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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An object's shape and structure, either in two dimensions or in three dimensions.
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Form
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The way in which an artist organizes forms in artwork, either by placing shapes on a flat surface or arranging forms in space.
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Composition
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The material in which an artist works, also in painting, the vehicle that carries the pigment.
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Medium
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The process an artist employs to create form, as well the distinctive, personal ways in which they handle their materials and tools.
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Technique
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A continuous line defining the outer shape of an object.
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Contour Line
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Property of the color in a work.
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Hue
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The purity of a color.
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Saturation
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The space that mass organizes, divides, or encloses.
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Volume
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Giving the illusion of depth (size, overlapping, vanishing point, shadows, clarity and haze), method of presenting an illusion of the three-dimensional world on a two-dimensional space.
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Perspective
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The relationship in size of the parts of persons, buildings, or objects, often based on a module.
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Proportion
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A technique of sculpture in which the artist cuts away material in order to create a statue or a relief.
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Carving
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A sculptural technique in which the artist pours liquid metal, plaster, clay, or another material into a mold. When the material dries, the sculptor removes the cast piece from the mold.
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Casting
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A sculpture that has been carved into a wall.
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Relief
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A technique of sculpture in which the artist cuts away material in order to create a statue or a relief.
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Carving
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A sculptural technique in which the artist pours liquid metal, plaster, clay, or another material into a mold. When the material dries, the sculptor removes the cast piece from the mold.
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Casting
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A sculpture that has been carved into a wall.
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Relief
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Venus of Laussel
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Laussel, France, 25000-20000 BC, limestone, exaggerated features, missing face, missing feet, 1 ½ ft., located on a piece of large rock, relief, base relief, stationary, holding a horn, left hand reaching down towards genital area, implies fertility and childbearing, not a naturalistic body image for that time, covered in red ochre, one of the earliest sculptural reliefs
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Stonehenge
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Salisbury Plain, England, 2550-1600 BC, built in stages? “henge” arrangement of megalithic stones, sarson circle - outer ring, trilathon – horseshoe shape, post-and-lentil system, 108 ft in diameter, aligned with sunrises, etc. remarkable intellectual feat, engineering feat
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Warka Vase
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3200-3000 BC, Uruk, alabaster, arranged on registers (horizontal common line), provides order, bottom has wavy lines, water? Hierarchy of life, water, crops, men carrying offering, conceptual view – idea of the person includes the eye, can see the whole eye from the profile view, baskets brought to a women, goddess Inanna, hierarchy of scale, dressed in distinctive clothing, staffs, marriage? Narrative, story about fertility of the earth, giving back to the goddess, first significant narrative relief
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Lamassu Statue
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Assyrian, 720-705 BC, limestone, body of bull, head of man, large bird wings, very large, actually has 5 legs, 4 on the side, and 2 on the front, conceptual view, man following behind, geometric patterned beard, bilateral symmetry, horns at the top of the head
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Khafre Enthroned
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Giza, Egypt, 2500 BC, diorite, very hard valuable stone, wearing a kilt around his waist, headdress – nemes, linen headgear, lotus plant, papyrus plant, lions, 5’6”, perfect idealized state, timeless calm cool pose, artists tried to achieve perfection, calmness, Horus is covering the back of his head, holding on to a piece of cloth
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Relief of Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt
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Saqqara, Egypt, 2450-2350 BC, painted limestone, appeared in Ti’s tomb, scholars are able to learn much from the artwork in tombs, hierarchy of scale, animals are smallest, Ti is largest, overhead view of the river, but side view of the hippopotamus – known to destroy crops, hunt reinforced idea of conquering, strength, Ti is the highest social status – more formal pose, stiff, hunters more naturalistic, long vertical reeds, floral artwork at the top, animals climbing in the trees, reinforces old themes, formal disposition, higher social status
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New York Kouros
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Greek (Archaic Period), 600 BC, marble, Greek in contact with other civilizations, art reflects that, life-sized Greek statue, 6 ½ feet tall, boyish figure, similarity to Egyptian sculpture, left leg is in front of the right, rigid, frontal view, head is bigger than the rest of the body, geometric hair, flat, fairly muscular arms, hips are too flat, awkward, not naturalistic, differences from Egypt – break free from the blocks, more free-standing, nude, different material (marble)
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Nike of Samothrace
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from Samothrace, Greece, 190 BC, marble, “The Winged Victory,” in the Louvre, located near the top of a staircase, possibly by one of Lyssipos’ students, excavated in 1863, brought to France, 20 years later, the ship was found as well, missing her head and arms, may have been holding a laurel leaf crown, part of a war memorial, placed on a tiered area, in the upper tier, near a fountain, a lot of things going on, Greek statues being intertwined with other elements, dramatic effect, texture of her gown, wings, and skin, looks as though she is about to leap in the air, balance of forward movement and wings pulled back, fabric is sheer around her stomach
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Life and Death of Buddha frieze
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Gandhara, Pakistan, 2nd century AD, schist, “birth” Buddha is beginning to be shown in human form, Buddha is born out of her hip, characteristics of the Buddha as an older person, hair on the head, left – Indra, receiving him as he is being born, servants with leaves, born into upper status, prosperous. “Enlightenment” under the Bodhi tree, people such as soldiers, demons, trying to distract him, hand reaching down, asking the earth to be a witness. “First Sermon” Deer Park, deer under the seat, dot between his eyes, crown of hair, hand is up. “Death” all are grieving, one person underneath who is suggested to have already reached enlightenment, seems to follow the artistic traditions from Roman art, hierarchy of scale.
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