Assessment [C] - Skin

Front 1

protection
temperature/maintenence
fluid/elec balance
absorption
excretion
wound repair

Back 1

functions of skin

Front 2

outer layer of skin, provides water proofing, melanin (brown pigment) production

Back 2

epidermis

Front 3

vascular, connective tissues - lymph vessels -never endings, sebauceous glands, dermal Pappillae, hair follicles, sweat glands

Back 3

dermis

Front 4

fat cells, blood vessels, nerves, remaining portion of sweat glands

Back 4

subcutaenous tissue

Front 5

layers of keratin, develops within the hair follicle

Back 5

Hair

Front 6

hair functions to

Back 6

protective covering
filter dust and airborne debris

Front 7

2 types of hair

Back 7

vellus
terminal

Front 8

the part of the dermis that forms the ridges known as fingerprints is the

Back 8

papillae

Front 9

physically assessing the skin it is important that you have

Back 9

equiptment, good lighting, metric ruler

Front 10

a decrease in hormones contributes to

Back 10

skin atrophy

Front 11

70's/80s elderly - what occurs

Back 11

an increase in skin atrophy and a decrease in elasticity

Front 12

what is decreased in elderly

Back 12

loss of cologen
decreased muscle tone
decreased sweat gland production
decreased melanin
decreased vascularity
dry, wrinkled skin

Front 13

elderly females have a decrease in

Back 13

estrogen

Front 14

thin, dry, transparent epidermis with a loss of surface markings

Back 14

skin atrophy

Front 15

skin atrophy leads to aged skin and

Back 15

arterial insuffiency, and increased visibility of underlying blood vessels

Front 16

skin in elderly becomes pale due to

Back 16

decreased melanin production
decreased dermal vascularity

Front 17

your 85 yr old pt skin becomes pale due to decreased melanin production and decreased dermal vascularity, you would document this as

Back 17

normal

Front 18

increase melanin is found in what groups

Back 18

african americans, native americans, asians

Front 19

darker skin colors have lighter palms , soles and nailbeds have

Back 19

dark streaks of pigmentation

Front 20

lighter skin colors have darker pigment around

Back 20

lips, genitalia, nipples

Front 21

Intact area without redness
no odor
smooth without lesions
are all

Back 21

normal findings

Front 22

older adults may have age associated lesions such as (NORMAL)

Back 22

seborrheic or senile karatosis
cherry angiomas
cutaenous tags and horns

Front 23

pallor (loss of skin color) jaundice, odor, cyanosis are all _________

Back 23

abnormal skin findings

Front 24

darkening of skin in localized area such as neck or hands is called

Back 24

acandthosis nigricans

Front 25

what is associated with bad oxygenation, a blue color

Back 25

cyanosis

Front 26

generalized , cardio/pulmonary

Back 26

central cyanosis

Front 27

bad circulation in localized area

Back 27

peripheral cyanosis

Front 28

jaundice in darker colored skin can be best found where

Back 28

eyes, sclera, mouth

Front 29

an abnormal finding, thin dry transparent epidermis with loss of surface markings (increased visibility of blood vessels and arterial insuffiency)

Back 29

Atrophy

Front 30

seperate and distinct lesion configuration is called

Back 30

discrete

Front 31

clustered lesion configuration is called

Back 31

grouped

Front 32

merged lesion configuration is called

Back 32

confluent

Front 33

circular lesion configuration is called

Back 33

annular

Front 34

linear along a nerve route lesion configuration is called

Back 34

zosterioform

Front 35

which area is best for assessing skin color chagnes in person with darker skin tones

Back 35

oral mucosa (conjuctiva sac, other membranes)

Front 36

reddish or blue in color, associated with bleeding, venous pressure, aging

Back 36

vascular lesions

Front 37

PRIMARY
flat , non palpable skin color change

Back 37

macule and patch

Front 38

greater than 1 cm, IRREGULAR border

Back 38

patch

Front 39

less than 1 cm, circumscribed border

Back 39

macule

Front 40

examples of Macule and Patch are

Back 40

freckles, petchaie, vitiligo, ecchymosis

Front 41

PRIMARY LESIONS
elevated, palpable, solid, circumstribed border

Back 41

papule and plaque

Front 42

less than .5 cm (Warts, lichen planus)

Back 42

papule

Front 43

greater than .5 cm (psoriasis, actini keratosis)

Back 43

plaque

Front 44

PRIMARY LESIONS
elevated solid palpable mass
extends deeper into dermis than papule

Back 44

nodule and tumor

Front 45

greater than 1 cm , circumstribed border (lipoma, dermatofibrioma)

Back 45

nodule

Front 46

greater than 2 cm, may not have sharp border (carcinoma)

Back 46

tumor

Front 47

PRIMARY LESIONS
circumscribed, elevated, palpable mass, cotaining SERIOUS fluid (Blister)

Back 47

Vesicle and Bulla

Front 48

less than 1 cm (chicken pox, poison ivy)

Back 48

vescile

Front 49

greater than 1 cm, (large blisters)

Back 49

bulla

Front 50

dark , yellow fluid contained in primary lesions such as vesicle and bulla

Back 50

serous fluid

Front 51

PRIMARY LESIONS
elevated mass without definied borders
IRREGULAR in shape
contain serous fluid in dermis, not free fluid in a cavity
ex) hives, insect bites

Back 51

Wheal

Front 52

pus filled vesicle or bullar (acne, impetigo)

Back 52

Pustule

Front 53

encapsulated fluid filled or semi soloid mass, located in subcutaneous tissue or dermis

(sabaceous cyst, epidermoid cyst)

Back 53

Cyst

Front 54

SECONDARY LESIONS
loss of superficial epidermis without involvement of dermis

depressed moist area
ruptured vesicle, scratch mark

Back 54

erosion

Front 55

SECONDARY LESION
loss of skin extending past epidermis with or without necrotic tissue
(bleeding/scarring involved)
(statis ulcer, pressure ulcer)

Back 55

Ulcer

Front 56

SECONDARY LESION
replacement by connective tissue in injured tissue, mark left after wound healing
(initirally red or purple, later turned white, healed wound or incision)

Back 56

Scar

Front 57

SECONDARY LESION
linear crack in skin with possible extension into dermis
(chapped hands, athletes foot)

Back 57

Fissure

Front 58

SECONARY LESION
flakes of thick or fine dead epithelium
(dandruff)

Back 58

scales

Front 59

SECONDARY LESION
dried residue of serum, blood or pus on surface of skin, large crust adhearing to skin or scab
(herpes, impetigo)

Back 59

crust

Front 60

SECONDARY LESIONS
hypertrophied scar tissue due to excessive collagen formation duering healing
(ear piercing, surgical incison)

Back 60

Keloid

Front 61

an abnormal production of collagen or KELOIDS have a higher incidence in

Back 61

aftican americans

Front 62

SECONDARY LESIONS
thickening and roughened skin
(caused by rubbing, irritationm ,scratching)
ex) contact dermatitis

Back 62

Lichenification

Front 63

VASCULAR LESION
round red or purple macule 1-2 mm, small, associated with microscopic bloodflow

Back 63

petechia

Front 64

VASCULAR LESION
round or irregular macule
larger than petichae
varies from black yellow green
BRUISE

Back 64

ecchymosis

Front 65

ecchymosis is associated with

Back 65

trauma

Front 66

VASCULAR LESION
elvated bruise (echhymosis)
localized collection of blood

Back 66

hematoma

Front 67

HEMATOMA is a complication of

Back 67

groin angiogram, surgery

Front 68

VASCULAR LESIONS
papule, red or purple
usually located on trunk or extremities

Back 68

cherry angioma

Front 69

VASCULAR LESIONS
red, central body with radiating branches rarely below the waist

Back 69

Telangeictasis (spider angioma)

Front 70

VASCULAR LESIONS
spider like or linear, blue or red, legs or anterior chest

Back 70

Telangiectasis (Venous star/lake)

Front 71

elderly skin is drier due to

Back 71

decreased serum production

Front 72

pinching skin and having it return to original position is known as

does not stayh indented when pressed!

Back 72

positive turgor

Front 73

older persons skin may appear sagging or wrinkled due to

Back 73

deccreased elasticity and collagen

Front 74

GRADING EDEMA

Back 74

LOOK AT TAYLOR 1685

Front 75

assymetrical irregular borders, elevation, discolartion is indicative of

Back 75

skin cancer

Front 76

what is the most serious type of skin cancer

Back 76

melanoma

Front 77

what is the most common type of skin cancer

Back 77

basal cell carcinoma (better prognosis)

Front 78

inadequate b3 niacin, sun exposure, age, medication, chem exposure, human papillomavirus, alcohol smoking are all risk factors aka

Back 78

promoters

Front 79

skin damaged invasion of dermis associated with metastisis but better outcome, firm nodules is what type of cancer

Back 79

basal cell carcinoma

Front 80

agressively tumor associataed with WIDESPREAD METASTISIS...very bad

Back 80

melanoma

Front 81

ABCD Warning signs of cancer are

Back 81

Assymetry
Border
Color
Diameter

Front 82

HIV = immune dysfunction , vascular nodules on skin, mucous mmebranes, small red, purple vary in size

Back 82

Kaposi Sarcoma

Front 83

a diet adequare in what helps reduce risk of skin cnacer

Back 83

VITAMIN B3 Niacin

Front 84

the patient has a large keloid on his arm resulting from pervious injury. the nurse understands this is a result of

Back 84

excessive collagen formation

Front 85

examples of primary lesions : freckles, petechaie, vitiligo, ecchymosis

Back 85

macule and patch

Front 86

examples of primary lesions : poison ivy, LARGE blisters

Back 86

Bulla

Front 87

examples of primary lesions : warts, lichen planus

Back 87

papule

Front 88

examples of primary lesions : chicken pox, poison ivy

Back 88

vesicle

Front 89

examples of primary lesions : lipoma, dermatofibroma

Back 89

nodule

Front 90

examples of primary lesions : carcinoma

Back 90

tumor

Front 91

examples of primary lesions : psoriasis, acitinic keratosis

Back 91

plaque

Front 92

examples of primary lesions : hives, insect bite

Back 92

wheal

Front 93

examples of primary lesions : acne, impetigo

Back 93

pustule

Front 94

examples of secondary lesions : ruptured vesicle, scratch mark

Back 94

erosion

Front 95

examples of secondary lesions :: healed wound or surgical incision

Back 95

skin

Front 96

examples of secondary lesions : dandruff , dry skin

Back 96

scales

Front 97

examples of secondary lesions : stasis ulcer, pressure ulcer

Back 97

ulcer

Front 98

examples of secondary lesions : chapped hands lips, athletes foot

Back 98

fissure

Front 99

examples of secondary lesions :herpes , impetigo

Back 99

crust

Front 100

examples of secondary lesions : ear piercing, surgical incision

Back 100

keloid

Front 101

examples of secondary lesions : contact dermatitis

Back 101

lichenification