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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Newton's First Law of Motion |
Stationary objects tend to stay stationary unless an external force is applied to it. |
Law of Inertia. |
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Newton's Second Law of Motion |
Change of parcel pressure is equal to all gases in an air parcel multiplied by movement of the air parcel. |
F=ma. |
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Newton's Third Law of Motion |
For every actions there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
Think collision and coalescence. |
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Buys Ballot's Law |
Wind moves air parcels from high pressure to low pressure. In Northern Hemisphere, wind at your back, low pressure is to your left. |
Winds has upstream and downstream characteristics. |
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Contour Gradient Force |
Initiates upper air winds between the surface and tropopause by increasing parcel pressure towards lower heights. |
Change in height ÷ change in distance. |
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Pressure Gradient Force |
Initiates surface winds by increasing parcel pressure towards lower pressure. |
Change in pressure ÷ change in distance. |
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Coriolis Force |
Deflects air parcels to the right in the Northern Hemisphere. |
Opposes Contour and Pressure Gradient Force, by increasing parcel pressure to higher heights/pressure. Weaker at the Equator. |
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Centripetal Force |
Increases parcel pressure inward to the center of a curved flow. |
CeP= velocity^2 ÷ radius of rotation. |
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Centrifugal Force |
Increases parcel pressure outward from the center of the curved flow. |
CeP = mass × velocity^2 ÷ radius of rotation. |
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Frictional Force |
Opposes motion and acts opposite of wind direction between surface Gradient Level or PBL. |
Has no effect above Gradient Level. |
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When an air parcel sinks from the upper atmosphere... |
Surface friction increases, wind speed decreases, wind directions backs with height. |
Think Frictional Force. |
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When an air parcel rises from the surface to the upper atmosphere... |
Friction decreases, speed increases, and wind directions veersl |
Think Frictional Force. |
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Backs |
Moves counter clockwise. |
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Veers |
Moves clockwise. |
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Conservation of Momentum relative to wind. |
Air parcels speed and direction do not change unless acted upon. Linear and Anglular Momentum. |
Law of Inertia |
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Geostrophic Winds |
Occurs when Coriolis and Gradient forces are balanced. Straight line and curved flow. |
Linear and Angular Momentum. |
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Cyclonic |
Counter clockwise motion, associated with lower heights/pressure. |
CGF and CeP = CoF and CeF |
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Anticyclonic |
Clockwise, associated with higher heights/pressure. |
CGF and Cef = CoF and CeP |
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Gradient Wind |
Occurs when atmosphere is out of balance, turmoil, curved flow. Increases velocity or mass of air parcels causing rotation. |
State of turmoil. |
