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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spectrum
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all waves
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Wavelength
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crest to crest
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Frequency
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Hz beats per sec
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Speed of light
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300,000km/s
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Photons
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duality particle or wave, "pieces" of light
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Light
Gamma |
most powerful, shortest wave
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Light
X-ray |
1-20 nm
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Light
UV |
sunburn
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Light
Visible |
400-700 nm
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IR
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heat
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Light
Radio |
longest wave, least powerful
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Atom
Protons |
positive particles
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Atom
Neutrons |
no charge
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Atom
Electrons |
negative particles
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Atomic Number
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number of protons
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Isotopes
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same protons, different neutrons
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Molecules
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several atoms
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Types of Spectrum
Thermal/Emission |
just certain colors, hot gas
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Types of Spectrum
Absorption |
cool gas, all colors some missing
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Types of Spectrum
Continuous |
all colors, solid
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Ions
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extra electron or missing one
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Doppler effect
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motion towards or away
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Red vs. Blue
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red away, blue toward
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Angular resolution
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ability to see details
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Refracting vs. reflection
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know diagrams
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Adaptive optics
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helps with seeing, reduces the effect of wavefront distortions
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Inferometer
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using several telescopes
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Terrestrial's VS Jovians
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Terrestrial-small rocky, and close to the Sun. Mercury-Mars, Higher Density
Jovian-large, gas-rich, and far from Sun. Jupiter-Pluto, Lower Density |
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Hydrogen compounds
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common on Jovians
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Asteroids
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rocks, Mars to Jupiter
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Comets
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ice, leftovers from formation
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Nebular theory
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gas forming solar system
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Accretion
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bodies hitting each other and growing
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Planetismals
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bumping into each other to form
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Radiometric dating
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method to date materials, such as rocks, by decay dates.
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Extra solar planets
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over 160 planets unknown
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Earth
Cross section |
Crust, Mantle, Core
Core is the biggest |
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Earth
Lithosphere |
brittle upper crust
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Earth
Differentiation |
earth layered, the most
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Earth
Convection |
heat transfer by currents
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Earth
Magnetic field |
generated by convection
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Earth
P vs S waves |
p-primary, fastest
s- secondary, will not move through liquid |
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Earth
Aurora |
sun's wind hits upper atmosphere
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Earth
Magnetopshere |
Van Allen belts surround earth
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Earth
Earth Shapers |
impacts
volcanoes tectonics erosion |
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Earth
Ozone |
created by UV in stratosphere, 03
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Earth
Greenhouse effect |
warming by atmosphere
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Earth
Greenhouse gases |
main water and carbon dioxide
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Moon
Size |
1/4 size of earth
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Moon
Maria |
dark old impacts, mascons
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Moon
Highlands |
oldest white crust
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Moon
Origin ideas |
Fission – moon spun off from separated Earth material at formation
Capture – moon formed separate and then gravitationally captured Condensation – moon formed near the Earth in the Solar System |
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Mercury
Size |
1/3 of earth
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Mercury
Rotation |
59 days
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Mercury
Revolution |
88 days
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Mercury
Temperature |
900 F
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Mercury
Caloris Basin |
largest impact in solar system
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Mercury
Scarp |
cliffs formed by Mercury shrinking
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Venus
Size |
same as earth
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Venus
Rotation |
243 days backward
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Venus
Revolution |
225 days
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Venus
Temperature |
900 F, by greenhouse
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Venus
Atmosphere |
90 times thicker than earth and 96% carbon dioxide
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Venus
Clouds |
thick and sulfuric acid
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Mars
Size |
1/2 earth
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Mars
Rotation |
24h 30min
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Mars
Revolution |
23 months (2 years)
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Mars
Atmosphere |
1% earth carbon dioxide
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Mars
Channels |
once flowing rivers
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Mars
Permafrost |
at poles and maybe over planet, water frozen
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