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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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99% of Earth's atmosphere is made of these two elements
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Nitrogen and Oxygen
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Water vapor can change based on what 3 things?
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Seasons
Height of the air mass What the earth's surface is like |
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What three particles can be found in the atmosphere?
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dust
ice salt |
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What is the layer closest to the Earth's surface?
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Troposphere
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What happens to the temperature as you go higher in the troposphere?
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It decreases because you are getting further away from Earth's warm surface.
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What layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
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Stratosphere
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What happens to the temperature as you go higher in the stratosphere?
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It increases because the molecules in the ozone layer ABSORB the sun's energy.
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Which is the coldest layer of the atmosphere and why?
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The mesosphere because there is nothing in it that absorbs the sun's energy.
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What is the final layer of the atmosphere and what happens to the temperature?
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The thermosphere and the temp gets higher because it is less dense.
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what is radiation?
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Transfer of heat energy through empty space
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What is conduction?
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Transfer of heat energy through Direct Contact.
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What is convection?
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Transfer of heat energy through the rising and falling of air.
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What is the definition of temperature?
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the amount of kinetic energy in an object
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Particles have more kinetic energy when they are....
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moving faster
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Temperature increases, Pressure_______
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increases
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Density increases, pressure _________
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increases
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Temperature increases, density ________
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decreases
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What is humidity
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the amount of water vapor in the air
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What is saturation?
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the atmosphere can't hold any more water vapor
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What is relative humidity?
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the percent of water vapor in the atmosphere
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clouds form when
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warm air mass starts cooling
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warm air masses rise because:
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they are less dense
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a warm air mass will ____ and a cool air mass will _____
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rise, sink
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stable air occurs:
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when the air stops rising and sinking
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convective lifting
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air lifting because it is warm
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orographic lifting
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air lifting because it is forced over a barrier, like a mountain
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convergence
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air lifting because two air masses have collided, forcing part of the air upward
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water droplets stay in clouds because:
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the movement of the air keeps them suspended
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coalescence
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water droplets collide, get larger and eventually become so heavy they fall
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condensation nucleus
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particles and ice/water stick together to finally form a cloud
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