Ascp Microorganism Stains

Front 1

What are the names of the acid-fast stains?

Back 1

-Kinyoun

-Fite

-Ziehl-Neelsen

-Auramine-rhodamine

Front 2

What is the genus name for the bacteria identified with acid-fast stains?

Back 2

Mycobacteria

Front 3

What color signifies a positive result for acid-fast?

Back 3

red

Front 4

What stain is responsible for staining leprosy organisms?

Back 4

Fite acid-fast stain

Front 5

What color is the background stained with acid-fast stains?

Back 5

blue

Front 6

What are the steps of the acid-fast stain?

Back 6

-carbol fuchsin

-wash well with running water

-differentiate with acid alcohol

-wash with running water

-counterstain in methylene blue

-rinse with water, dehydrate and coverslip

Front 7

What does the Gram stain differentiate between?

Back 7

gram postiive and gram negative organisms

Front 8

What step must be added to the fite acid-fast stain?

Back 8

tissue must be placed in xylene-peanut oil solution to deparaffinize in order to protect the leprosy capsule

Front 9

If one overstains with the methylene blue counterstain in acid-fast stains, how can the excess color be removed?

Back 9

differentiate in 95% alcohol or decolorize in acid-alcohol and restain

Front 10

What color do gram positive organisms stain with the Gram stain?

Back 10

blue or violet

Front 11

What color do gram negative organisms stain with the Gram stain?

Back 11

red

Front 12

What are the steps of the Gram stain?

Back 12

-Crystal violet

-Gram's iodine

-Safranin or basic fuchsin

Front 13

What stains are used to detect H. pylori?

Back 13

-Diff quick

-Giemsa

-Alcian yellow/toluidine blue

-Steiner

Front 14

What stains are used to detect spirochetes?

Back 14

-Steiner

-Warthin-Starry

Front 15

What stains detect fungi?

Back 15

-Grocott's methenamine silver-nitrate

-PAS with green

Front 16

What color does H. pylori stain with the Diff quick stain?

Back 16

blue/violet

Front 17

What color is a positive result for H. pylori with the Giemsa stain?

Back 17

dark blue

Front 18

What color does H. pylori stain with Steiner?

Back 18

black

Front 19

What color do spirochetes stain?

Back 19

black

Front 20

In the PAS-green stain what color do fungi stain?

Back 20

pink to fuschia

Front 21

In the Grocott's methenamine-silver (GMS) stain, what color do fungi stain?

Back 21

black

Front 22

What reagents are use in the Kinyoun stain?

Back 22

Carbol-Fuchin (basic fichin, phenol, alcohol)
filtered water
methylene blue
acid alcohol

Front 23

What type of water must be used in the Kinyoun stain and why?

Back 23

Filtered water because acid- fast organisms exist in tap water

Front 24

If the acid is not washed out in acid fast stain___

Back 24

the counterstain will not work

Front 25

Fite procedure shows______

Back 25

Mycobacterium leprae

Front 26

Fixation is what will make acid fast organisms non acid fast?

Back 26

Carnoy

Front 27

What stain uses peanut oil and what is it good for?

Back 27

Fite stain... prevented tissue shrinkage

Front 28

Whst dye is used in the Fite stain?

Back 28

Ziehl Neelsen dye

Front 29

Can the Ziel Neelsen or Kinyoun stain detect leprosy?

Back 29

no

Front 30

What does the Fite stain detect?

Back 30

Mycobacterium leporsy and Nocardia

Front 31

What detects "Mycobacterium Tuberculosis /
acid fast mycobacterium"?

Back 31

Auramin-Rhodamine Fluorescence

Front 32

What is the counterstain for Auramine-Rhodamine?

Back 32

Eriochrome Black

Front 33

What color are the acid fast organisms in Auramine-Rhodamine stain?

Back 33

reddish-yellow fluorescence

Front 34

What does the Borwn-Hopps demonstrate?

Back 34

gram negative and gram positive bacteria

Front 35

What is the differentiating solution in Brown Hopps

Back 35

Acetone and Gallego

Front 36

What are the results of Brown Hopps and which dye is rfesponsible for it?

Back 36

Gram + blue (crystal violet iodine)
Gram - red (basic fuchsin)
background yellow (picric acid acetone)

Front 37

Which method also detects actinomycosis, nocardiosis, coccidiomycosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, rhinosporidiosis and amebiasis

Back 37

Brown- Hopps

Front 38

Which stain uses Diff-Quick?

Back 38

Giemsa

Front 39

What type of staining reaction occurs in the Giemsa stain?

Back 39

metachromatia

Front 40

What is the principle of the Giemsa stain?

Back 40

methylene blue + eosin
basic pH

Front 41

Results of Giemsa

Back 41

bacteria- dark blue
cytoplasm pink

Front 42

What stain detech Helicobacter pylori?

Back 42

Giemsa
Alcian Yellow Toluidine

Front 43

Diff Quick II contains:

Back 43

methylene blue

Front 44

Diff Quick I contains:

Back 44

eosin

Front 45

What diseases are associated with H pylori?

Back 45

Gastritis
Peptic Ulcer
Gastrocarcinoma
Lymphoma

Front 46

What are the reagents in Alcian Yellow?

Back 46

Periodic Acid
sodium metabisulfite
Alcian Yellow
Toluidine Blue

Front 47

Steps of Hotchkiss McManus PAS

Back 47

Periodic Acid
Schiffs
sulfuric acid
Fast Green

Front 48

chromic acid oxidizes the carbohydrates in the fungus walls to aldehydes in which stain?

Back 48

Chromic Acid PAS

Front 49

Which satin uses Periodic acid as an oxidizer?

Back 49

Hotchkiss

Front 50

What is Auramine-Rhodamine made up of?

Back 50

auramine
rhodamin
glycerol
phenol crystals

Front 51

Staphylococcus aureus

Back 51

Responsible for toxic shock.

Front 52

Pathogenic cocci

Back 52

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhaeae and Neisseria meningtidis.

Front 53

Material responsible for Gram positive organisms

Back 53

Contain teichoic acid in cell wall. Responsible for Gram positive differentiating qualities.

Front 54

Gram positive bacilli

Back 54

Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani, Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Front 55

Gram negative bacilli

Back 55

Shigella dysenteriae, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Front 56

Spirochetes

Back 56

Treponema pallidum (syphilis), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease).

Front 57

Acid fast organisms

Back 57

Contain a large amount of lipid in the cell wall. ie Mycobacterium leprae and tuberculosis.

Front 58

Cell wall of fungus

Back 58

Contains chitin.

Front 59

Molds

Back 59

Filamentous fungi containing hyphae forming a mycelium with septa or transverse partitions. ie Aspergillus fumigatus.

Front 60

Yeast

Back 60

Parent-budding process. ie Crytoccocus neoformas.

Front 61

Pseudohyphae

Back 61

Budding occurs but buds tend to elongate and not detach from parent. ie Candida albicans

Front 62

Kinyoun Stain

Back 62

Carbol-fuchsin, dilute acid alcohol, methylene blue.

Front 63

Ziehl-Neelsen Stain

Back 63

Carbol-fuchsin, dilute acid alcohol, methylene blue.

Front 64

Fite Stain for Leprosy

Back 64

Weakly acid fast organism. Waxy capsule must be protected from strong clearing agents, so deparaffinizing is done by xylene-peanut oil solutions.

Front 65

Brown-Hopps

Back 65

Gram stain technique. Crystal violet, Gram's iodine, acetone decolorizer, basic fuchsin, Gallego's solution for differentiation.

Front 66

Warthin-Starry

Back 66

Spirochetes stain. Silver nitrate + Acidulated water (Citric acid+DI water, to pH 4) solution for silver impregnation. Developer composed of silver nitrate, gelatin, hydroquinone (reducer).

Front 67

Diff Quik Giemsa Stain

Back 67

Demonstrates H. pylori by Solution I, a eosin Y (anionic dye) which stains cytoplasm PINK, Solution II azure A and methylene blue (cationic dye) stains bacteria and nuclei BLUE.

Front 68

Hotchkiss-McManus

Back 68

Fungus stain using the PAS method.

Front 69

Gridley Fungus Stain

Back 69

Fungus stain using the PAS method but uses chromic acid instead of periodic acid which is a much stronger oxidizer. Less background because fungus contains heavy amount of polysaccharides in comparison to connective tissues.

Front 70

Grocott Methenamine-Silver Nitrate Fungus stain

Back 70

"GMS" uses chromic acid to oxidize polysaccharides to aldehydes.

Front 71

Nonspecific staining of silver soln may occur...

Back 71

When silver solution is overheated (>60 C).