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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ptolomy and other early astronomers and philosophers crafted mostly _______ models of the universe |
Geocentric |
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Eastward motion of time |
Prograde |
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Westward motion of time |
Retrograde |
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Copernicus was the first to make accurate mathematical models of the _______ system (sun centered) |
Heliocentric |
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The orbit of each planet around the sun is an ellipse with the sun at one focus (objects follow an elliptical path as they orbit other objects in space) |
Keplers 1st law |
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An ellipse has a size described by the ________ |
Semimajor axis |
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Defines how round the ellipse is and how far the foci are separated from each other |
Eccentricity |
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As a planet orbits a star it sweeps out equal areas in equal times (objects move more quickly in their orbit when they are farther apart) |
Keplers 2nd law |
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The period of a planet orbiting a star is proportional to the planets semimajor axis (the farther a planet is from the sun the longer it will take to orbit) |
Keplers 3rd law |
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First astronomer to show observational evidence that some objects do not revolve around Earth or the sun |
Galileo |
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Rate at which an object moves |
Speed |
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Speed and direction |
Velocity |
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Any change in velocity |
Acceleration |
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The only way to change an objects momentum is to apply _____ to it |
Force |
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To feel a change in momentum there must be a change in _______ (an acceleration) |
Net force |
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Any object that is spinning or moving along a curved path has ..... |
Angular momentum |
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An object in motion stays in motion, while an object at rest stays at rest (an object moves at a constant velocity if there is no net force acting on it) |
Newtons 1st law |
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Describes how a net force affects the acceleration of an object (mass resists changes in motions, greater forces mean greater acceleration) |
Newton’s 2nd law |
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For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
Newton’s 3rd law |
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The amount of matter in an object |
Mass |
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The force that acts upon an object |
Weight |
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Exists within a planet and produces internal forces which holds the planets together |
Self gravity |
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Force is the same from a point mass at the center |
Spherically symmetric body |
