Art Renaissance And History 102

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Altarpiece

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An altarpiece is a piece of art such as a painting, sculpture or relief representing a religious subject made for placing behind the altar of a Christian church.

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glazing

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The term used for a thin, transparent layer of paint, particularly in oil painting and acrylics.

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Mannerism

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Excessive of self conscious use of a distinctive style in art, literature, or music.

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chiaroscuro

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The treatment of light and shade drawing and painting.

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Atmospheric perspective

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A technique of rendering depth or distance in painting by modifying hue or tone.

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trompe l' oeil

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Visual Illusion in art, especially as used to trick the eye into perceiving a painted detail as a three-dimensional object.

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Contrapposto

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An asymmetrical arrangement of the human figure in which the line of the arms and shoulders contrasts with while balancing those of the hips and legs.

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Cinquecentro

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The 16th century as a period of Italian art, architecture, or literature, with a reversion to classical forms.

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Counter-Reformation

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Period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the protestant reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent and ending with the close of the 30 years war.

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history painting

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Is a genre in painting defined by it's subject matter rather than artistic style. Casually depict a moment in a narrative story.

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Martin Luther

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A sixteenth-century German religious leader; the founder of Protestantism. Luther, a priest of the Roman Catholic Church, began the Reformation by posting his Ninety-five Theses, which attacked the church for allowing the sale of indulgences.

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diptych, triptych, polytych

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A painting, especially an altarpiece, on 2, 3, or more hinged wooden panels that may be closed like a book.

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Renaissance

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Rebirth - the humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe.

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sfumato

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the technique of allowing tones and colors to shade gradually into one another, producing softened outlines or hazy forms.

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iconography

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The traditional or conventional images or symbols associated with a subject and especially a religious or legendary subject.

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Florence

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City in central Italy on the Arno River. Florence was the center of the Italian Renaissance from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries, during which time the artistic and intellectual life of the city flourished.

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devotional imagery

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Christian devotional images designed as aids for prayer or contemplation.

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Classical antiquity

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Time of Ancient Greece and Rome.

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Proto-Renaissance

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The term Proto-Renaissance, first coined by the Swiss art historian Jacob Burckhardt, denotes the period in northern Italian art from (roughly) 1150-1400.

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Iconoclasm

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The action of attacking or assertively rejecting cherished beliefs and institutions or established values and practices.

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Reformation

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A 16th-century movement for the reform of abuses in the Roman Catholic Church ending in the establishment of the Reformed and Protestant Churches.

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Council of Trent

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The council of the Roman Catholic Church that met between 1545 and 1563 at Trent in S Tyrol. Reacting against the Protestants, it reaffirmed traditional Catholic beliefs and formulated the ideals of the Counter-Reformation

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grisaille

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A method of painting in gray monochrome, typically to imitate sculpture.

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linear perspective

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A type of perspective used by artists in which the relative size, shape, and position of objects are determined by drawn or imagined lines converging at a point on the horizon.

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buon and secco fresco

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Buon Fresco Affresco, Italian for true fresco, is a fresco painting technique in which alkaline-resistant pigments, ground in water, are applied to wet plaster. It is distinguished from the fresco-secco (or a secco) and finto fresco techniques, in which paints are applied to dried plaster.

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Humanism

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A Renaissance cultural movement that turned away from medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought that humans are important and stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs

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Book of hours

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A book containing the prayers or offices to be said at the canonical hours of the day, particularly popular in the Middle Ages. (Had astrology symbols for each month such as Capricorn.)

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Quattrocento

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The 15th century as a period of Italian art or architecture.

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BCE & CE

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The terms "Common Era", "Anno Domini", "Before the Common Era", and "Before Christ" in contemporary English can be applied to dates that rely on either the Julian calendar or the Gregorian calendar.