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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Members of Phylum Arthropoda are ________________Blastic.
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triploblastic
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Members of Phylum Arthropoda are ________________ coelomates.
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true (but reduced) = hemocoel
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Members of arthrodpoda this group are proto/deuterostomes.
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proto
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True/False: Spiracles are a specialized form of respiration found in Arthropods.
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true. spiracles are external openings in abdomen of insects that allow air flow into and out of tracheae
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With a complete _____________ system and __________ circulatory system, Arthropods are considered to be more evolved than species we have seen in class up to this point.
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1. digestive
2. open |
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Arthropods protect themselves from their environment and predators with their hydrostatic/endoskeleton/exoskeleton.
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exo
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Arthropods have highly developed ______________ organs which allow them to thrive in a terrestrial environment.
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sensory
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_______________ behavior patterns such as bee’s hierarchical system are just one of the reasons arthropods have been so successful. Other reasons include _____________ ____________, and their ______skeleton composed of __________ which helps protect them from their environment and predators.
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1. complex
2.metamorphisis, double ventral nerve cord 3.exo 4.chitin and protien (which is secreted by and remains fused to the epidermis) |
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Hemolymph is a fluid that functions just like ________________ and lymph and usually contains hemoglobin as it’s oxygen carrying molecule. Sometimes hemolymph contains ________________ which is composed of copper and makes the animals blood blue.
___________________ is the body cavity through which hemolymph passes |
1.blood
2.hemocyanin 3.hemocoel |
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Define Tagmata:
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body section of a metameric animal that results from embryonic fusion of two or more body segments
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Members of Suphylum Chelicerata lack __________________, are an ancient group, have have their first pair of appendanged modified to form ______________, from which their name is drawn. They also have _________________ as a second pair of appendages and ________ pairs of walking legs.
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1. antennae and mandibles
2. chelicerae 3. pedipalps 4. four |
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Class __________________ is composed of horseshoe crabs which are 400-500 years old. They feed on worms and molluscs in shallow lagoons and have __________ eyes, 2 of which are ________________ and ______ of which that are ___________. And have _____ gills
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1.merostomata
2. 10 3. compound 4. 8 5. simple 6. book |
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Specialized structure for respiration found in Subphylum Chelicerae
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book gills
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Suphylum _______________________ contains lobsters, crabs, and other sea creatures sometimes called the arthropods of the sea.
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crustacea
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Order ___has members with _______pairs of walking legs and their 1st pair of appendages modified as chelipeds
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1. decapoda
2. 5 (10 total) |
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define metamerism (arthropods exhibit this)
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a somite:
1. any of the longitudinal series of segments or parts into which the body of certain animals is divided; a metamere. 2. Embryology . one member of a series of paired segments into which the thickened dorsal zone of mesoderm is divided. |
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Subphylum Chelicerata (lack______)
Name 2 classes & and an example of each |
1. antennae
Class Merostomata: horseshoe crabs Class Arachnida (8 legs): spiders, ticks, mites, scorpians |
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Subphylum Crustacea (_____ pair antennae)
Name one class, order, ex |
1. two
Class Malacostraca Order: decapoda (eyes on stalks) ex: crayfish |
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Subphylum Myriapoda ____ pair antennae
Name 2 classes and an ex of each |
1. one
Class Diplopoda: millipedes Class Chilopoda: centipedes |
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Subphylum Hexapoda ____ pair antennae
Class Insecta: name 2 subclasses, 2 infraclasses and 1 order of infraclass |
1. one pair
Subphylum Hexapoda Class Insecta -Infraclass Hemimetabola (hemimetabolous development), Order Orthoptera, ex: grasshoppers, crickets, locusts Infraclass Holometabola (holometabolous development) |
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List general characteristics of Arthropods (6) and 2 key characteristics
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2 key characteristics: segmented bodies and jointed appendages
1. triploblastic protosomes 2. true coelomates 3. complete digestive system 4. open circulatory system 5. specialized forms of respiration 6. Metamerism |
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Arthropods specialized forms of respiration (4)
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1. gills
2. book lungs 3. tracheae 4. spiracles |
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Reasons for Arthropod success (6)
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1. jointed appendages (handle food, move, reproduce all better)
2. Exoskeleton (protection from pred and dehydration) 3. segmentation = specialization 4. specialized resp systems (more efficient) 5. highly developed sensory organs 6. metamorphosis (reduced comp with speicies, larval and adult eat different food) |
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chelicerae
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first pair of modified appendages in chelicerata which hold and chew food
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pedipalps
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2nd pair of modified appendages in chelicerata, used to manipulate food
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carapace
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protection, covers cephalothorax
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opisthosoma
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prot, covers abd
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chelicera
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hold/chew food
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gill opercula
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gill protection
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telson
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aids in anchoring, is a hard, narrow spiny structure extending posteriorly from abd
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compound eyes
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photoreception, image forming
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simple eyes (ocelli)
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photoreception, only shadows, differentiate light and dark areas
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cephalothorax
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head portion
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spinnerets
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Used in spinning silk for catching prey, building bridges, escape, coating eggs, and ―gift wrapping‖
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Book lungs:
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specialized thin structure for respiration
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Tracheal spiracles:
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small apertures on side of abdomen for respiration
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Spiders‘ chelicerae are modified as____
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fangs
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1st pair of modified appendages in crayfish
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chelipeds (look like the claws)
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Rostrum
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looks like forehead/beak, protects cerebral ganglia
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telson on crayfish
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middle tailfin used for propulsion
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uropod (crayfish)
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outer tailfins (says lateral portion?)
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antennules (smaller antennas)
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for equilibrium
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antenna
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longer pair, used for taste, touch etc
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crayfish copulatory swimmerets
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males, used to transfer sperm
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crayfish seminal receptacle
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females, used to receive sperm
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Centipedes (class chilopoda) characteristics
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carnivores, live in moist environments, ONE pair of walking legs per segment
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Millipedes (class diplopoda)
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herbivores, diverse habitats usually damp, TWO pairs of walking legs per segment
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Why are insects so successful on land? (6)
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1. stronger support systems and walking appendages (overcome gravity)
2. waxy cuticles (withstand dry air yet allow gas exchange 3. specialized respiratory, excretory and digestive structures 4. wings (explore new habitat) 5. various forms of communication and social behavior 6. specialized sensory systems |
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Hemimetabolous development
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egg - younger nymph - older nymph - adult
Young resembles adult |
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Holometabolous development
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egg, larva, pupa, adult
young doesn't resemble adult |
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Like annelids, arthropods have three primary germ layers, bilateral symmetry, segmentation and a true coelom. Early arthropods retained these characteristics but added what two additional features? What are the function(s) of each?
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answer this
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Arthropods were the first animals to inhabit land. What challenges were presented by the move from aquatic to terrestrial habitats? What traits were selected for to respond to these challenges?
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answer this
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Arthropods and vascular plants populated terrestrial habitats simultaneously. Discuss how this affected the relationship(s) between the two.
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answer this
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