Ashli's Social Study - Chapter 5 - Civil War

Front 1

free state

Back 1

a state that did not permit slavery

<-> slave state

Front 2

slave state

Back 2

a state that permitted slavery

<-> free state

Front 3

Missouri Compromise

Back 3

1) 1820

2) before it, there were 22 states in the Union (11 free, 11 slave). Missouri wanted to enter the Union as the 23rd state (a slave state). to keep the same number of slave and free states, Missouri entered the Union with Maine (a free state).

Front 4

Mississippi Colonization Society

Back 4

1831 formed

a group of Mississipians decided to support the American Colonization Society (formed in 1817) which wanted slaves to be freed and sent back to Africa to a place called Liberia in West Africa.

Front 5

states' rights

Back 5

the right of each state to make its own rules

<-> federal rights

Front 6

tariff

Back 6

a tax on imported goods to protect domestic products

Front 7

Nullification Crisis

Back 7

1833

South Carolina challenged a federal tariff created in 1832, because it felt that state rights were more important than Federal rights

Front 8

Compromise of 1850

Back 8

1850

problem = after Mexican War of 1846, U.S. acquired land but did not know if it should have slavery.

solution = California allowed into Union as a free state, and slavery in new western territories would be determined by popular sovereignty (a vote of the people living in those places)

Front 9

Republican party

Back 9

formed in 1854 to oppose the expansion of slavery

Front 10

secession

Back 10

withdrawal of a state from the Union

Front 11

the Louisiana Purchase

Back 11

1803

Pres. Thomas Jefferson bought a huge area of land west of the Mississippi River from France

Front 12

importation of slaves into U.S. prohibited

Back 12

1809

Front 13

Liberia

Back 13

a West African nation created for freed U.S. slaves to return back to Africa

Front 14

John C. Calhoun

Back 14

1) Vice Pres. Of the U.S. during the Nullification Crisis of 1833

2) wrote that a state could nullify a federal law (used to protect slavery)

Front 15

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 15

1) 1854

2) permitted people of Kansas to decide about slavery in that state. (Kansas at the time was a free state, so this created outrage.

3) led to the Border War (“Bleeding Kansas”) = a civil war in Kansas between pro-slavery and anti-slavery Kansas people

Front 16

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 16

1) 1862
2) Pres. Lincoln declared that on Jan. 1, 1863 all slaves only in the Confederacy (slaves in the Union were still not free)

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Dred Scott decision

Back 17

1) 1857
2) U.S. Supreme Court rule that slavery could not be barred from the tnew territories. The Republican Party (created in 1854 to oppose the expansion of slavery) refused to accept this

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John Brown

Back 18

in 1859 led a raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia to try and provoke a slave rebellion. It failed and he was captured.

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Election of 1860

Back 19

1) Lincoln won
2) candidates = Abraham Lincoln, John C. Breckinridge, John Bell, Stephen Douglas

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Jefferson Davis

Back 20

elected as President of the Confederacy

Front 21

Confederate States of America

Back 21

1) aka the Confederacy
2) Formed by: 1st group in Alabama in February 1861 (S. Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Texas)
2nd group = Virginia, N. Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas (following attack of Fort Sumter)
3) 1st capital = Montgomery, 2nd capital = Richmond

Front 22

Attack of Fort Sumter

Back 22

1) April 1861
2) Fort Sumter located in harbor of Charleston, SC
3) Controlled by U.S. troops, but attacked by the Confederacy → start of Civil War

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Battle of Vicksburg

Back 23

1) 6-week siege which ended on July 4, 1863 fell to the Union’s Gen. Ulysses S. Grant

2) Occupied high ground, so it was very valuable strategically for controlling the Mississippi River

Front 24

13th Ammendment to the U.S. Constitution

Back 24

1) Dec 1865

2) abolished slavery