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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atmosphere |
Thin protective layer of air that surrounds Earth. |
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How does the atmosphere help us? |
Regulates temperature-like insulation. Protects against Sun's harmful rays. Protects us form meteors. |
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How did we get the atmosphere? |
Earth had a lot of gases in the atmosphere (Due to volcanoes). Earth cooled. Then, rain fell and oceans formed. Photosynthesis happened which led to oxygen. |
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Atmosphere's composition |
Gases: 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% other gases. Solids: Dust, Salt, and Pollen. Liquids: Water and others. |
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Layers of Atmosphere |
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere. |
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Troposphere |
The layer closest to Earth. Has average temperature. Contains clouds and planes. |
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Stratosphere |
The layer above the Troposphere. Contains Ozone Layer. |
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Mesosphere |
The layer above the Ozone layer. Also above the Stratosphere. |
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Thermosphere |
The largest layer of the atmosphere. Above the Mesosphere. Temperature starts to rise. |
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Exosphere |
The outermost layer of the atmosphere |
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Where does the energy come from? |
The Sun: 35% Reflect back into space, 15% Absorbed by the atmosphere, 50% Absorbed by land or water. |
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Incoming and outgoing radiation. |
BALANCED!!! |
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Greenhouse effect |
Gases in the atmosphere can't escape and heat up. |
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How is energy transferred? |
Radiation Conduction Convection |
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Radiation |
Energy transferred in forms of waves or rays. |
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Conduction |
Molecules bump into each other. |
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Convection |
Transfer of heat by flow of material. |
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Latent Heat |
Heat exchanged when water changes states. |
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Water |
Only substance on Earth in the form of liquid, solid, and gas. |
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Circulating air |
Air is constantly moving. Cool air pushes warm air out of the way. |
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Stability |
Describes whether circulating air motions is strong or weak. |
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Temperature inversions |
When temperature gets higher the higher you go. |
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Polar Easterlies |
Dense air moves away from the poles. Earth's rotation deflects the wind from east to west. |
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Westerlies |
Moves weather systems in the US. Earth's rotation deflects wind from west to east. |
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Trade Winds |
Winds on either side of the equator travel towards the poles. |
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Doldrums |
Not a wind but an area. Windless, rainy areas near equator. |
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Jet streams |
Belts of wind that move from west to east. |
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Local winds |
Consist of Land and Sea Breezes. |
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Land Breezes |
Happens at night. Air moves from Land to water. |
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Sea Breezes |
Happens during the day. Air moves from water to land. |
