As 505 - Ch. 3&4

Front 1

Bran
Ex: Corn, rice, wheat

Back 1

Outer coarse coat of grain separated during processing (pericarp).

Front 2

Flour
Ex: Rye, wheat

Back 2

Soft, finely ground and bolted meal from the milling of cereal grains and other seeds. Consists primarily of gluten & starch of the endosperm.

Front 3

Germ Meal
Ex: Corn, wheat

Back 3

Ground germ of the seed (embryo).

Front 4

Gluten
Ex: Corn, sorghum

Back 4

Substance remaining after extraction of starch and germ in the manufacture of starch and syrup.

Front 5

Grain Screenings
Ex: All grains

Back 5

Small imperfect grains, weed seeds, & other foreign material of value as a feed that is separated through the cleaning of grain with a screen.

Front 6

Groats
Ex: Oat, rice

Back 6

Fed to horses. Grain from which the hulls have been removed.

Front 7

Hominy Feed
Ex: Corn

Back 7

A mixture of corn bran, corn germ, and some of the starchy portion, produced in the manufacture of pearl ____, ____ grits, and table meal.

Front 8

Hulls
Ex: Oat, rice

Back 8

Outer covering of grain.

Front 9

Malt Sprouts
Ex: Barley

Back 9

The rootlets and sprouts, along with some of the malt hulls, obtained from malted barley.

Front 10

Meal, Oat
Ex: Oat

Back 10

Rolled oat groats.

Front 11

Middlings
Ex: Rye, wheat

Back 11

A by-product of the flour milling industry, consisting of brain, shorts, germ, flour, and some of the offal from the "tail of the mill".

Front 12

Mill Run
Ex: Rye, wheat, grain, sorghum, oat, rice

Back 12

State in which a material comes from the mill, usually ungraded and having no definite specifications. It consists of bran, shorts, germ, flour, and the offal from the "tail of the mill".

Front 13

Polishings
Ex: Rice

Back 13

By-product of rice, consisting of a fine residue that accumulates as rice kernels are polished.

Front 14

Red Dog
Ex: Wheat

Back 14

By-product of milling wheat for flour. Consists of the offal from the "tail of the mill", along with fine particles of wheat bran, wheat germ, and wheat flour.

Front 15

Shorts
Ex: Wheat

Back 15

A by-product of flour milling consisting of a mixture of small particles of bran, germ, flour, and the offal from the "tail of the mill".

Front 16

Hay contains:

Back 16

>20% CF

Front 17

Straw contains:

Back 17

>20% CF
<6% Protein

Front 18

Oil Meals contain:

Back 18

>22% CP
>70% TDN

Front 19

Grain contains:

Back 19

>70% TDN

Front 20

Minerals contain:

Back 20

<6% Protein

Front 21

By-Pass Fats contain:

Back 21

>70% TDN

Front 22

Silage contains:

Back 22

>30% Moisture (65%)
>20% CF

Front 23

Beet Pulp contains:

Back 23

Close to 70% TDN
>20% CF

Front 24

Alfalfa

Back 24

Most common HAY fed in CA

Front 25

Alfalfa

Back 25

Most common HAY fed in the USA

Front 26

Oat Hay

Back 26

Most common CEREAL GRAIN fed in CA

Front 27

Corn

Back 27

Most common SILAGE fed in CA

Front 28

Corn

Back 28

Most common SILAGE fed in the USA

Front 29

Alfalfa

Back 29

Most common HAYLAGE fed in CA

Front 30

Alfalfa

Back 30

Most common HAYLAGE fed in the USA

Front 31

Fed = Corn
Grown = Barley

Back 31

Most common GRAIN fed/grown in CA

Front 32

Corn

Back 32

Most common GRAIN fed in the USA

Front 33

Urea

Back 33

Most common NPN fed in CA

Front 34

Urea

Back 34

Most common NPN fed in USA

Front 35

CSM

Back 35

Most common OIL MEAL fed in CA

Front 36

SBM

Back 36

Most common OIL MEAL fed in the USA

Front 37

Examples of implants and how they are used

Back 37

Compudose, Finoplex, Ralgro, Synovex.
Increases ADG to finish steers and heifer for good meat.

Front 38

What is MGA? Why is it used?

Back 38

Melengesterol Acetate.
Stops cow's cyclinc so she focuses on eating.

Food = Yay!
Sex = No!

Front 39

% NFE =

Back 39

100% - (%Moisture + %EE + %Ash + %CP + %CF)

Front 40

Lignin

Back 40

The indigestible plant fiber. It can be eaten, just not digested by all animals.

Front 41

NE =

Back 41

GE - (FE + UE + GasE + HI)

Front 42

DE =

Back 42

GE - FE

Front 43

ME =

Back 43

GE - (FE + UE + GasE)

Front 44

Roughage

Back 44

A feed that is LOW in ENERGY, but HIGH in FIBER.

Front 45

Concentrate

Back 45

A feed that is HIGH in ENERGY, but LOW in FIBER.

Front 46

Fodder

Back 46

The entire above the ground part of a plant.

Front 47

Stover

Back 47

The entire above the ground part of a plant with the grain removed.

Front 48

Calorie

Back 48

Amount of energy as heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. [1 cal = 4.184 Joules]

Front 49

Examples of antibiotics added to feed

Back 49

Bacitracin, Bacitracion Zinc, Erythromycin, Chlortetracycline, Monensin, Oxytetracycline, Lasalocid

Front 50

Examples of buffers added to feed

Back 50

Sodium bicarbonate (#1 in CA), Magnesium oxide, Sodium bentonite, Sodium sesquicarbonate, Limestone

Front 51

Reasons to process grain

Back 51

$$, alter particle size, change moisture/density of feed, > nutrient availability and digestibility, detoxify undesirable ingredients, reduce storage and transportation costs, lessens molds, enhances rumen by-pass

Front 52

Reasons to process roughage

Back 52

Forced feeding of entire plant (including stem).
May be disadvantage to higher producing animals, but it is profitable for average animals in a farm.

Front 53

Ralgro

Back 53

Zeranol is an anabolic agent (produce more meat).
Not a hormone.
Enhances retention of N (protein deposition).
Increases ADG and FE.

Front 54

Why should forages not be finely ground when fed to lactating dairy cows?

Back 54

Because they need more fiber to produce the more butterfat.

Front 55

Ensiling

Back 55

The process of making silage.
Needs 2-3 weeks to ferment anaerobically.

Front 56

Haylage

Back 56

45-55% water content usually is stored in silo in order to keep moisture content.

Front 57

Silage

Back 57

65-75% water content

Front 58

Legume

Back 58

A type of plant that traditionally prosses higher protein content(why- because of the ability to fix atmosphere nitrogen through the symbiotic relationship with the bacteria found in its nodule)

Front 59

Hay

Back 59

Dry roughage with 15% water content

Front 60

Feed additives that decrease gas formation

Back 60

What are Ionophores?

Front 61

What do probiotics do?

Back 61

Increase the microflora in the animals digestive system.

Front 62

Soilage

Back 62

High in moisture (65 70%). Also known as stover, fodder, and greenchop.

Front 63

Pericarp

Back 63

The process of removing the outer coarse coat.

Front 64

What are implants used for?

Back 64

They are like steroids for cows. Their main purpose is to promote growth.

Front 65

Why do we use Antibiotics?

Back 65

They are preventatives and also work to increase feed efficiency, which will intern increase average daily gain.

Front 66

Why are buffers used?

Back 66

To neutralize the pH levels in the stomach.