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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Greeks (450 BC) |
-Matter is made of tiny, indivisible particles -Each particle has the properties of the whole |
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Dalton's Atomic Theory |
- Matters are made up of small particles called atoms - Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided Different elements are different masses and sizes - Compounds create when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions. |
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Thomson's "Raisin Bun" Model |
- Experiments with Crookes’ tubes led to discoveries of electrons - Atom is made up of a positive charge in which are embedded negatively charged electrons• - - - Atom is neutral |
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Rutherford and the Nucleus |
- Dense positively charged nucleus is in the center, electrons orbit around the nucleus held by electrostatic forces - Atoms are usually neutral - Atoms is mainly empty space because nucleus is small |
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Bohr & Energy Levels |
Same as the Rutherford model except: 1. Electrons are only found in certain orbits 2. Atoms radiate energy only when an electron jumps from a higher to a lower orbit |
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Modern Atomic Theory |
Same as the Bohr modelexcept: 1. There are no fixed orbits 2. The position of electrons is determined by probability 3. The nucleus is made up of neutrons and protons |
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Groups |
Columns (There are 18) |
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Periods |
Rows (There are 7) |
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Valence electrons |
Electrons in the last shell |
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Metals charecteristics |
Conduct heat, malleable, lustrous |
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Non-metals |
Anything element other than metals |
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Metalloids |
Mix of metal + Non metal properties |
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Noble Gases |
Don't react |
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Salts |
Positive ion and negative ion |
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Acids |
Contains h+ (no OH) |
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Bases |
Contains OH |
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Oxides |
Contains oxygen |
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Matter |
Substances that occupy space and have mass |
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Pure substances |
Homogeneous substances that are made up of only one type of particle |
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Elements |
Pure substances that are made up of only one type of particle |
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Compounds |
Pure substances that are made up of more than one type of atom chemically bonded to each other in a particular proportion |
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Mixture |
Can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, but includes more than one kind of pure substance. It may be separated by a physical or chemical means. |
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Homogeneous |
Composition is uniform throughout |
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Heterogeneous |
Composition is not uniform throughout |
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Solution |
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, these can include solids, liquids, and gases |
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Aqueous |
Dissolved in water |
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Alloy |
Solid mixed in solid |
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Non-aqueous |
Dissolved in something not water |
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Mechanical Mixture |
A mixture that can be separated by mechanical means (e.g. hand sorting) |
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Suspension |
A cloudy mechanical mixture in which small, solid pieces ore scattered throughout another substance |
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Colloid |
Mechanical mixture in which tiny solid pieces or droplets are too small to settle but larger than dissolved particles |
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Emulsion |
Colloid |
