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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stimulation of alpha-1 R
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VC --> increased PVR --> increased BP
Mydriasis Increased internal bladder sphincter tone |
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Stimulation of alpha-2 R
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Decreased NE release
Decreased insulin release |
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Stimulation beta-1 R
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Tachycardia
Increased cardiac contractility Increased lipolysis |
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Stimulation beta-2 R
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VD
(sm decrease PVR) Bronchodilation Increased GNG Increases glycogen release Relaxes uterus |
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Stimulation D1 R
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Renal & mesenteric VD
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Stimulation D2 R
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Decreased NE release
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SE alpha blockers
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Orthohypotension
Reflex tachycardia Vertigo Decreased ejaculation |
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Use of phentolamine (MOA)
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HTN crisis
Dx pheochromocytoma (non-selective alpha blocker) |
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Use Prazosin & Terazosin (MOA)
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HTN
BPH (alpha-1 blocker) |
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MOA Clonidine
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Central alpha-2 agonist --> decreased SNS outflow
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Use clonidine
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HTN from opiate or BDZ WD
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Use beta-blockers
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Migraine prophylaxis
Glaucoma |
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Who do you not use beta blocker in (esp. Beta-2 blocker)
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Anyone w/ bronchoconstrictive problems (asthma)
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Beta-2 agonists? use?
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Albuterol & Terbutaline
Bronchodilation Decrease premature uterine contraction |
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MOA Dopamine
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Vasopressor --> increase BP
VD of renal & mesenteric a. Some B-1 stimulation - increase CO |
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MOA Reserpine
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Prevents NE & dopamine from getting packaged into vesicles
(used for HTN) |
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MOA Guanethidine
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Same as for reserpine but also prevents NE release from already stored NE
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SE Guanethidine
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Decreased male sexual function
Orthostatic hypotension |
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What are the cholinesterase inhibitors
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Physostigmine
Neostigmine (duration 2-4 hr) Edrophonium - duration 10-20 m |
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Use physostigmine & neostigmine
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Myasthenia gravis
P - OD w/ TCA & atropine |
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SE neostigmine
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Spastic paralysis
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Use edrophonium
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Dx myasthenia gravis
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Antidote for edrophonium
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Atropine
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SE edrophonium
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Cholinergic crisis
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Antidote for organophosphates
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Atropine
2-PAM (pralidoxime) |
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SE direct cholinergic agents
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Diaphoresis
Flushing Increased urinary urgency N/D |
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Use Bethanechol
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Atonic bladder
(esp. postpartum) |
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Use pilocarpine
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Acute angle glaucoma (causes miosis)
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Use carbachol
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Glaucoma
(very long duration & high potency) |
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Use Atropine
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Reversal bradycardia
Hyperactive bladder Mydriasis Focusing for near vision |
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SE atropine
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Urinary retention
Dry mouth Blurred vision "sandy" eyes Tachycardia Constipation Confusion Glaucoma attack |
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MOA atropine
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Central & peripheral M blocker
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MOA scopolamine
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Central M blocker
(duration greater than atropine, block short term memory) |
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Use scopolamine
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Motion sickness
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SE scopolamine
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LD - sedation
HD - excitement |
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Use antinicotinic drugs
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Surgery
(complete muscle relaxation) |
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MOA tubocurarine
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non-depol competitive blocker
(small, rapid m. first then lgr ones --> diaphragm) |
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Antidotes for antinicotinic drugs
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Neostigmine or Edrophonium
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SE Pancuronium
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vagolysis
(resultant dangerous tachycardia) |
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Use succinylcholine
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Rapid ET intubation
Electroconvulsive shock tx Surgery |
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SE of succinylchoine
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Apnea
Risk for malignant hyperthermia (esp. if given w/ halothane) |
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Tx malignant hyperthermia
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Dantrolene
(blocks Ca release from SR) |
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Where are type I nicotinic channels
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SNS & PNS ganglia
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Where are type II nicotinic channels
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Skeletal m.
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Where are M1 R
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ANS ganglia
Brain Gastric parietal Vascular smooth m. |
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Where are M2 R
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Heart
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Where are M3 R
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Glands
Bronchial smooth m. |
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Where are M4 & M5 R
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CNS
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MOA M1, 3, 5 R
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Stimulate phospholipase C --> IP3 & DAG --> increased intracellular Ca
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MOA M2 & M4 R
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Inhibit AC --> decreasing cAMP --> K out & Na in
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MOA Beta R
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Stimulate AC
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MOA alpha 1 R
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Stimulate PLC --> increased DAG & IP3
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MOA alpha 2 R
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Inhibits AC
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SE estrogen therapy
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N/V
Increased risk endometrial hyperplasia --> endometrial carcinoma |
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SE Progesterone tx
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Wt gain (edema & fat)
Depression Hirsutism Increase LDL:HDL ratio Acne Irregular bleeding |
