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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the sutures of the skull
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metoptic-in front of anterior fontanel
sagittal-posterior to anterior fontanel/separating parietal bones coronal suture-transverse suture on either side of anterior fontanelle lambdoid suture-transverse across posterior fontanelle |
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When does the anterior fontanelle close?
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12-14 mos of age
(as early as 9 mos) |
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When does the posterior fontanelle close?
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by 6 weeks to 2 mos
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Head lag is normal until what age?
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3-4 mos
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what is Macewan's sign?
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percussions of child's head with increased ICP reveals "cracked pot" sound
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what is caput succedaneum?
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subcutaneous edema over the presenting part of the head at delivery
usually over occiput and crosses suture lines |
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what is a cephalohematoma?
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subperiosteal collection of blood - bound by suture lines
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when does the lymphatic system mature?
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10-12 yrs
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what are some red flags re: lymph nodes
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non-mobile/fixed
>3cm solitary nodule rapid growth posterior cervical or supraclavicular |
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when is visual maturation achieved?
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12-13 yrs
vision malleable until 8-10 then conditions that affect early visual development cannot be corrected |
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how do you check visual acuity in young child?
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red reflex, blinking in response to bright light, tracking of objects
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how do you check visual acuity in older child?
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snellan (when achieves literacy) hotv, or tumbling E chart (pre kindergarten)
allen card (pics) 2-3 |
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What is vision like in the newborn?
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they are hyperopic (can see far better than close)
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What does the 6 cardinal fields of gaze test test?
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nystagmus
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What does the corneal light reflex test do?
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tests the balance of the extraoccular muscles- check if light show on both eyes at same place.
if failed do cover-uncover test |
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What is the cover/uncover test?
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looking for occular alignment- strabismus-after uncovering eye see if it movers
esotropia-eye looks inward toward nose exotropia-eye looks outward toward ear |
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What is leukocoria?
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white reflex
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For an otoscopic exam of ear in child <3-4 how do you position the pinna?
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down and back
older kids up and back |
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What does the red reflex show?
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clarity of posterior chamber of eye, receptivity to light and sensitivity of retina to light
means cataracts or retinoblastoma |
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What does the rinne and webber test do?
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assess bone and air conduction
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When do sinuses develop?
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maxillary 4
sphenoid 5 ethmoid- 6 frontal- 12 |
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how are tonsils graded?
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1 visible
2 half way btwn pillar and uvula 3 nearly touching uvula 4 touching eachother |
