Campbell Atmosphere

Front 1

STRATOSPHERE

Back 1

The region of the uppermost atmosphere where temperature increases along with the altitude due to the absorption of solar ultraviolet radiation by ozone.

Front 2

CORIOLIS EFFECT

Back 2

causes objects including air and water to move to the east in the Northern Hemisphere and to the west in the Southern Hemisphere

Front 3

ATMOSPHERE

Back 3

the layer of gases that surround the Earth

Front 4

CONVECTION

Back 4

heat transfer through the atmosphere where warm air rises and cold air sinks

Front 5

AIR PRESSURE

Back 5

the force of air molecules pushing on a surface that can change due to unequal heating of the planet

Front 6

HIGH PRESSURE

Back 6

Air molecules are lowering (more pressure on ​ground); system moves clockwise; produces clear skies

Front 7

LOW PRESSURE

Back 7

Air molecules are rising (very little pressure on ​ground); system moves counterclockwise; produces clouds/storms

Front 8

BAROMETER

Back 8

measures air pressure

Front 9

WIND

Back 9

movement of air caused by differences in air pressure

Front 10

ANEMOMETER

Back 10

measures wind speed

Front 11

PSYCHROMETER

Back 11

measures relative humidity

Front 12

JET STREAM

Back 12

narrow bands of strong winds in the upper levels of the troposphere

Front 13

LAND BREEZE

Back 13

Breeze flowing from land to the sea (night time)

Front 14

SEA BREEZE

Back 14

Breeze flowing from sea to land (day time)

Front 15

WINDWARD

Back 15

wind moves up this side of the mountain, drawing moisture out of the air. Produces a wet, moist climate

Front 16

AIR MASS

Back 16

large body of air where temperature and moisture are similar throughout

Front 17

CONTINENTAL (CLIMATE)

Back 17

dry air mass that forms over land

Front 18

MARITIME (CLIMATE)

Back 18

moist air mass that form over the ocean

Front 19

TROPICAL (CLIMATE)

Back 19

warm air mass that forms over the Tropics

Front 20

POLAR (CLIMATE)

Back 20

cold air mass that forms over the polar regions

Front 21

WARM FRONT

Back 21

forms when warm air moves over cold, denser air

Front 22

COLD FRONT

Back 22

forms when cold air moves under warm air

Front 23

STATIONARY FRONT

Back 23

a cold air mass and a warm air mass meet, and there is very little movement

Front 24

OCCLUDED FRONT

Back 24

a composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it aloft

Front 25

ISOBARS

Back 25

line drawn on a weather map or chart that connects points at which the barometric pressure is the same

Front 26

HURRICANE

Back 26

severe storm formed over tropical oceans with winders greater than 74 mph

Front 27

STORM SURGE

Back 27

Abnormal rise of water levels caused by the strong winds of a hurricane or tropical storm

Front 28

EYE OF THE HURRICANE

Back 28

area of ​warm , calm air in the center of strong tropical storms or hurricanes

Front 29

TORNADO

Back 29

can have stronger winds than a hurricane; forms when a cold, dry air mass meets with a warm, moist air mass

Front 30

LIGHTNING

Back 30

electrical discharge between a negatively and positively charged area

Front 31

GREENHOUSE EFFECT

Back 31

gases in the atmosphere that absorb thermal energy and radiate it back to Earth (ex: water vapor and carbon dioxide)

Front 32

CUMULONIMBUS (LOW BASE)

Back 32

dense, towering vertical cloud associated with thunderstorms; produced at cold front and may also contain hail

Front 33

STRATUS (LOW BASE)

Back 33

Thin, gray, sheetlike clouds with low bases; may bring drizzle or snow. If low enough, can be called fog

Front 34

ALTOCUMULUS (MID BASE)

Back 34

Gray or white layer or patches of solid clouds with rounded shapes

Front 35

STRATOCUMULUS

Back 35

Rounded cloud masses that form in a layer

Front 36

GLOBAL WINDS

Back 36

Predictable air mass movement at every 30 degrees of latitude

Front 37

NIMBOSTRATUS (LOW/MID BASE)

Back 37

Dark, gray, shapeless cloud layers containing rain, snow, or ice pellets

Front 38

CIRROCUMULUS (HIGH BASE)

Back 38

Thin clouds that appear as small cotton patches

Front 39

CIRRUS (HIGH BASE)

Back 39

Thin, featherlike, crystal clouds

Front 40

CIRROSTRATUS

Back 40

Thin white clouds that resemble veils

Front 41

ALTOSTRATUS

Back 41

Grayish or bluish layer of clouds that can obscure (hide) the Sun

Front 42

TRADE WINDS

Back 42

prevailing winds that blow from east to west from 30 degrees latitude to the equator in both hemispheres.

Front 43

WESTERLIES

Back 43

prevailing winds blowing from west to east from 30 - 60 degrees latitude in both hemispheres.

Front 44

POLAR EASTERLIES

Back 44

east blowing wind that blow from the poles (north and south poles)

Front 45

CONTINENTAL POLAR

Back 45

cold and dry

Front 46

CONTINENTAL TROPICAL

Back 46

warm and dry

Front 47

MARITIME POLAR

Back 47

cold and moist

Front 48

MARITIME TROPICAL

Back 48

warm and moist

Front 49

FRONT

Back 49

The boundary between air masses

Front 50

THERMOSPHERE

Back 50

the thermal classification of the atmosphere. In this layer temperature increases with altitude. It includes the exosphere and the ionosphere.

Front 51

TROPOSPHERE

Back 51

lowest region in earths atmosphere. It goes from sea level to about 11m high. Weather and clouds occur in this layer.

Front 52

TROPOPAUSE

Back 52

boundary zone between troposphere and stratosphere. It is characterized by little to no temperature change as altitude increases.

Front 53

EXOSPHERE

Back 53

outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere. It is about 400-800 m highThe lowest level of this layer is called the critical level of escape, where atmospheric pressure and temperature is very low.

Front 54

IONOSPHERE

Back 54

the layer is about 43-400 m high. Contains many ions and free electrons. The ions are created by the sunlight when it tears off electrons. This is the layer of the auroras (northern lights)

Front 55

MESOSPHERE

Back 55

characterized by temperature that rapidly decrease as altitude increases. It extends about 50 m above the earth's surface.

METEORS