charge is on an electron
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Oil drop experiment
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An atom is electrically....
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neutral
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A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and...
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electrons
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John Dalton reasoned that all matter is made of indivisible particles called...
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atoms
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Dalton reasoned that atoms combine only in _____ number ratios.
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whole
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Dalton reasoned that atoms can be neither created nor....
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destroyed
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Dalton reasoned that all atoms of an element are...
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identical
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Particles discovered much later that have no charge but a mass of 1 unit are...
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neutrons
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particles found in the nucleus are called ...
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protons and neutrons
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protons and neutrons, when added together, make up the _____ of an atom
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mass number
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The number of protons in an atom is called the ....
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Atomic number
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The identity of an element is determined by the number of _____ in the element
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protons
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Particles in the nucleus can be collectively called....
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nucleons
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In Thomson's CRT experiments, he found that no matter what metal he used or gas he used that....
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he got the same result. He deduced that electrons are found in all elements.
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If electrons are taken away from an atom, then the atom becomes a _____ charge
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positive
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Electrons have a ____ charge
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negative
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If electrons are added to an atom, then the atom becomes a _____ charge
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negative
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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called...
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isotopes
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The mass number seen in a square of the periodic table is an _______ of the masses of the isotopes of that element.
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average
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U-238 has ____ protons and ______ neutrons
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92 protons; 146 neutrons
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U-235 has ____ protons and _____ neutrons
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92 protons; 143 neutrons
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How did Thomson know that the beam in the CRT was a negatively charged particle beam
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It could be bent with a magnetic field and electrically charged plates
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When a negative particle gets near another negative particle, then they.....
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repel
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Thomson's discoveries led to the formation of the _______ model of the atom, with electrons stuck all over a blob of positive
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plum pudding
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Rutherford's model of the atom shows electrons orbiting the nucleus, which is why some people call it the ___ model
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planetary atomic model
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Bohr did _____ experiments to help develop his model of the atom
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spectroscopy
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A short fall of electrons in orbit around a nucleus is likely to give off which light in which end of the visible light spectrum?
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red
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A high fall of electrons in orbit around a nucleus is likely to give off light in which end of the visible light spectrum?
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violet
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Red light is associated with ____ energy, ____ frequency, and ____ wavelengths.
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Low, low, long
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Blue/violet light is associted with ____ energy, ____ frequency, and ____ wavelengths.
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high, high, short
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Heisenberg stated in his Uncertainty Theory that it is impossible to know both the ______ and _____ of an electron.
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location and speed
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When electrons fall they give off ____, whose wavelength is determined by how far they fell
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light
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Pauli said, in his Exclusion Principle, that no two electrons can....
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occupy the exact same space. So, when 2 electrons are in an orbital, one goes clockwise and the other spins counter clockwise.
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