Astronomy And Space Science

Front 1

1. How long does Earth’s rotation take?

Back 1

24 hours

Front 2

2. How long does it take Earth to complete one revolution around the sun?

Back 2

1 year

Front 3

3. Why does Earth have seasons?

Back 3

Because Earth’s axis is tilted as it moves around the sun.

Front 4

4. When the north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun, describe the sunlight and day length in North America.

Back 4

More direct rays and longer days

Front 5

5. What does the moon phase we see from Earth depend on?

Back 5

how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth

Front 6

6. How must the Earth, sun and moon be ordered to experience a solar eclipse?

Back 6

the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun

Front 7

7. What did Galileo see on the moon’s surface?

Back 7

round pits called craters

Front 8

8. How do scientists think the moon was formed?

Back 8

a large object struck Earth, and ejected material from the collision combined

Front 9

9. Describe the position of the Earth during an equinox.

Back 9

neither end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward or away from the sun

Front 10

10. When does the moon appear to be cut in half?

Back 10

first quarter and third quarter phase

Front 11

11. What law says that all objects are attracted to each other?

Back 11

the force of gravity

Front 12

12. What event began the Space Race?

Back 12

The Soviet Union launched Sputnik I

Front 13

13. Who was competing in the Space Race?

Back 13

the United States and the Soviet Union

Front 14

14. What is the space shuttle?

Back 14

A reusable spacecraft that can be used many times to carry astronauts into orbit

Front 15

15. What do both reflecting and refracting telescopes do with visible light?

Back 15

gather and focus visible light

Front 16

16. What characteristics are used to classify stars?

Back 16

size, brightness, temperature, color, composition

Front 17

17. When nuclear fusion starts, what is happening to a star?

Back 17

it is dying

Front 18

18. What does the lifetime of a star depend on?

Back 18

it’s mass

Front 19

19. What is a supernova?

Back 19

the explosion of a dying high-mass star

Front 20

20. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

Back 20

spiral galaxy

Front 21

21. What is the name of the theory that scientists believe formed the universe?

Back 21

Big Bang Theroy

Front 22

22. What did the solar system form from?

Back 22

a giant cloud of gas and dust

Front 23

23. What happens to Earth in a heliocentric system?

Back 23

Earth revolves around the Sun

Front 24

24. What do all of the inner planets have in common?

Back 24

They all are small and have rocky surfaces

Front 25

25. Where is the asteroid belt located in the solar system?

Back 25

between Mars and Jupiter

Front 26

26. Where do meteoroids come from?

Back 26

comets or asteroids

Front 27

27. What are the conditions necessary for life on Earth?

Back 27

liquid water

Front 28

28. What are the reasons that scientists think that Mars once may have had life?

Back 28

evidence that liquid water was once present

Front 29

29. What are Saturn’s rings made mostly of?

Back 29

chunks of ice and rock

Front 30

30. Why is Uranus different from most other planets?

Back 30

rotates on its side

Front 31

31. Why is Jupiter unique?

Back 31

It is the largest and most massive planet

Front 32

32. What causes day and night?

Back 32

Earth’s rotation on its axis

Front 33

33. What are the flat areas on the moon’s surface?

Back 33

maria

Front 34

34. Because galaxies are moving away from each other, what can be said about the universe?

Back 34

it is expanding

Front 35

35. What is the minimum number of stars in a star system?

Back 35

2

Front 36

36. What model shows Earth as the center of the solar system?

Back 36

geocentric

Front 37

37. Where is the Great Red Spot found?

Back 37

Jupiter

Front 38

38. Why can the moon be seen from the Earth?

Back 38

because sunlight reflects off the moon’s surface

Front 39

39. When a shuttle returns from a mission, how does it land?

Back 39

like an airplane

Front 40

40. Stars begin as a large cloud of gas and dust. What is this called?

Back 40

nebula

Front 41

Back 41

New Moon: H Full Moon: B Waxing Crescent: A Waning Gibbous: F First Quarter: E Third Quarter: C Waxing Gibbous: G Waning Crescent: D

Front 42

42. How much time passes between a new moon and a full moon?

Back 42

about 15 days

Front 43

43. Draw the two gibbous moons.

Back 43

Wanning Gibbous

Front 44

43. Draw the two gibbous moons.

Back 44

Waxing gibbous