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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acid |
A solution containing a high concentration of Hydrogen ions (H+). It has a low pH number. |
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activation energy |
The energy required to break existing chemical bonds between atoms to allow new chemical bonds to form between the atoms, |
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atom |
The smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element. |
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atomic mass numbers |
The number of protons and neutrons of an atom. |
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atomic number |
The number of protons and neutrons of an atom. |
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base |
A solution containing a low concentration of Hydrogen ions (H+). It has a high pH number. |
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chemical compound |
Substances form from chemical bonds between two or more elements in definite ratio |
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chemical formula |
A representation of a substance using element symbols and numbers for is constituent substances. |
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chemical reaction |
A process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another set of chemical substances. |
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covalent bond |
Bonds formed from the "sharing" of one or more electrons. |
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electron |
A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits an atom’s nucleus in electron energy levels. |
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element |
A substance composed only of atoms of the same atomic number, which cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means. |
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hydrogen bond |
A very weak and directional molecule attraction involving hydrogen atoms. |
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hydrolysis reaction |
The process where a substance is broken apart and water molecule is split. The H group is added onto one molecule and the OH group is added onto the other molecule. |
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ion |
A positively or negatively charged atom that has either gained or lost electrons. |
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ionic bond |
Bonds formed from the transfer of electrons between ions of opposite charges. |
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isotope |
An alternative form of a chemical element containing more neutrons than the normal form of that element. |
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metabolism
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The sum of all chemical processes that occur within an organism’s living cell. |
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molecule |
The smallest particle in a chemical element or compound that has the chemical properties of that element or compound. |
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nucleus |
An atom’s central core containing positively charge protons and neutrally charged neutrons. |
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neutron |
A neutrally charged subatomic particle that resides in an atom’s nucleus. |
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neutral
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A solution containing equal concentrations of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ion (OH-). It has a pH of "7". |
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nonpolar molecule |
A molecule where equal sharing of the electrons between the atoms create molecules without any charged ends. |
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oxidation |
The removal of electrons from molecules. |
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pH
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A measure of the relative concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. |
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polar molecule
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A molecule where unequal sharing of electrons between the atoms create molecules with a positively charged end and a negatively charged end. |
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products
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Substance or substances that exist on the right side of a chemical equation that are created from the breaking down of the reactants. |
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proton
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A positively charged subatomic particle that resides in an atom’s nucleus. |
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reactants |
Substance or substances that exist on the left side of a chemical equation that is broken down to create new products. |
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reduction |
The addition of electrons to a molecule. |
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solute |
The molecule in solution that is being dissolved by the solvent. |
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solution |
A homogeneous mixture of the molecules of two or more substances. |
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solvent |
The medium in which one or more solutes is dissolved. |
