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73 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
age related sensory defict
hearing imparment, Vision Imparement
How many older adults is expected in 2030 65 years and older
70 mil
ageism
discrimination against old people
What can be some communication barriers in older adults?
Sensory deficts (hearing, Vision)physical barrieres poor fitted dentures nonfunctional hearing aids no vocal cords ashasia alzheimer emotional
presbycusis
age related progressive bilateral hearing loss affects 23% (65-70) 50% in 80+
Ototoxicity
damaging effect on the 8th crainal nerve of hearing and balance
Assessing for hearing empairment
tunning fork finger rub wisperingportabel audioscope
presbyopia
normal age related change in the lens of eye resulting in a fare sightness
assessing for vision imparment
evaluation by an optometrist
compinsation for hearing loss
speak clearly face patient ask nurse to hunt for ear wax make sure hearing aid workskeep your mouth in sight you can use your sethascope if the paitent is ok with it
compinsation for vision loss
dont move things around keep in samr place, eye glasses clean mark med caps with big bold letters explain procedures
Cardiovascular system
arterial walls stiffen, blood vessels lose elastin and smooth muscles fibers and gain collagen and calcium, lft ventricular diastolic function is reduced
after age 20 what progressisively slows and by age 80 reduced by 50%
ventricular diastolic filling
reduction of pacemaker cells and Sa node as high as what %
90%
Aterial fib occuring in up to 5% of adults ___yrs +
80
____of all patient 70 years + have Ca+ deposits in the aortic or miteal valves
1/3
CHF doubles for each decade of life between
45-75
lft side hrt symptoms
dyspnea orthopnea, possible nocternal dyspnea, cheyne stokes breathing, pale cool skin dysthythmias, fatigue, retlessness irritability, short attention span
rt sided hrt failure
edema, distened neck veins, cyanosis, dyspnea, dysrthmias, hepatomegaly, occasional ascites
pulmonary system
bronchi more rigged smooth muscel replaced with fibourouse connecttive tissue, alveolar septa gradually deteriorate, loss of alveolar walls, reduced surface area for gas exchange, cappilary memebrain thickens, lungs less elastic, chest wall stiffer, decreased lung compliance muscel weekness diaphram may be reduced by 75%
Immunity
decrease in celmediated immunity tb l
immunosenscenc
aging of the immune system
Unusal persentation of illness
what you see in some 1 40yrs and 80yrs might be diffrent
Pneumonia
cough fever and purulent sputum prodution can be subtle in older adults
blood culters diagnostic yeilds only
10-20%
50% of paitents die from an MI are _____ yrs old
75+
Sings and sysptoms of an MI in older adults
chest pain, elbow pain,syncope, confustion, weakness, fatigue, restlessness dizzines
If an elder paitent complains of dizziness they should suspect
heart problems
cough and wheezing may indicateearly
lft side heart failure
Asthma
5% of adults 60yrs and 7-9% of adults 70+ and is underdiagnosed
Vitals Temps
older adults usaly have lower temps older than 90 temps were 96-97
pulse
heart rate may decrease to 50-55
isolated sysolic hypertension (ISH)
elevation of only the systolic pressure
pseudohypertension
an overestimated bpwho have elivated systolic pressure
how long should you ask the the patient to sit quitely before taking bp
3-5min
respitory rate
ranges 16-25bpm
cyanosis
raynauds phenomenon innter cyanosis
skin turgor
loss of subcuntanious fat, waterloss of elastin
What way do we look for dyhdration in an older adult
toung
edema
check lower extermitiesfor swelling and watch for weigh gain of 2 lbs in a day or 5lbs in a week
JVD
can also look at liver by pressing on it hepatojugular refux or distention (rt heart failure)
audibel splitting of the heart sounds in about
30-40% S2 and S3 is indicictive of ventricular disease
S4
CHF or recent MI
Heart murmurs
50% arortic valve
90% of heart murmors are found with
infective endocarditis
Gas exchange
loose 30% of RV and by age 70 loos 70% of RV
Pao2
Declines with age tell 75 then riase
Pao2 age 70
83
Pao2 declines study
0.245 per year 18-80
pulse ox
should be above 93% to 94%
PFT
Women 10% lower than men reduction is about2.03ml min a yr after age 25
increased lab values
glucose cholesteral triglycerides uric acid fibringen copper nerepinepherine prostrate specific antigen k+
decreased labs
creatine clearance albumin ca+iron phoshorus zinc b6 12 and c
ADL
Activivtys og daily living
65 and older what % lives in rest homes
5%
Communicating with older adults is which of the following
Time consuming task if done approperatly
Which of the following statementsmight reflect an agesit statement
most older adults are sick and frail
Which of the following meds might be percipitate ototoxicity
Asprin
Normal age related restructuring of the heart results in an enlarged ---------- ventricular hart wall
lft
Typical systoms of rt side heart failure includde all of the following
Cheyne stokes breathing
wich of the following is not an age related pulonary change
increse lung compliance
Blunted cell mediated immunity in older adults is 1 factor in the increased inidents of which of the following
TB
list 4 atypical Heart Systems
Back pain Elbo pain should pain jaw pain nausia
A 90 yr is addmitted with pneumonia What would you exspect with most older adults
An increased rate
Which of the following is the defintion of pulse pressure
The diffrence between the systolic and the dyostolic
Syncope assosicated with standing up quickly may be the result of
pulmonary hypertention
Which of the following is an abnormal heart sound in older with early sounds of CHF
S3
Which serum value may decrease as a result of the normal aging process
CA+
Which of the followingactivities would be classified as an IADL
getting dressed
what is the estamated Pao2 of a 74yr
87.2mmhg
A normal spo2 in a healthy adult should be
94
lower systolic bp in adults will do
reduce the risk of stroke
Ageism is defined as
A discriminatory attitude against older adults