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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inflection on syllable changes the meaning
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Tonal Language
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a simplified and limited communication system between two communitites with no common language
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Pidgin
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more complex cystem with its own phonological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic rules
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creole
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changing from one dialect or speech pattern to another based on the situation and the communication partner
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code switching
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What 4 language groups is the bulk of our research on?
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1. African American English
2. Native American Languages 3. Variety of Spanish 4. Some Asian Languages |
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Most of the research is on which language?
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African American English and Spanish with its variations
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What languages are Tonal?
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Chinese
Vietnamese Hmong Thai |
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What language are Non-Tonal?
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American English
Khmer Japanese |
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In referance to diversity, Ethnicity, cultural background, and ________________ are typically interrelated?
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In referance to diversity, Ethnicity, cultural background, and _LANGUAGE STATUS_ are typically interrelated?
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What are the Phonological Characteristics of African-American English>
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1. Omission of Word Final Consonants
-final consonant is a nasal - final consonant is a stop -when the word begins with a consonant 2. Consonant Cluster Reduction -most often in the final postiion -initial cluster may have sound substitution ("strike" becomes "skrike" 3. Unstressed Syllable Deletion -more likely when the syllable is a single vowel -preceding word ends in a vowel -prepositions or conjunctions |
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How many names are there for African-American English?
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it goes by many names
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What is the origin for African-American English?
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appears to be West Africa
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Who can speak African-American English?
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anyone -- it is cultural, not racial
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African-American English has its own systems for what 4 areas of speech & language?
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1. Phonological
2. Syntactic 3. Semantic 4. Pragmatic Rules |
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In assessing African-American English, clinicians need to look at speech & language in a variety of context, including __________________.
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family interactions
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Use of phonological characterisitcs of African-American English may vary with what?
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Socioeconomic Status (SES)
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changing a diphthong to a vowel is called what?
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Ungliding
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Ungliding occurs in what dialet/language?
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African-American English
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lessening or omission of /r/ and /l/
occurs in which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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/f/ for the voiceless "th" in the medial or final position
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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/t/ for the voiceless "th" in the final position
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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/d/ for voiced "th" in the initial and medial position
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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/v/ for voiced "th" in the final position
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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Does African-American English have different stress patterns?
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yes
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"aks" instead of "asks" is an example of what?
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metathesis
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Metathesis occurs in which dialect or language?
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African-American English
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Devoicing final voiced consonants
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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"pin" substituted for "pen"
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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/b/ substituted for /v/ in the initial position
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African-American English
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"in" substituted for "ing"
Which dialect or language? |
African-American English
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What is the 2nd most common language?
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Spanish
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How many major dialects are there in Spanish?
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6 major dialects
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What are the 3 most common Spanish dialects?
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1. Mexican
2. Puerto Rico 3. Caribbean (Cuban) |
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How many people speak Spanish?
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35 million people
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Hispanic is a term that is used to refer to what?
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cultural background
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How many vowels does English have?
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15 vowels
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How many vowels does Spanish have?
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5 vowels
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How many consonants does English have?
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24 consonants
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How many consonants does Spanish have?
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18 consonants
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What 5 English consonants do NOT occurs in Spanish?
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/v/
/z/ voiced "th" voiceless "th" "zh" |
