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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is tophi and where can it be found?
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It is Uric acid.
found in bursae, synovium, tendons, extensor surface of forearm and sometimes Kidney. |
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What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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an autoimmune disease that causes joint destruction and systemic inflammatory disease
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Why are NSAID's not very effective when treating RA?
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NSAID's only treat the systems of pain associated with the disease, not the progression of the disease.
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What is the most common drug administered for RA?
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methotrexate
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Briefly explain the physiology of RA.
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A substance called rheumatoid factor is an antibody to immunoglobulin. Hence when the two meet they result in an infflammatory response, during this response lysosomal enzymes are released and they in turn destroy joint cartilage. Eventually pannus damages the articular cartilage resulting in reduced joint motion and possible ankylosis.
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What is Pannus?
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a destructive granular tissue.
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T/F
RA's symptoms are isolated to only the skeletal joints? Explain your answer. |
False. RA can cause inflammation of glands such as tear and salivary glands, the linings of the heart and lungs, the lungs themselves and in rare cases, the vascular system.
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What is gout?
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purine metabolism disease
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What is hyperuricemia?
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Having a uric acid level of >6 mg/dL in men and >7 mg/dL in women.
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What is the association of hyperuricemia and gout?
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Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for the development of gout.
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What are some lifestyle/familial risk factors of gout.
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consumption of alcohol, meat, seafood; weight; family history.
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What are some medical related risk factors for gout?
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hypertension, hyperlipidemia, chronic renal impairment, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, DM, or metabolic syndrom.
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What medications pose a risk factor for gout?
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thiazide, loop diuretics, aspirin (low-dose), some antituberculosis drugs, nicotinic acid or antirejection drugs.
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Describe the pharmacotherapeutics of Methotrexate (MTX).
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*Folate Antimetabolite used in treating various malignancies and RA.
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Describe the pharmacokinetics of MTX.
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*Oral or Parenteral
*decreased absorption in the presence of food. *Sm amount metabolized in liver *Excreated unchanged. |
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Describe the pharmacodynamics of MTX.
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*Exerts immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting the replication and function of T lymphocytes that stimulate the production of cytokines
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What contraindications and precautions are considered when taking MTX?
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*Immunosuppression
*Blood dyscrasia |
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Explain the drug interactions of MTX.
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*Should not be given with drugs associated with nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity or supressed bone marrow function.
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What are some adverse reactions to MTX
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Rash, Headache, N/V/D, stomatitis, alopecia, gingivitis.
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What health status should a nurse assess for when a pt. is taking MTX?
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Assess for comorbid conditions (the presence of one or more disorders (or diseases) in addition to a primary disease or disorder.
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