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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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class of disinfectant:
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PHENOLS
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members of this group
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lysol, hexol, septisol, hexachlorophene
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common used in the clinic
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not commonly used
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important characteristics
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disinfectant only
must rinse cages and runs thoroughly before reintroducing animals |
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precautions
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highly toxic to cats
highly irritating to tissue: causes irritation on contact. |
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class of disinfectant:
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ALCOHOLS
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members of this group
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70% isopropyl alcohol
most commonly used. 40% ethyl alcohol booze= 80 proof = 40% Methyl alcohol = wood alcohol |
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common uses in the clinic
70% isopropyl alcohol |
70% isopropyl alcohol:
common antiseptic on intact skin A disinfectant used in thermometer holders. Used to "swipe" skin before an injection Used as a rinse when performing a surgical scrub on a patient. Used to wet down the hair of animals to better visulize veins. Sometimes applied over large areas to help cool an overheated patient down. |
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common used in the clinic
Wood alcohol |
fixing blood smears onto microscope slides
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Important Characteristics:
70% isopropyl alcohol |
inactived by organic debrea.
Compatible with soaps and detergants Must have 1-2 mins. contact time to be effective. denatures, cooks 'proteins' Contraindicated for use on broken skin Evaporates leaving no residue. Evaporation cools the body Removes skin oil, helps clean the skin, helps tape stick. Activity enhanced by Iodine and Quaternary ammonium compounds. |
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Percautions
70% isopropyl alcohol |
highly irritating to open wounds.
Can be drying to the skin Flammible. |
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Percautions
wood alcohol |
Highly toxic
Can cause blindness if ingested. |
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Class of dininfectant:
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Quaternary Ammonium compounds (quats)
n-alkyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride |
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members of this group
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Roccal-Plus
Benzalkonium Chloride (Benz-All Parvosol HDQ |
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common uses in the clinic
Benz-All |
Benz-All is a popular cold pack disinfectant solution that contains a rust inhibitor.
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important characteristics
Benz-All |
supplied highly concerntrated.
Must use proper dilution or can be irritating, toxic and expensive. |
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important characteristics
Quats in general |
must use proper dilution or can be irritation, toxic and expensive.
Inactiviated by organic debris (sanitize prior to application) toxic to cats (rinse well and caution not to leave any puddles of solution in cages) Activity enhanced by alcohol. |
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Precautions
Quats in general |
toxic to cats (rinse well and caution not to leave any puddles of solution in cages
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Class of disinfectant:
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HALOGENS
one of two |
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Members of this group
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Chlorine compound
5% sodium Hypochlorite=household bleach(Chlorox) Also called a stock solution |
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common used in the clinic
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primarily used as a disinfectant
as an antiseptic on intact skin |
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important characteristics
viruses it can kill |
Requires several minutes of contact to be effective.
Kills a large number of organisms: notably - PARVOVIRUS, FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS, HUMAN PATHOGENS LIKE HIV AND HEP B. |
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important characteristics
how it is used 1:32 dilution |
1:32=1 oz bleach:32oz H2O
= 1oz:1 qt = 30 cc 1qt = 120 cc: 1 gal = 4oz:1 gal |
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common conversion factors
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1 oz = 30 cc
8 oz = 1 cup 2 cups = 1 pt 2 pts = 1 qt 4 qt = 1 gal 1 qt = 32oz 1 gal = 128 oz |
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precautions
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bleaches fabric and full strength solution will destroy fabric
will corrode metal vapors are irritation and the solution can irritate skin (good ventilation and rinse well) Is inhibited by organic matter. |
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Class of Disinfectant
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HALOGENS
two of two |
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member of this group
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Iodine (I2) and
Iodophor (organic Iodine - an anion) compounds (iodide 4 The most common iodophor is Povidone-Iodine = Betadyne |
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common used in the clinic
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Amoung the best and widely used topical and internal antiseptics
Used at a 10% dilution for irrigation of tissue used at a 10% dilution on intact tissue as a scrub Used full strenth but w/soap present as a surgical scrub soap. |
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important characteristics
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Iodide ion (I-) is the active component of both Iodine and Iodophor.
Iodine alone is usually combined with Isopropyl alcohol to produce Tincture of Iodine. Iodide combined with an organic molecule is called an Iodophor which releases I- when applied |
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important characteristics
how is it enhanced |
enhanced by alcohol (tincture of iodine/surgical scrub = a povidon-iodine scrub followed by an isopropyl alcohol rinse and finally a povidone-iodine spray.
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Important characteristics:
Iodine(i2) and Iodophor (organic Iodide) compounds |
`Compatible with soaps and detergents.
In solution used as a 10% povidone-iodine solution. Full strenth usually with soap, used as a surgical scrub. Potenciated by alcohol. |
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important characteristic
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excellent residual activity - inactiviated by organic material
Corrosive to metal (don't use in cold packs) Concentrated solution are damaging to tissue. 10% is a common dilution for irrigation of tissue. |
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precautions
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Cats are especially sensitive to povidone-iodine compounds.
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Class of disinfectant
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Biguandides
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member of this group
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chlorhexidine (nolvasan)
blue in color |
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common used in the clinic
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common antiseptic
common disinfectant common dilution for use in vet hospitals is 1:40 |
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important characteristics
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lower tissue irritation v.s. povidone-iodine compounds.
Less inhibited by organic debris v.s. povidone-iodine compounds. Not corrosive to metal (can be used in cold packs) compativle with soaps and detergents. Excellent residual activity |
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class of disinfectant
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miscellanious chemicals
3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) |
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memeber of this group
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33 hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
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common uses in the clinic
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used diluted 1:5 as a wound irrigate, removes debris and moreso BLOOD from open wounds.
Most common use is to remove blood from clothing and patients fur and skin. |
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important characteristics
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concentrated solution (3%) is quite harsh on tissue.
Do not flush with this and H2O together, can push bacteria deeper into the wound. |
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dilutions for 3% hydrogen peroxide
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dilue to 20% (1 part 3% H2O2 to 4 parts water = 1 part in every five.
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percautions
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do not use in closed wounds such as puncture wounds.
do not flush in combination with water. do not use in abscess flush |
