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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mercury
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-no moons
- terrestrial planet - rocky - not much atmosphere - inner planet |
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Venus
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- no moons
- solid metal core - sulfiric atmosphere - retrograde - inner planet |
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Earth
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- one moon
- terrestrial planet - 70% water - oxygen + nitrogen atmosphere |
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Mars
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- 2 moons
- terrestrial planet/inner - carbon dioxide atmoshere - iron core |
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Jupiter
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- biggest planet in solar system
- gas giant - 30 times mass of earth - carbon dioxide & other gasses |
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Saturn
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- 18 moons
- gas giant - rocky core - sulfiric atmosphere |
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Uranus
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- gas giant
- retrograde - heavy rocks & metal core - magnetoshere - methane/hydrogen clouds |
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Neptune
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- 8 moons
- found my mathematical predictions - ice and rock core - hydrogen/methane gas surface and atmosphere - gas giant |
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Big Bang Theory
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10-15 years ago, a compressed spot exploded and formed our expanding universe.
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Formation of our Solar System
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made from a nebula (gas & dust) and collapsed.
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Orbit
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Gravity and intertia keep the planets in rotation by the force of gravity pulling them in, while intertia keeps them going forward.
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
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The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and wavelength.
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Radio Waves
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- The longest type of wave
- Used for phones, radios, etc. - About the length of a football field to a human height |
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Microwaves
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- 2nd longest type of wave
- Used in microwaves and weather radar - Ranges from 300cm- .3cm |
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Infared Waves
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- 3rd longest wave
- Sometimes used to heat things, usually emits heat, also used in TV remotes - About the length of cells and bacteria |
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Visible Light
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- 4th longest wave
- The only wavelength we can see with the human eye - About the length of a virus bacterium - Used 24/7, for everything. It's what lets us see things! |
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Ultraviolet Waves
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- 3rd shortest wave length
- Some animals can see UV light - the sun emits lots of UV light which is the kind that gives sunburns. - exactly 171 angstroms. (10 -10 meters.) |
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X- Rays
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- 2nd shortest wave length, high in energy
- discovered in 1895 by Roentgen - Waves that act like particles - About the length of an atom |
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Gamma Rays
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- Smallest wave length possible
- About the size of a nuclei - Gamma explosions happen about 1/2 times a day, they emit more energy than the sun ever will |
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The Sun
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- 99.8% of the solar systems mass comes from the sun
- core's temp. = 10mil degrees - will produce energy for 5bil. more years - 1.4mil km in diameter |
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The Sun's Atmosphere
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- Photoshere -inner most layer
- Chromosphere - middle layer - Corona - outer layer, causes solar wind, can only see in eclipses |
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Sunspots
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- areas of gas on the sun that are cooler than the surrounding gases
- has a 10/11 year cycle |
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Solar Flares and Prominences
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Prominence: an explosion of hot gas usually linked to sunspot activity. About 10000degrees.
Solar Flares: a sudden explosion of high-energy radiation due to sunspots and radio interference |
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The Sun's Layers
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- Core: up to 10mil degrees kelvin, hot enough to make fusions with hydrogen and helium.
-Radiative zone: energy moves slowly through this part.The thickest layer of the sun. Convective zone: where heat is moved through convection. |
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Tides
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- The rise and fall of water
- made from force of gravity of moon and sun - Spring tides: combined gravity of sun and moon, big difference between high & low tides - Neap tides: when the sun and the moon are at a right angle, making a small dif. between hi&lo tides |
