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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CHROMOSPHERE
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The middle layer of the sun's atmosphere. From the Greek work, chromo, meaning color (so the chromosphere is the "color sphere").
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REVOLUTION
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The movement of one object around another object.
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PENUMBRA
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The larger part of the shadow cast by the moon; less dark than the umbra.
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ROTATION
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The Earth's spinning on its axis
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MARIA
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Dark, flat parts of the moon's surface; Galileo named these after the Latin word, mare, for seas. Maria are areas that were flooded by molten rock billions of years ago.
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ORBIT
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Earth's path as it revolves around the sun.
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UMBRA
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The darkest part of the moon's shadow, which is cone shaped.
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PHASES
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The different shapes of the moon you see from Earth.
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SOLAR FLARES
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Explosions that occur when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect, releasing large amount of energy. The energy heats the gas on the sun causing the hydrogen gas to explode out into space.
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ASTRONOMY
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The study of the moon, stars and other objects in space.
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SUNSPOTS
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Areas of cooler gases in the photosphere. They usually occur in pairs or groups.
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ECLIPSE
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When the moon's shadow hits Earth or Earth's shadow hits the moon.
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PROMINENCE
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A huge, looping eruption of gas through the chromosphere.
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CORONA
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The outer layer of the sun's atmosphere, which looks like a white halo around the sun; from the Latin for "crown". Only visible during eclipses from special telescopes.
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SOLAR ECLIPSE
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When the moon passes between Earth and the sun, blocking the sunlight from reaching Earth.
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PHOTOSPHERE
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The inner layer of the sun's atmosphere. From the Greek word, photo, meaning light (so photosphere means the sphere that makes light).
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GOLDILOCKS CONDITIONS
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Favorable conditions for living things to survive; i.e., on Earth the temperature is not too hot and not too cold.
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EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE
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Life other than that on Earth.
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AXIS
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The imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the North and South poles.
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THE VIKING MISSIONS
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A series of unmanned space missions in the 1970's that explored the planet Mars. Each of the Viking landers carried a compact biology lab meant to search for life forms.
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EUROPA
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One of Jupiter's moons that scientists think may have th conditions necessary for life to develop. It has a very smooth, icy crust with giant cracks in it, and water may be underneath.
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LUNAR ECLIPSE
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Occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun.
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CORE
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The sun's cener where the temperature reaches about 15 million degrees Celsius, high enough for nuclear fusion to occur.
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