Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
pH
|
7.35-7.45
|
|
|
PaO2
|
80-100 mmHg
|
|
|
PaCO2
|
35-45 mmHg
|
|
|
HCO2
|
22-26 mEq/L
|
|
|
Base excess (BE)
|
+2 to -2 mEq/L
|
|
|
O2 Sat
|
95-98%
|
|
|
Artial blood gases
|
blood specimen obtained by artial puncture or drawn from artial line
identifies asid base status and compensatory mechanisms |
|
|
Acid
|
donates hydrogen ions
|
|
|
base
|
accepts hydrogen ions
|
|
|
acid base balance is classified as
|
normal
acidotic alkalotic |
|
|
acid base balance can be altered by
|
respiratory components
metabolic components either individually or in combination |
|
|
FIRST STEP:
check pH (reflects concentration of H ions in the blood) |
pH <7.35 indicates ACIDOSIS
pH >7.45 indicates ALKALOSIS |
|
|
acidosis
|
the condition of increased hydrogen ion concentration in the blood
|
|
|
alkalosis
|
the condition of decreased hydrogen ion concentration in the blood
|
|
|
SECOND STEP:
check PCO2 (indicator of respiratory buffering) |
PCO2 <35 mmHg indicates ALKALOSIS
PCO2>45 mmHg indicates ACIDOSIS |
|
|
EXAMPLES:
pH <7.35 + PCO2 >45mmHg |
=respiratory acidosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLES:
pH >7.45 + PCO2 <35mmHg |
=respiratory alkalosis
|
|
|
THIRD STEP:
check HCO3 (indicator of metabolic buffering) |
HCO3 <22mEq/L indicates ACIDOSIS
HCO3 >2mEq/L indicates ALKALOSIS |
|
|
EXAMPLES:
pH <7.35 + HCO3< 22mEq/L |
metalbolic acidosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLES:
pH > 7.45 + HCO3 > 26mEq/L |
metalbolic alkalosis
|
|
|
after interpreting thepH value as normal, acidotic, or alkalotic,
|
determine whether the respiratory or the metabolic buffering component matches the acid-base component identified by the pH
|
|
|
EXAMPLE:
pH of 7.2 = acidosis PCO2 of 50mmHg =acidosis HCO3 of 24mEq/l = normal |
respiratory acidosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLE:
pH of 7.5 =alkalosis PCO2 of 30 mmHg = alkalosis HCO3 of 23mEq/L = normal |
respiratory alkalosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
pH 7.25 acidosis PCO2 42mmHg normal HCO3 20mEq/L acidosis |
metabolic acidosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
ph 7.55 alkalosis PCO2 38mmHg normal HCO3 30mEq/L alkalosis |
metabolic alkalosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
pH 7.2 acidosis PCO2 50mmHg acidosis HCO3 20mEq/L acidosis |
combined resp. and met. acidosis
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
pH 7.5 alkalosis PCO2 30mmHg alkalosis HCO3 30mEq/L alkalosis |
combined resp. and met. alkalosis
|
|
|
acid base balance can be
|
normal
uncompensated partially compensated compensated |
|
|
normal
|
normal pH
normal PCO2 normal HCO3 |
|
|
uncompensated
|
abnormal pH
abnormal PCO2 abnormal HCO3 |
|
|
partially compensated
|
abnormal pH
abnormal PCO or HCO3 pH condition (acidosis or akalosis) matches either PCO2 or HCO3, but not both |
|
|
compensated
|
normal pH
abnormal PCO2 or abnormal HCO3 |
