Assessment Of Basic Mental Status, Head, Neck, And Spine

Front 1

3 functions of the tongue

Back 1

-speech

-taste

-mechanical

Front 2

healthy spine

Back 2

front- straight

side- s curve

back-straight

Front 3

Spine curvature disorder

Back 3

Lordosis- Also called swayback, the spine of a person with lordosis curves significantly inward at the lower back.

Kyphosis- Kyphosis is characterized by an abnormally rounded upper back

Scoliosis-A person with scoliosis has a sideways curve to their spine. The curve is often S-shaped or C-shaped

Front 4

COLDSPA

Back 4

Character

Onset

Location

Duration

Severity

Pattern

Associations

Front 5

PERLA

Back 5

Pupils clear

equal

round

reactive to light both directly and consensually

accommodation

Front 6

conjunctivitis

Back 6

infectionof the conjunctiva causes vessels at periphery to appear red andbeefy, Common symptom of bacterial or viral infection, allergy orchemical irritation.

Front 7

diplopia-

Back 7

Theperception of two images of a single object

Front 8

pupil accommodation-

Back 8

isadaptation of the eye for near vision. It is accomplished byincreasing the curvature of the lens through movement of the ciliarymuscles.

Front 9

pupillary light reflex

Back 9

is the normal constriction ofthe pupils when bright light shines on the retina.

Front 10

consensual pupillaryresponse

Back 10

if anindividual's right eye is shielded and light shines into the lefteye, constriction of the right pupil will occur, as well as the left.This is because the afferent signal through one optic nerve connectsto the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, whose axons run to both the rightand the left oculomotor nerves.

Front 11

ptosis

Back 11

This is a positional defect that gives the patient a sleepyappearance and impairs vision ( dropping of the upper eyelid).

Front 12

entropion –

Back 12

The lower eyelid rolls inward because of spasm of eyelids or scartissue contracting.

Front 13

ectropion-

Back 13

Thelower eyelid is loose, rolls outward and does not approximate toeyeball. Excess tearing results

Front 14

presbycusis-

Back 14

atype of hearing loss that occurs with aging, even in people living ina quiet environment. It is a gradual sensorineural loss caused bynerve degeneration in the inner ear or auditory nerve.

Front 15

tinnitus –.

Back 15

Ringing inthe ear- originates within theperson; it accompanies some hearing or ear disorders.

Front 16

vertigo –

Back 16

two types,objective vertigo- the person feels as if the rooms spins orsubjective vertigo- the person feels as if he or she spins. Inner earimbalance.

Front 17

otorrhea –

Back 17

dischargefrom the ear

Front 18

cerumen

Back 18

cerumen- geneticallydetermined, ear wax, wet or dry cerumen

Front 19

rhinorrea

Back 19

occurswith colds, nasal discharge, sinus infection, or trauma.

Front 20

dysphagia

Back 20

Difficultyin passing food down the esophagus to the stomach. , or difficulty insafe transfer of liquid or food bolus from mouth to the esophagus.

Front 21

gingivitis

Back 21

inflammationof the gums

Front 22

periodontitis

Back 22

inflammationof the periodontiumcaused by bacteria that infect the roots of teeth and the surroundinggum crevices, producing bleeding, pus formation, and gradual loss ofbone and the tissues that support the teeth.

Front 23

thrush

Back 23

adisease, especially in children, characterized by whitish spots andulcers on the membranes of the mouth, fauces, et

Front 24

significance of mouth odours ( halitosis)

Back 24

localcause, such as poor oral hygiene, consumption of odoriferous foods,alcohol consumption, heavy smoking, or dental infection.

On occassion it could mean a systemic disease: Diabeticketo- acidosis produces a sweet, fruity breath odour.

Front 25

direct light reflex

Back 25

When one eye is exposed to bright light constriction of that pupil

Front 26

consensual light reflex

Back 26

simultaneous constriction of the other pupil when one eye is exposed to light.

Front 27

pupillary light reflex

Back 27

normal constriction of the pupils when bright light shines on the retina

Front 28

ACCOMODATION

Back 28

adaptation of the eye for near vision.

Front 29

significance of symmetry

Back 29

ifasymmetrical it could be helpful in diagnosing that certain bodypart. For instance if Neck is not positioned in the midline andaccessory muscles are not symmetrical head tilt could occur becauseof muscle spasm. In the Face if asymmetrical could mean central brainlesion, or Bell's Palsy, stroke etc. In the eye asymmetry of thelight reflex indicates deviation in alignment as a result of eyemuscle weakness or paralysis. In ears low set ears or deviation inalignment may indicate intellectual disability or a genitourinarymalformation.In the nose if asymmetrical, could be a broken nose, orobstruction of the nasal septum, could mean deviated septum.

Front 30

Techniques to provide comfort

Back 30

buildingrapport, trust, privacy, indicating the reason for the assessment,eye contact, therapeutic relationship techniques, chair to sit on, laying down, a gown

Front 31

general survey

Back 31

1.Physical Appearance- age, sex, level of consciousness, skin colour, facial features

2.Body Structure- stature, nutrition, symmetry, posture, position, body build, contour

3. Mobility- Gait, Range of motion

4. Behaviour- Facial Expression, Mood and Affect, Speech, Dress

Front 32

Common question to ask about a client's orientation

Back 32

What day of the week is it? What year is it?

Front 33

Ears are aligned with what body part?

Back 33

eyes

Front 34

Flat affect

Back 34

A person with negative symptoms lacks a normal range of feelings and behaviours. A severe reduction in emotional effectiveness. ( often people with depression and schizophrenia have this.)

Front 35

What is the gland located in the neck?

Back 35

Thyroid Gland- endocrine gland

Front 36

What part of the spine innervates at dorsiflexion?

Back 36

L4

Front 37

altered thought process

Back 37

slowed verbal responses, decreased ability to concentrate, impaired memory, poor reasoning ability or judgment, apathy, agitation, hallucinations

Front 38

Unexpected findings of the Head and Neck

Back 38

Unexpected findings include decreased palpability of a mass, limited range of motion of the neck, and enlarged lymph nodes, involuntary movements

Front 39

When examining the neck what needs to be assessed?

Back 39

mobility, lymph nodes, thyroid gland,