Astronomy Final

Front 1

The systematic study of the properties and evolution of stars, galaxies, and the universe is

Back 1

astronomy

Front 2

kepler proposed that

Back 2

plants orbit the sun in elliptical orbits

Front 3

an astronomical unit is defined as

Back 3

the distance between the earth and sun

Front 4

aristarchus used the size of the earth's shadow during a lunear eclipse to compute

Back 4

distance to the moon

Front 5

cosmology with the earth at the center of the universe is said to be

Back 5

geocentric

Front 6

kepler's 3rd law states that

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a planets distance from the sun and sidereal period are related

Front 7

ancient astronomers considered plants diff. form stars because

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planets move through the stars on the celestial sphere

Front 8

in chico at local noon on the autumnal equinox the sun was

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on the celestial equator

Front 9

approx. angular diameter of the sun is

Back 9

0.5 degrees

Front 10

Eratosthenes used the altitude of the sun in Aleandria and Syene to compute the

Back 10

diameter of the earth

Front 11

with respect to the stars on the celestial sphere the sun

Back 11

moves west to east

Front 12

during this month the moon may have a magnitude of -12 while jupiters mag. is around -2. the ratio of light energy received by your eye between the moon and jupiter is

Back 12

10^4 : 1

Front 13

in the original copernican model of the solar system

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the earth orbits the sun on a circular orbit

Front 14

by the year 100 bc astronomers had a reasonable understanding of many things. which of the following did they not know

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mass of the earth

Front 15

the path of the sun on the celestial sphere is known as the

Back 15

ecliptic

Front 16

saturn at opposition crosses the meridian at

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midnight

Front 17

proof used by aristotle to demonstrate the earth is spherical

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when one travels they never see the same stars in the same positions
The shadow of Earth on the Moon during a lunar eclipse is round

Front 18

explain occam's razor and how it is applied in the physical sciences

Back 18

A rule in science and philosophy stating that entities should not be multiplied needlessly. This rule is interpreted to mean that the simplest of two or more competing theories is preferable and that an explanation for unknown phenomena should first be attempted in terms of what is already known.

Front 19

Hipparchus 3 accomplishments

Back 19

Discovered trig
determined distance to moon
made a star catalogue: 850 stars

Front 20

list one observation made by galileo that supported the copernican model

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jupiter has four moons

Front 21

why did tycho brahe reject the copernican model

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Sun and Moon orbited the Earth, while the other planets orbited the Sun.

Front 22

list two aritotelian concepts about the physical world that were accepted until the 16th-17th centuries

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idk

Front 23

about 2/3 of all chemical elemtns have been observed in solar spectrum the elements other than hydrogen and helium observed in the solar spectrum

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were produced in other stars

Front 24

an A main sequence star such as Sirius may have a temp of around 10000K whilst a K Giant such as Arcturus may have a temp of around 4000 K. sirius will

Back 24

appear bluer than Arcturus

Front 25

in order to determine the luminosity of a star we need to know

Back 25

the distance to the star

Front 26

ionization refers to

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the removal of electrons from an atom

Front 27

saturn orbits the sun at about 10 AU. Saturn receives how much less flux form the Sun and Earth?

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100 times

Front 28

light from a hot high pressure gas gives

Back 28

a continuous spectrum with the wavelength of max intensity decreasing as the temp increases

Front 29

the wavelength of the photon an atom emits depends only on

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the diff. in energy of the initial and final orbits

Front 30

we see what type of spectrum from most stars

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absorption

Front 31

in a white dwarf, sirius B, pressure is balanced by

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gravity

Front 32

fusion is the process where

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atomic nuclei merge together to form new elements

Front 33

the approx. diameter of the main sequence star is

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10^6 km

Front 34

star A has a parallax of .05'' and star B has a parallax of .15''.

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star A is three times farther than B

Front 35

consider two main sequence stars. Star A is 1L and Star B is 10L.

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star A is less massive than B

Front 36

element with the simplest atomic structure is

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hydrogen

Front 37

expected main sequence lifetime of the sun is

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10^10 years

Front 38

all main sequence stars have this in common

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energy source

Front 39

describe a way to determine the temp of a star

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the color of a star and its spectrum

Front 40

fate of a high mass star
fate of a low mass star

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at its death it explodes through a supernova and ends as a blackhole
it becomes a white dwarf