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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Quiet Breathing?
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When the pressure inside and outside of the lungs is the same.
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External Intercostals
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Group of muscles that raise the ribs UP and OUT to increase the diameter of the TC.
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Internal Intercostals
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Pull DOWN ribs to decrease the TC.
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Subcostals
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Pull the ribs DOWN and APART to decrease the diameter of the TC.
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Diaphragm
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-Thick dome-shaped muscle.
-Chief muscle of inhalation. -Just below the lungs, separates the abdomen from the TC. -Provides openings for the esophagus and aorta to pass through. |
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Trachea
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Starting point of lower airway, just below the larynx
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Larynx
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Tube like structure in neck that includes various muscles along with vocal folds, cartilages, and membranes
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Muscles of Larynx
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Extrinsic and Intrinsic
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Extrinsic Muscles
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-One attachment to structures outside the larynx and one inside.
-Provides supportive framework for larynx. |
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Intrinsic Muscles
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-Both attachment confined within the larynx.
-Play a leading role in phonation |
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Bernoulli Effect
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When gases or liquids move through a constructed passage, velocity increases and pressure decreases
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Resonation
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Process by which the voiced breath stream (which is produced by VFs) is modified to enhance and dampen certain frequency components
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Resonators
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1. Pharyngeal Cavity
2. Oral Cavity 3. Nasal Cavity |
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Pharyngeal Cavity
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-Part of upper airway
-located superiorly and posteriorly to larynx -base of tongue -attached to pharynx. |
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Oral Cavity
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-Resonating structure for all sounds except for /m,n, ng/
-Velum should be elevated in order to make contact with posterior pharyngeal wall. Separating the nasal cavity from pharynx and oral cavity |
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Nasal Cavity
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Man->more nasalized quality
Fully nasalized sounds are /m,n,ng/ -Velum is lowered in order to produce nasal sounds |
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Articulation
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Molding of the air stream into recognizable speech sounds by several structures (articulators) in the mouth.
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Moveable Articulators
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1. Tongue
2. Lip 3. Velum/Soft Palate 4. Jaw/Mandible |
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Tongue (MVP)
What are the parts of the tongue? |
1. Tip
2. Blade 3. Dorsum 4. Root |
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Tip
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thinnest part, rests behind front teethe
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Blade
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next, after the tip
- below alveolar ridge |
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Dorsum
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largest part, makes contact with both hard and soft palate
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Root
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very back lower portion of tongue attached to pharynx
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Lips
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-Made primarily of the obicularis oris
-/p,b,m/-play an important role in bilabials and labiodentals /f,v/ |
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Velum/Soft Palate
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Begins at end of hard palate and extends towards the pharynx
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Velar Muscles
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-Levator veli palatini
-Tensor veli palatini -Palatoglossus -Palatopharyngeus -Uvulae |
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Levator veli palatini
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Elevates Velum
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Tensor veli palatini
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Stretches/Tenses Velum
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Palatoglossus
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Elevates Velum and elevates the dorsum tongue
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Palatopharyngeus
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Lowers velum, moves pharyngeal walls inward
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Uvulae
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Muscles in the uvula
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Jaw/Mandible
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-Facilitator of articulation and resonance
-Forms the floor of the mouth and houses the lower teethe. -Increases or decreases the size of the oral cavity |
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Immovable Articulators
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1. Teethe
2. Hard Palate 3. Aveolar Ridge |
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Teethe
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-Directly involved in articulation of /f,v, th (voice and voiceless)/.
-Help produce the friction quality in many fricative sounds. -Lower incisors, as breath stream passes over the incisors edges. |
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Hard Palate
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Boney structure separating the oral cavity from the nasal cavity, it forms the floor of the nose and the roof of the mouth.
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Aveolar Ridge
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Part right behind upper teethe.
Place of lingual contact for several front sounds including /t,d,s,z,n,l/. |
