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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The nebular theory of the origin of the solar system was proposed by |
Laplace. |
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The passing star mechanism of the origin of the solar system was proposed by |
Buffon. |
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Why do astronomers believe that the angular momentum problem is no longer an objection to the solar nebula problem? |
The sun's magnetic field interacted with gas leaving the nebula and slowed the sun's rotation. |
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Which one supports the solar nebula theory of the origin of the solar system? |
Disks are common around young stars. |
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The oldest rocks found on Earth are about ____ years old. |
4.4 billion |
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the terrestrial planets? |
low average density |
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The age of the solar system is believed to be approximately 4.6 billions years old based on the data from |
samples of lunar rocks. samples of earth rocks. samples of meteorites. |
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In observations, ____ has a heavy element core, and a deep atmosphere made mostly of hydrogen. |
Uranus |
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The condensation sequence suggests that ____ should condense closest to the sun. |
metals and metal oxides |
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Condensation in the solar nebula probably led to the formation of |
icy grains beyond the present orbit of Jupiter. metallic grains near the present orbit of Mercury. silicate grains near the present orbit of Earth. |
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Protoplanets of the Jovian planets could have grown very hot from |
the infall of material at high velocity. |
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The planets all lie in nearly the same plane resulting in a disk-like structure for the solar system. This disk-like structure is believed to exist because |
the original solar nebulae had a disk-like structure. |
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Which one of the following objects is most like the planetesimals that formed in the solar nebular? |
asteroids |
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The large planetesimals would have grown faster than the smaller planetesimals because |
their stronger gravity would pull in more material. |
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Accretion among the grains in the solar nebula would have been aided by |
static electricity. |
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If a star is found with five planets orbiting it, which of the planets would be expected to have the greatest uncompressed density if the system was formed by a process like that described in the solar nebula theory? |
the one closest to the star |
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The current atmosphere of Earth is believed to be |
composed of gases that were baked from the rocks sometime after the planet formed. |
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The discovery that Jovian-like planets are common around other stars and that gas and dust is swept out of the solar neighborhood fairly early in the formation of a star suggests that |
the Jovians may have formed directly, without the core accretion phase. |
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On a photograph of the moon, the moon measures 30 cm in diameter, and a small crater measures 0.2 cm. The moon's physical diameter is 1738 km. What is the physical diameter of the small crater? |
about 12 km |
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Once a terrestrial planet had formed from a large number of planetesimals, heat from ____ could have melted it and allowed it to differentiate into a dense metallic core and a lower density crust. |
radioactive decay |
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A future news release might report that a new planet has been found around a star very similar to our sun. This newly discovered planet is claimed to have a mass 40 times that of Earth and is located nearly 25 AU from the star it orbits. Which of the following would be a reasonable prediction about this planet? I.The planet will probably have a mean density of around 5 g/cm3. II.The planet will probably have a radius of around five to ten times greater than Earth's. III.The planet will probably have several satellites. IV.The planet will probably have a composition that is mostly hydrogen and helium. |
II, III, & IV |
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Most planets thus far discovered around other stars were found by |
varying Doppler shifts of the stars. |
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Planets are thought to be forming today in ____ around stars. |
hot disks |
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What observation made of other stars seems to suggest the solar nebula hypothesis is correct? |
Young stars are found to have hot disks that surround them. |
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Venus is often called Earth's sister planet because it is similar to the Earth in terms of |
mass. size. density |
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Compared to the terrestrial planets, Jovian planets |
have a much larger diameter. |
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The asteroid belt is found between which two planets? |
Mars and Jupiter |
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If the catastrophic theory of the formation of the solar system is correct then we should expect |
to find a very few number of planetary systems like our own. |
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How is radioactive dating used to determine the age of an object? |
The amounts of radioactive and decay material are compared to its half-life to determine age. |
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How is the presence of space debris accounted for by solar system models? |
Space debris was formed by the collision of objects after the planets formed. |