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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Athens The beginning |
1- Greek civilization began in 2000 BCE 2-BCE means “before common era” 3-These numbers go backwards toward 0 4-Athens was largest and most powerful city-state (city with its own government) 5-Aristocracy – State ruled by the noble class |
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Athens Becoming a Democracy |
1-Solon (594 BCE 3-Outlawed slavery based on debt 4Canceled farmers debts 5-4 classes of citizenship based on wealth 6-Assembly that made laws 7-Created Council of 400 |
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Athens Failures |
1-Still one dominant class—the aristocracy 2-Only Citizens could vote – Adult male residents (1/10th the population) 3-Denied citizenship to women, slaves and foreign residents |
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Athens Cleisthenes (508 BCE) |
1-Appealed to poor and disconnected 2-To make Athens a full democracy, he recognized the Assembly 3-Assembly—all citizens could debate and pass laws 4-Created Council of 500—proposed laws and counseled the Assembly 5-Members chosen by random 6-Cleisthenes is generally regarded as the “Founder of Democracy” |
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Athens Pericles (461 BCE) |
1-Ruled for 32 years 2-Known as the “Golden Age of Greece” 3-Athens emerges as the strongest city-state 4-Forms an alliance of 140 city-states called the Delian League. 5-Established Direct Democracy 6-Setup jury system and paid jurors 7-Citizens actively involved in government |
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Athens Democracy Comes to an End |
1-Tensions grew between Athens and Sparta 2-Peloponnesian War (431 BCE– 404 BCE) 3-Pericles died in 429 BCE 4-War weakened Greece 5-Eventually defeated by Philip II in 338 BCE and later ruled by his son, Alexander the Great. 6-Greece was now ruled by a monarchy. |
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Greek Philosophers |
1-Used logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society and morality 2-Trying to seek truth 3-Philosopher meant lovers of wisdom 4-Aristotle = “Politics” 5-Plato = “The Republic” |
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Rome In the Beginning |
1-Fought against the Greeks 2-Became familiar with democracy 3-509 BCE - Aristocrats overthrew king, established a republic 4-Over time, the lower class forced upper class to give them more power 5-Citizenship with voting rights was for free-born males |
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Rome Republican Government Separate Branches |
1-*Consuls— commanded army & directed the government 2-1 year terms*Legislative—Senate and 2 Assemblies 3-Senate—Foreign and Financial policies 4-The two assemblies—included other classes of citizens |
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Rome Roman Law |
1-Based on principles of reason and justice to protect citizens 1-Equal treatment under law 2-Innocent until proven guilty 3-Burden of proof on the accuser 4-Bad laws set aside |
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Rome Roman Law |
1-“government of laws, not of men 2-”Twelve Tables - 451 BCE 3-All citizens had protection 4-Code of Justinian The Code – 5,000 Roman Laws 5-The Digest – legal opinions 6-The Institutes – text for law students 7-The Novellae - laws passed after 534 A.D. 8-*Guides on legal matters throughout Western Europe |
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Legacies |
1-Greece 2-First Democracy in the world 3-Reason and Intelligence used to explain things, not superstition 4-Philosophers 5-Rome 6-First Republic in the world 7-The Senate – Legislative body made up of the people. 8-First to have written lawsEquality under the law |
