Art Vocab

Front 1

Catacombs

Back 1

religious burial site, like catacomb of comodilla

Front 2

Bascilica Plan

Back 2

worship halls characterized by the use of

Front 3

Cruciform Plan

Back 3

ground plan in shape of a cross

Front 4

Central Plan

Back 4

octagonal shaped groudn plan

Front 5

Atrium

Back 5

open central court, like in st peter basilica

Front 6

Narthex

Back 6

hall connecting atrium and nave

Front 7

Nave

Back 7

central part of church where people were expected to sit

Front 8

Arcade

Back 8

series of arches that provide a space to walk through

Front 9

Aisle

Back 9

space for walking through church

Front 10

Clerestory

Back 10

upper part of nave that allows light to enter building

Front 11

Transept

Back 11

in a cross shaped church, part containing nave that makes the church cross shaped

Front 12

Apse

Back 12

arched or domed semicircle usually above altar

Front 13

Ambulatory

Back 13

semicircle aisle enclosing apse

Front 14

Lunette

Back 14

crescent shaped artwork adorning an arch

Front 15

Mausoleum

Back 15

burial chamber

Front 16

Mosaic

Back 16

art assembled from small pieces of colored stone or glass

Front 17

Spolia

Back 17

repurposing of building stone for new construction

Front 18

Pendetives

Back 18

dome on an arched dome

Front 19

Squinches

Back 19

dome on rectangular structure with arches

Front 20

Icon

Back 20

Portrait of image containing sacred elements

Front 21

Iconography

Back 21

use of images and symbol an

Front 22

Iconoclasm

Back 22

image breaking, destroying images for political or religious reasons

Front 23

mosque (masjid)

Back 23

islamic place of worship; place of prostration

Front 24

hadith

Back 24

collection of sayongs of prophet muhamad

Front 25

qur'an

Back 25

central religious text of islam; literally means recitation

Front 26

hajj

Back 26

annual/traditional pilgrimage to mecca

Front 27

ka'aba

Back 27

center of pilgrimage, thriving center of trafe; literally cube in arabic

Front 28

Qibla

Back 28

direction of prayer, always towards mecca

Front 29

hypostyle hall

Back 29

large room with columns/pillars

Front 30

minaret

Back 30

tall tower meant adjacent to mosque meant for call to prayer

Front 31

ablution tank

Back 31

sort of pool filled with water meant to be used in a purification tradition

Front 32

mihrab

Back 32

prayer niche

Front 33

minbar/mimbar

Back 33

pulpit, definint characteristic of mosque

Front 34

maqsura

Back 34

literally "closed off space"

Front 35

iwan

Back 35

large vaulter hall, open on one side

Front 36

centrally planned mosque

Back 36

open courtyard that leads into an open hall

Front 37

four-iwan mosque

Back 37

courtyard surrounded by an iwan on each face of the buidling

Front 38

stucco

Back 38

plaster used for molding into architectural decorations

Front 39

lusterware

Back 39

ceramics with iridescent metallic glaze

Front 40

muqarnas

Back 40

honeycomb pattern on ceiling of dome or vault

Front 41

horseshoe arch

Back 41

aka keyhole arch, islamic architecture

Front 42

Kitabkhana

Front 43

Kalila wa Dimna

Back 43

ancient indian collection of animal fables

Front 44

Frontispiece

Back 44

illustratio facing title page of book

Front 45

Shahname (Shahnama)

Back 45

worlds longest epic poem

Front 46

Polylobed arches

Back 46

arches with a ribbed decoration

Front 47

scriptorium

Back 47

seperate room for writing, such as in a monastery

Front 48

parchment

Back 48

flat thin material made from animal skin as durable writing surface

Front 49

vellum

Back 49

fine parchment made from skin of calf

Front 50

cloisonne

Back 50

decorative work in which glass or gemstones are seperated by strips of flattened wire

Front 51

interlace

Back 51

complex geometric patterns created by looping

Front 52

gospels

Back 52

religious texts illuminated with complex patterns

Front 53

monasteries

Back 53

building where community of monks would live

Front 54

cathedral

Back 54

central christian church

Front 55

tympanum

Back 55

decorative surface over an entrance

Front 56

trumeau

Back 56

section of wall between two openings, such as a pillar

Front 57

relics

Back 57

surviving object of earlier time

Front 58

quadrant arch

Back 58

curved wall or vaulted ceiling

Front 59

rib vaults

Back 59

intersection of barrel vaults

Front 60

pointed arches

Back 60

arch with a pointed crown

Front 61

stained glass

Back 61

artwork produced from image in glass

Front 62

rose windows

Back 62

glass that forms a flowery patterm from radiating central roundel

Front 63

flying buttress

Back 63

projecting support of stone against a wall, usually forming an arch

Front 64

compound piers

Back 64

cross shaped column to suport arches

Front 65

rayonnant style

Back 65

windows lining a dome

Front 66

renaissance

Back 66

rebirth

Front 67

tempera

Back 67

method of painting, combining pigments and typically egg yolk

Front 68

fresco

Back 68

buon

secco

giornata

Front 69

gilding

Back 69

process of applying gold leaf or gold paint

Front 70

altarpiece

Back 70

artwork meant to be placed behind an altar

Front 71

guilds

Back 71

sworn associations of controlled trade

Front 72

allegory

Back 72

something that can be interpretted to reveal a hidden meaning

Front 73

foreshortening

Back 73

portraying something as having less distance

Front 74

linear perspective (1 pt linear perspective)

Back 74

convergence of receding horizontals at horizon

Front 75

atmospheric perspective

Back 75

creating illusion of depth by modulating color

Front 76

vanishing perspective

Back 76

use geometric lines o give illusion of depth

Front 77

vanishing point

Back 77

intersection of parallel lines

Front 78

orthogonals

Back 78

lines that recede towards vanishing point

Front 79

triptych

Back 79

artwork that can be folded into 3 sections

Front 80

diptych

Back 80

artwork folded into 2 sections

Front 81

polyptych

Back 81

artwork composed of more than 3 hinged section

Front 82

oil painting

Back 82

method of painting with pigments and drying oil

Front 83

sfumato

Back 83

technique of allowing tones and colors to shade gradually into one another, like mona lisa

Front 84

chiaroscuro

Back 84

contrasting light and shade

Front 85

glazing

Back 85

thin transparent layer on painting

Front 86

woodcut

Back 86

relief printing technique on printmaking

Front 87

engraving

Back 87

incising design on hard flat surface

Front 88

mannerism

Back 88

favors tension and instability

Front 89

reformation

Back 89

fix up catholic church

Front 90

counter reformation

Back 90

catholic resurgence

Front 91

indulgence

Back 91

grant by pope of remission of punishment in purgatory. sold.

Front 92

anamorphosis

Back 92

distorted projection requiring particular perspective to view normally

Front 93

momento mori

Back 93

"remember you must die"

symbols of death in art

Front 94

baroque

Back 94

exaggerated motion, clear detail to produce drama tension, grandeur, etc

Front 95

trompe l'oeil

Back 95

visual illusion made to trick eye into perceiving paint as 3d object

Front 96

tenebroso

Back 96

dramatic illumination, very pronounced chiaroscuro

Front 97

caravaggisti

Back 97

following caravaggios philosophy. diagonals and tenebrosso

Front 98

still life

Back 98

paitinig of arrangement of objects

Front 99

roccoco

Back 99

"late baroque"

Front 100

age of enlightenment

Back 100

blah

Front 101

french revolution

Back 101

blah

Front 102

picturesque

Back 102

visually attractive

Front 103

folly

Back 103

building constructed for decoration

Front 104

conversation piece

Back 104

painting in average esetting

Front 105

neo-classicism

Back 105

western art drawing from classical art

Front 106

history painting

Back 106

defined by subject matter vs artistic style

Front 107

romanticism

Back 107

emphasizing inspiration

Front 108

oreintalism

Back 108

exaggerates and distorts differences in otehr cultures

Front 109

odalisque

Back 109

art focusing on chambermaid

Front 110

sublime

Back 110

quality of greatness beyonf all possiblity

Front 111

scumbling

Back 111

layer of broken color adde over another so that bits of lower layer are showing

Front 112

abstract expressionism

Back 112

subjective emotional expression, emphasis on creative spontaneous act

Front 113

action painting

Back 113

paint is spontaneously applied vs careful

Front 114

assemblage

Back 114

a 3d collage

Front 115

combines

Back 115

incorporates various objects into painted canvas

Front 116

pop art

Back 116

art based on modern popular culture and mass media,

Front 117

minimalism

Back 117

geometric abstraction

Front 118

conceptual art

Back 118

concept takes precedence over traditional aesthetic

Front 119

performance art

Back 119

visual art with dramatic performance