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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
age related sensory defict
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hearing imparment, Vision Imparement
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How many older adults is expected in 2030 65 years and older
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70 mil
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ageism
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discrimination against old people
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What can be some communication barriers in older adults?
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Sensory deficts (hearing, Vision)physical barrieres poor fitted dentures nonfunctional hearing aids no vocal cords ashasia alzheimer emotional
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presbycusis
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age related progressive bilateral hearing loss affects 23% (65-70) 50% in 80+
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Ototoxicity
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damaging effect on the 8th crainal nerve of hearing and balance
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Assessing for hearing empairment
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tunning fork finger rub wisperingportabel audioscope
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presbyopia
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normal age related change in the lens of eye resulting in a fare sightness
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assessing for vision imparment
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evaluation by an optometrist
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compinsation for hearing loss
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speak clearly face patient ask nurse to hunt for ear wax make sure hearing aid workskeep your mouth in sight you can use your sethascope if the paitent is ok with it
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compinsation for vision loss
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dont move things around keep in samr place, eye glasses clean mark med caps with big bold letters explain procedures
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Cardiovascular system
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arterial walls stiffen, blood vessels lose elastin and smooth muscles fibers and gain collagen and calcium, lft ventricular diastolic function is reduced
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after age 20 what progressisively slows and by age 80 reduced by 50%
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ventricular diastolic filling
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reduction of pacemaker cells and Sa node as high as what %
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90%
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Aterial fib occuring in up to 5% of adults ___yrs +
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80
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____of all patient 70 years + have Ca+ deposits in the aortic or miteal valves
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1/3
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CHF doubles for each decade of life between
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45-75
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lft side hrt symptoms
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dyspnea orthopnea, possible nocternal dyspnea, cheyne stokes breathing, pale cool skin dysthythmias, fatigue, retlessness irritability, short attention span
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rt sided hrt failure
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edema, distened neck veins, cyanosis, dyspnea, dysrthmias, hepatomegaly, occasional ascites
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pulmonary system
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bronchi more rigged smooth muscel replaced with fibourouse connecttive tissue, alveolar septa gradually deteriorate, loss of alveolar walls, reduced surface area for gas exchange, cappilary memebrain thickens, lungs less elastic, chest wall stiffer, decreased lung compliance muscel weekness diaphram may be reduced by 75%
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Immunity
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decrease in celmediated immunity tb l
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immunosenscenc
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aging of the immune system
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Unusal persentation of illness
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what you see in some 1 40yrs and 80yrs might be diffrent
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Pneumonia
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cough fever and purulent sputum prodution can be subtle in older adults
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blood culters diagnostic yeilds only
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10-20%
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50% of paitents die from an MI are _____ yrs old
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75+
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Sings and sysptoms of an MI in older adults
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chest pain, elbow pain,syncope, confustion, weakness, fatigue, restlessness dizzines
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If an elder paitent complains of dizziness they should suspect
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heart problems
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cough and wheezing may indicateearly
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lft side heart failure
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Asthma
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5% of adults 60yrs and 7-9% of adults 70+ and is underdiagnosed
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Vitals Temps
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older adults usaly have lower temps older than 90 temps were 96-97
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pulse
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heart rate may decrease to 50-55
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isolated sysolic hypertension (ISH)
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elevation of only the systolic pressure
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pseudohypertension
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an overestimated bpwho have elivated systolic pressure
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how long should you ask the the patient to sit quitely before taking bp
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3-5min
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respitory rate
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ranges 16-25bpm
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cyanosis
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raynauds phenomenon innter cyanosis
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skin turgor
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loss of subcuntanious fat, waterloss of elastin
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What way do we look for dyhdration in an older adult
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toung
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edema
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check lower extermitiesfor swelling and watch for weigh gain of 2 lbs in a day or 5lbs in a week
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JVD
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can also look at liver by pressing on it hepatojugular refux or distention (rt heart failure)
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audibel splitting of the heart sounds in about
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30-40% S2 and S3 is indicictive of ventricular disease
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S4
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CHF or recent MI
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Heart murmurs
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50% arortic valve
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90% of heart murmors are found with
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infective endocarditis
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Gas exchange
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loose 30% of RV and by age 70 loos 70% of RV
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Pao2
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Declines with age tell 75 then riase
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Pao2 age 70
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83
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Pao2 declines study
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0.245 per year 18-80
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pulse ox
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should be above 93% to 94%
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PFT
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Women 10% lower than men reduction is about2.03ml min a yr after age 25
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increased lab values
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glucose cholesteral triglycerides uric acid fibringen copper nerepinepherine prostrate specific antigen k+
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decreased labs
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creatine clearance albumin ca+iron phoshorus zinc b6 12 and c
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ADL
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Activivtys og daily living
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65 and older what % lives in rest homes
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5%
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Communicating with older adults is which of the following
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Time consuming task if done approperatly
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Which of the following statementsmight reflect an agesit statement
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most older adults are sick and frail
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Which of the following meds might be percipitate ototoxicity
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Asprin
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Normal age related restructuring of the heart results in an enlarged ---------- ventricular hart wall
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lft
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Typical systoms of rt side heart failure includde all of the following
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Cheyne stokes breathing
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wich of the following is not an age related pulonary change
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increse lung compliance
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Blunted cell mediated immunity in older adults is 1 factor in the increased inidents of which of the following
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TB
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list 4 atypical Heart Systems
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Back pain Elbo pain should pain jaw pain nausia
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A 90 yr is addmitted with pneumonia What would you exspect with most older adults
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An increased rate
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Which of the following is the defintion of pulse pressure
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The diffrence between the systolic and the dyostolic
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Syncope assosicated with standing up quickly may be the result of
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pulmonary hypertention
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Which of the following is an abnormal heart sound in older with early sounds of CHF
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S3
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Which serum value may decrease as a result of the normal aging process
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CA+
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Which of the followingactivities would be classified as an IADL
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getting dressed
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what is the estamated Pao2 of a 74yr
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87.2mmhg
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A normal spo2 in a healthy adult should be
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94
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lower systolic bp in adults will do
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reduce the risk of stroke
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Ageism is defined as
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A discriminatory attitude against older adults
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