Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
insomnia, gabba, cns depressants (30 minutes PO bedtime) |
temazepam, diazepam, lorazepam teach: take 30 minutes before bedtime and need eight hours of sleep, do not take temazepam with alcohol, and may experience drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, withdrawals(taper) oversee nighttime ambulation, slurred speech, ataxia, uncoordinated movements(toxicity) |
|
|
short term insomnia gaba cns depressants (oral immediate or exteneded release or spray just before bedtime on empty stomach with eight hours of sleep for sleep |
zolpidem (Ambien) teach: take just before bedtime, dont take extra doses, report any vision or dizziness, avoid taking alcohol, be aware of amnesia is possible, avoid dangerous activities Dont give to suicidal or pregnant women |
|
|
muscles spasms |
centrally acting and peripherally acting muscle relaxants |
|
|
centrally acting muscle relaxants |
baclofen gaba in spinal cord oral lowest dose up to 20mg, 3 to 4 times/day with food or milk
Be aware of drowsiness which go away over time, dizziness and drowsy avoid driving, increase fiber and fluid to relieve constipation taper slowly |
|
|
peripheral acting muscle relaxants
(Cerebrovascular Accident) (Spinal Cord Injury) (Multiple Sclerosis) (Cerebral Palsy) (hyperthermia) |
dantrolene (Dantrium) Give oral for spasticity
Report Muscle weakness or prolonged diarrhea
Don't give to patients with liver disease, or women over 40, or with alcohol, calcium channel blockers |
|
|
What are the four types of drugs for seizures? |
Hydantoin, Iminostilbenes, Valproic Acid |
|
|
Hydantoins (inhibit sodium influx in brain to prevent seizures |
phenytoin (Dilantin)
Give with meals, IV give no more than 50mg/min and monitor vital signs for cardiac rythmias or hypotension (Sedation, Drowsy, Gingiva Hyperplasia Elder give no more than 20 mg/min
(10 to 20 mcg/mL) Nystagmus, ataxia, sedation, blurred/double vision) (toxic levels) |
|
|
imonstilbenes (tonic-clonic seizures, bipolar mania, trigeminal neuralgia) |
carbamazepine (Tegretol) inhibit sodium to nuerons decreasing activity PO only
Teaching CNS effects no driving, and falling Report decreased edema, sob, or low urine output, avoid sun exposure
Avoid grapefruit juice |
|
|
Valproic acid (seizures and mania) |
valproic acid (depakote), inhibit sodium and calcium influx and enhances GABA effects
Teaching GI upset common at first, report bleeding and bruising, skin rash and may have liver toxicity, hyperammonemia
Monitor for side effects of drowsiness, rash, bruising and liver toxicity and notify doctor Dilute IV 50 ml |
|
|
what drugs are for anesthesia? |
local is lidocaine
general is barbituates, benzodiazepines and opiods |
|
|
local anesthesia |
lidocaine (Xylocaine)
CNS stimulants or depressants (respiratory depression) hypotension, don't apply to broken skin, monitor vital signs and report dizziness, paresthesias, breathing difficulties. |
|
|
rapid acting general anesthesia drug |
thiopental (Pentothal) |
|
|
midazolam(Versed) |
General anesthesia/benzodiazepine Action: Enhance GABA cause sedation(sleep)
Expect amnesia and monitor their vital signs |
|
|
Fentanyl (Sublimaze) |
Narcotic agonist |
|
|
Carbidopa or Levidopa |
Converted to dopamine in brain
Avoid high protein foods
Urine and sweat may darken and orthostatic hypotension
(parkison disease)
|
|
|
pramipexol (Mirapex) or ropinirole (Requip) |
cross brain barrier as dopamine
restless leg before bedtime
Take with food avoid alcohol and report muscle weakness and lack of energy
Creatine Phosphokinase test to see if muscle damage |
|
|
selegeline (Eldepryl) |
MAO Inhibitor in brain (treat Parkinson's disease)
Take last dose by noon to prevent insomnia Report any irritation of tongue Many drugs can interact including OTC Orthostatic Hypotension Avoid tyramine foods (banana, cheese, process, aged and smoked meat, fish, eggplant, avocados, beets, soy sauce, teriyaki |
|
|
what two drugs treat Alzeimer's Disease |
Cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil (Aricept)
NMDA Receptor Antagonist (memantine) (Namenda) |
|
|
Memantine (Namenda) |
Restore normal nerve transmission in Alzheimer patients
Cause dizziness, headache, and confusion, constipation
Report OTC antacids |
|
|
donezepil(Aricept) |
Alzeimer's Disease
nausea, Insomnia, dizziness,
bradycardia, syncope
|
|
|
Interferon beta-1a (Avonex) |
Prevent damage to nerves from Multiple Sclerosis
Flu-like symptoms (side effect), Bone Marrow Supression, Liver Toxicity |
|
|
Migraine medications |
Beta blockers TCA Antiepileptics Estrogens
|
|
|
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) |
Migraines- Cause vasoconstriction and suppress release of inflammatory response occuring
Feel chest pressure and bronchio constriction and coronary vasospasms causing chest pain, vertigo and tingling sensations. |
