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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Which planet is the closest to the sun?
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Mercury
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The order of the planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. One must also spell the planet names correctly.
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Which planet is this:
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/venus_true.jpg |
Venus
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Each picture is a "true color" picture and is basically what one would see through a very powerful telescope. One must spell the planet names correctly.
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Select all of the criteria below which a celestial body must meet to be a planet in our solar system:
orbits the Sun is closer than Neptune (~30 AU) has a solid surface has at least one moon has cleared its neighborhood of other large bodies massive enough to be basically round |
1) Orbits the Sun
2) Hash cleared its 3) Neighborhood of other large bodies massive enough to be basically round |
To be a planet according to the 2006 IAU definition, it must orbit the sun, be basically round because of its mass, and not share its orbit with lots of debris – having cleared its neighborhood.
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If looking at the Sun from "above" its North Pole, what direction do the planets orbit the sun?
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all counter-clockwise
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All of the planets orbit the sun in a counter-clockwise direction.
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What does this illustrate?
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/ss2.jpg |
all of the planets have small orbital inclinations
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While we get some sense of the scale of the Solar System in this diagram, we see that Pluto has a noticeable orbital inclination, while the rest of the planets don't.
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Which of the characteristics below correspond to Terrestrial planets?
no solid surfaces primarily composed of hydrogen and helium ring systems relatively small masses few if any moons relatively small radii high densities rapid rotators located in the outer solar system |
1) Relatively small masses
2) Few if any moons 3) Relatively small radii 4) High densities |
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Which of the following did not contribute to the clearing of the solar nebula?
ejection out of the solar system by gravitation formation of the asteroids planets sweeping up debris the solar wind radiation pressure |
Formation of the asteroids
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The asteroids weren't big enough to take up much of the solar nebula's material, or to sweep up or eject material, so they weren't a big factor in clearing the solar nebula. The infant Sun, and the larger planets made far more of an impact.
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What planet is this?
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/mercury_true.jpg |
Mercury
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Select all of the criteria below which a celestial body must meet to be a dwarf planet in our solar system.
has at least one moon massive enough to be basically round has a solid surface is closer than Neptune (~30 AU) has cleared its neighborhood of other large bodies orbits the Sun |
1) Massive enough to be basically round
2) Orbits the sun |
To be a planet according to the 2006 IAU definition, it must orbit the sun, be basically round because of its mass, and not share its orbit with lots of debris – having cleared its neighborhood. A dwarf planet will meet two of those three requirements.
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Which statement best describes orbits of the planets?
they are very nearly circular all of the orbits are rather elliptical some are circular orbits but some are quite elliptical |
they are very nearly circular
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All the planets have rather elliptical orbits. The highest eccentricity is Mercury, with an eccentricity of 0.2.
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Which of the characteristics below correspond to Jovian planets?
primarily composed of rocks and metals no ring systems low densities solid surfaces located in the inner solar system relatively large masses rapid rotators relatively large radii many moons |
1) Low Densities
2) Relatively large masses 3) Rapid rotators 4) Relatively large radii 5) Many moons |
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The building of planetesimals grain by grain is known as…
accretion evaporation sublimation condensation differentiation |
Condensation
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Like dew condensing on a cold surface, planetesmals will pick up grains from the environment to coat themselves. This is one way they can become bigger planetesimals.
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Which planet: http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/neptune_true.jpg
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Neptune
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What does this illustrate: http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/ss4.jpg
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all planets rotate in the same direction that they revolve, except for Venus and Uranus
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Here we see the planets as they spin – we can see that, unlike most of the planets, Uranus is spinning on its side, and Venus is spinning the wrong direction (or the right direction but upside-down).
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The theory of planet formation that suggests that the solar nebula cooled rapidly and the planets formed out of planetesimals of different composition is known as…
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heterogeneous accretion
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Heterogeneous means 'different material' – referring to the fact the planetesimals making the planets are different depending on where the planet is forming and how big the planet is.
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Which planet is the seventh from the sun?
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Uranus
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The order of the planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. One must also spell the planet names correctly.
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Which planet is the third from the sun?
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Earth
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Which planet is this: http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/uranus_true.jpg
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Uranus
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In the far future, a visiting tourist from another planetary system asks to see the most massive object in our Solar System. Where would you take him/her/it?
the Sun the asteroid belt Neptune Jupiter Comet Halley |
the Sun
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The Sun contains over 99% of the mass in the Solar System. Jupiter is a runner-up with 0.1% of the mass. Rounding errors conceal the mass of the rest of the planets – the Solar System is mostly the Sun, Jupiter and debris. |
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What does this illustrate?
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/ss3.jpg |
planets can be broken into two groups based on their size and location in either the inner or outer Solar System
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The planets can be broken into two groups – the Earth-sized inner Terrestrial planets and the larger, outer Jovian planets. The diagram shows that breakdown.
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Which planet is the second from the sun?
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Venus
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Which planet is the fifth from the sun?
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Jupiter
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What does this illustrate?
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/ss1.jpg |
the scale of orbits in the inner Solar System is very different than that for orbits in the outer Solar System
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This diagram tells us nothing about planet size, orbital inclination and tilt, and disproves that most planets have elliptical orbits, as most of them look nearly circular. The main focus is on the scale of things.
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Which planet is this: http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/mercury_true.jpg
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Mercury
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Which planet is this:
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/mars_true.jpg |
Mars
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Which planet is this:
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/jupiter_true.jpg |
Jupiter
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The inner planets are made mostly of rock and metal because…
lighter materials cannot orbit the Sun; they would fall in immediately. the Sun is made mostly of rock and metal and the inner planets are closest to the Sun. it was so hot where the inner planets formed that the lighter materials evaporated. Jupiter's large gravity immediately attracted all the lighter materials, and so there were few light atoms left by the time the inner planets were ready to form. This is an unsolved problem in astronomy. |
it was so hot where the inner planets formed that the lighter materials evaporated.
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Lighter materials have lower evaporation points (on average) than heavier materials, so most of the lighter materials were gases in the inner part of the solar nebula. While some of the bigger inner planets could keep some gases, they all held on to their solids (rocks and metals) much better, so they ended up mostly rocks and metals.
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Which planet is this:
http://physics.unl.edu/~klee/mapleta/ast103/Segment6Graphics/Planets/saturn_true.jpg |
Saturn
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