Asian/black Relations In Us Midterm

Front 1

Salad Bowl

Back 1

separate groups that come to America and stay separate but mix

Front 2

melting pot

Back 2

- groups don't stay separate but rather become "American"
- popular in '60s and '70s
- did not work because ethnic groups that came to America that were not European because they could not, did not want to, or were not allowed to "melt"
-J. Hector St.John de Crevecour
- really only encompassed europeans

Front 3

What code words were used in the '90s instead of race?

Back 3

Ethnicity and Culture

Front 4

Multiculturalism

Back 4

- Everybody is separate but equal
- respect all backgrounds
-1990s

Front 5

Colorblind Ideologue

Back 5

- popular in the early 21st cent.
- a refusal to acknowledge race

Front 6

Post Race Ideology

Back 6

- The present dominant thought
- it's a post-Obama reaction = if Obama could be elected, then race is clearly no longer an issue

Front 7

Parts of Modern-Day Racism

Back 7

- more covert and internalized
- language matters
- obsession with political correctness
- racism has to do with the way we think and the way we act
- has the power to effect life chances of a group
- being in a position has the power to insight racism etc.
- racism is not an individual thing but more of a groups position within in this case the US
- how the way we interact gets internalized by others

Front 8

Race as a social construct

Back 8

- refuting the science of race
- Supposes that race is created by humans
- race constitutes a part of the whole social fabric (gender and class relations)
- systems surrounding race change quickly, as opposed to slavery
- races are constructed AGAINST one another but not in isolation

Front 9

Race is made through the process of _________

Back 9

Racialization

Front 10

Racialization

Back 10

the process through which humans come to attach certain meanings to certain looks or phenotypes that group people

Front 11

Hegemonic ideas

Back 11

ideas created by elite that justify the position of power

Front 12

scientific racism

Back 12

outside characteristics of a person that tells us about inner characteristics

Front 13

name 2 19th and 20th cent. psuedo scientific theories concerning race

Back 13

social darwinism and eugenics

Front 14

when did the race concept begin in the US?

Back 14

18th cent. (was imported from Europe)

Front 15

In what year did the first slaves come to the US?

Back 15

1619

Front 16

what is the biologisation of xenophobia

Back 16

racism

Front 17

cosmopolitanism

Back 17

united world culture that acknowledges differences btwn people

Front 18

Vasco Da Gama

Back 18

-Portogeuse explorer
- 1498 Indian Ocean
- entrance into the Indian Ocean world initiated the transformation from xenophobia to racism

Front 19

Iberian Inquisition

Back 19

aka spanish inquisition

1st instance of prejudice based on a biological quality (did blood tests)

Front 20

Francois Bernier

Back 20

- created 1st racial divisions based on physical traits, geography, and skin color

Front 21

Linneaus and Blumenbach

Back 21

Africans from apes
(built onto Bernier's system)

Front 22

progression of the word "savage"

Back 22

wild nature and uncultivated --> human degree 0 --> noble savage --> people w/out history --> absences --> inner wildness --> wild and primitive in a good way (but negative images persist)

Front 23

supposed stages of social development in the colonial era

Back 23

primitive --> savage --> barbaric --> civilized

Front 24

Polygenesis

Back 24

multiple creations of human beings

Front 25

geographic determinism

Back 25

conflation of human differentiation with environment (place and climate)

Front 26

1870 Chinese exclusion

Back 26

Congress extended right to naturalize aliens of African descent but denied the right to CHinese because of their undesirable qualities

Front 27

Page Law (1875)

Back 27

prohibited importation of Chinese women for immoral purposes

Front 28

1882 Chinese Exclusion

Back 28

May 6, 1882 - excluded Chinese laborers for 10 years, laborers couldn't bring wives and families

Front 29

Scott Act

Back 29

(1888) Chinese laborers who left the US could not return

Front 30

Geary Act

Back 30

(1892) required Chinese to register themselves - those who didnt register were deportable

Front 31

1904 Chinese Exclusion

Back 31

China declined to renew their end of the treaty that accepted the Geary Act and Congress enacted the Chinese exclusion laws indefinitely

Front 32

Treaty of peace and Amity

Back 32

(1854) Japan agreed to open doors to foreign trade

Front 33

Sino Japanese War of 1895

Back 33

along w/the russo-japanese war of 1905 established Japan as a power and a threat

Front 34

1907 Gentlemen's Agreement

Back 34

Japan and US agree to work together to slow down immigration

Front 35

Anti-Japanese rioting result in San Francisco (1906)

Back 35

Japanese Students ordered to attend segregated schools

Front 36

Alien Land Law

Back 36

(1913) prevented Japanese from ownng land

Front 37

Japanese immigrants initially immigrated to___

Back 37

Hawaii

Front 38

Chinese immigrants initially immigrated to____

Back 38

California

Front 39

Immigration act of 1924

Back 39

was based on the assu,ed racial superiority of Anglo-Saxons

Front 40

Tydings McDuffie Act

Back 40

Phillipines were only granted half of the minority quota that Chinese and Japanese were

Front 41

1965 Immigration Act

Back 41

no more triangle

Front 42

Model minority myth/ boot strap theory

Back 42

if you try hard, you can make it aka self help

Front 43

Carlos Linneaus

Back 43

transformed raciology with scientific classification

Front 44

Johann Friedrich Blumenbach

Back 44

physical anthropology and linked Africans from apes

Front 45

The "Margin" (bell hooks)

Back 45

- to be in the margin is to be a part of the whole but outside the main body
- the margin is a space of refusal

Front 46

How was status determined at the time of slavery

Back 46

through the maternal line

Front 47

The Burden of Proof

Back 47

blacks had to prove they had a free ancestor and were assumed slaves, but whites and indians were assumed free unless someone proved otherwise

Front 48

Orientalism

Back 48

- a way of coming to terms w/ the orient based on the orient's special place in European Western Experience
- a style of thought based on distinction between the orient and the occident
- the image of the orient expressed as an entire system of thought and scholarship

Front 49

Orient

Back 49

- home to Europe's greatest, richest, and oldest colonies
- helped to define the West by being its opposite
- a system of representations framed by political forces that brought the orient into western culture
- constructed by and in relation to the west
- viewed as alien and inferior

Front 50

The Oriental

Back 50

a person represented by the orient (man = feminine and weak, but poses a threat to whites, woman = eager to be dominated and exotic)

Front 51

Latent Orientalism

Back 51

certainty of what the orient is, static and unanimous- the orient is separate, backwards, and passive, it has a tendency away from progress and towards despotism

Front 52

Manifest Orientalism

Back 52

expression of latent orientalism in terms of words, actions, and policies

Front 53

How do Asian Americans frame Black people?

Back 53

have a racist and sexist anxiety about Black people, more specifically Black men. They make the Black man hyper-sexual and try to emulate this image. They see Blacks as loud, aggressive, physically and politically threatening, and have this idea of Blacks attacking Asians. Think that Blacks have political power, and thus the same power as Whites to be racist. Feel the need to chastise Blacks in order to claim their own plight.

Front 54

How do Asian Americans see themselves?

Back 54

As vulnerable and Weak

Front 55

Neo-Conservatism

Back 55

wants to end talks of racial plight and is thus effectively anti-Black

Front 56

Doldrums

Back 56

European sailors who decided to sail with the current and thus ended up in South America instead of India

Front 57

Barbarians

Back 57

- either don't have language or don't have the "science" of language
- people not under law

Front 58

Mlecha

Back 58

Impure, one who does not conform to Aryan ways

Front 59

Tokugawa Period

Back 59

Japan in 1603-1867

Front 60

Yabanin

Back 60

Wild Person in the Tokugawa Period, anyone who was Christian, worker/peasant, or missionary

Front 61

Zheng He

Back 61

Chinese Explorer brought "Africa to China"

Front 62

Boboli

Back 62

African Culture

Front 63

al-Mas'udi

Back 63

Arab trader who brought the importance elephant trunk trade from zanzibar to China and India

Front 64

Varna

Back 64

Indian Classification System
(Brahmin--> Kshatriya --> Vaishya --> Sundra)

It did have racial connotations, but was based on political power and economic standings more so. The British were the ones that attached race to it.

Front 65

From when to when did the African Slave Trade last?

Back 65

15th to 19th cent.

Front 66

Chinese tribes had colors associated with them, what were they?

Back 66

White = West
Black = North
Red = East
Blue/Green = South
Yellow = Center

Front 67

Miscengenation

Back 67

interracial marriage

Front 68

Aryan Myth

Back 68

Asians and Caucasians were of the same race. It was more anti-semitic than anything else. Aryan race = Northern Africa and the Dravidan Race = Southern Africa and India

Front 69

Herbert Spencer

Back 69

Survival of the fittest theory, translation of his theory bred racism in Asia

Front 70

Zu

Back 70

Chinese for family, but right-wing Chinese thinkers thought of it as a race of those descending from the Yellow Emperor

Front 71

Berlin Conference of 1884

Back 71

Regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period,

Front 72

Pacific Movement of The Eastern World (PMEW)
Society For The Development of Our Own (SDOO)

Back 72

Alliance against white supremacy

Front 73

Sen Katayama

Back 73

founded US Communist Party- solidarity w/Black Community - racialism and socialism with an awareness of racial domination

Front 74

Angel Island

Back 74

Main port of entry for Asians from 1910-1940

Front 75

Naturalization Act of 1790

Back 75

restricted admission to the US to free white persons- was eventually modified in 1870 to include persons of African Nativity or descent and in 1943 to include Chinese nationals (in 1952 racial criterion for citizenship was eliminated)

Front 76

Greek representations of Asians

Back 76

- Feminine men and erotic women
- cruel men and martial women

Front 77

Savage

Back 77

-derived from silva meaning woor or forest
- untamed
- a person belonging to a primitive society
- a rude or unmannerly person
- between cultivated and uncultivated land (aka nature)
- not between town and country
- by the 19th cent. they used it in reference to Africa

Front 78

Michel de Montaigne and "Des Cannibales"

Back 78

basically portrayed Indians in a positive light

Front 79

European Cultural relativism

Back 79

cultural self-criticism

Front 80

Thomas Hobbes

Back 80

Nature is war against all

Front 81

John Locke

Back 81

- natural law = all mankind is equal
- america = wilderness
- opposed slavery, but invested in it
- classified Indians as children because of lack of exposure and education

Front 82

The Good Savage

Back 82

-bon savage
- seen like children because of lack of edu. and exposure
- a criticism of feudalism and absolutism

Front 83

Rousseau

Back 83

state of nature is a blank slate
savage = human degree zero

Front 84

Noble Savage

Back 84

has Aristocratic overtones but is essentially a good savage

Front 85

GWF Hegal

Back 85

Africa is not part of the historical world, it does not show movement or development

Front 86

Stages of Evolution

Back 86

Primitivism (European contemporary ancestors) --> Savagery (the instinctive and unconscious) --> Barabarism --> Civilization

Front 87

The Great Chain of Being

Back 87

Aristotle - hierarchal ordering of organisms

Front 88

The Curse of Canaan

Back 88

Noah curses his son, Ham, because he fails to cover him. So he curses his son Canaan and his lineage for eternity with slavery.

Front 89

Naturalization Law of 1890

Back 89

only the worthy part of mankind would be encouraged to settle and allowed to become citizens (explicitly linked race and republican nationality)

Front 90

Alexis de Tocqueville

Back 90

Indians refused to conform to white civilization but blacks were forcibly torn from their culture

Front 91

1834 Philadelphia - what happened?

Back 91

White mob assaulted black community in an effort to get them to leave

Front 92

Wilmot Proviso

Back 92

1846- prohibited slavery in territories acquired from Mexico (both anti-black and anti-slavery in effect)

Front 93

Free Soil Party

Back 93

created to check expansion of slavery for free labor and white men

Front 94

Diff. btwn Douglas and Delany

Back 94

Douglas = abolitionist
Delany = separatist (return to Africa movement)

Front 95

CA Miners Tax

Back 95

1850 - attempted to get rid of latino miners

Front 96

Laundry Law (San Francisco 1880)

Back 96

persons could not operate a laundry in a wooden building without a permit from the Board of Supervisors. The ordinance conferred upon the Board of Supervisors the discretion to grant or withhold the permits. At the time, about 95% of the city's 320 laundries were operated in wooden buildings. Approximately two-thirds of those laundries were owned by Chinese persons. Although most of the city's wooden building laundry owners applied for a permit, none were granted to any Chinese owner, while only one out of approximately eighty non-Chinese applicants was denied a permit.

Front 97

1965 immigration law

Back 97

abolished immigration act of 1924

Front 98

Immigration Act of 1924

Back 98

limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890, The Act barred specific origins from the Asia-Pacific Triangle,

Front 99

Asia-Pacific Triangle

Back 99

The Act barred specific origins from the Asia-Pacific Triangle, which included Japan, China, the Philippines (then under U.S. control), Siam (Thailand), French Indochina (Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia), Singapore (then a British colony), Korea, Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), Burma (Myanmar), India, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and Malaysia.[7]