Art History Final (Facts)

Front 1

The Dome of the Florence Cathedral (1420)

Back 1

Artist: Filippo Brunelleschi
Style: Gothic-Renaissance
Period: Early-Renaissance
Elements: Marble cupola to tie ribs of dome together, chain squeezing the 8 sides of the dome together like a hoop that holds a wooden barrel together, Herringbone Pattern for bricks
Meaning: Based off ancient ruins that he studied.

Front 2

Holy Trinity in Florence (1428)

Back 2

Artist: Masaccio
Style: Renaissance
Period: Early-Renaissance
Elements: Correct linear perspective, three sections each planned perfectly, Classical columns on sides
Meaning: Shows the process that humans must go through to reach everlasting life or salvation.

Front 3

Birth of Venus (1482)

Back 3

Artist: Sandro Botticelli
Style: Renaissance
Period: Mid-Renaissance
Elements: Zephyr blowing Venus to shore, Modest stance inspired by antique sculpture, nude to represent the coming of spring
Meaning: Inspired by poem by Angelo Poliziano

Front 4

The Venus of Urbino (1583)

Back 4

Artist: Titian
Style: Renaissance
Period: Italian Renaissance
Elements: dog = symbol of loyalty, contrasts straight lines with curves of the woman, pose based on Sleeping Venus painting.
Meaning: Intended as instructive model for the Duke's young bride.

Front 5

Last Supper (1495-1498)

Back 5

Artist: Leonardo da Vinci
Style: High Renaissance
Period: Italian Renaissance
Elements: very human emotions, very human poses and gestures, One point perspective (leads eye to midpoint of painting)
Meaning: Apostles reaction to Jesus telling them one of them would betray him.

Front 6

The Last Judgement + Altar Wall of the Sistine Chapel (1534-1541)

Back 6

Artist: Michelangelo
Style: Renaissance
Period: Italian Renaissance
Elements: Hundreds of evenly distributed figures, Nine scenes from the book of genesis in the center, Fine detail to muscles and lighting
Meaning: Soles of humans rising and falling to their fates around (and being judged by) Jesus.

Front 7

David (1428-1432)

Back 7

Artist: Donatello
Style: Renaissance
Period: Italian Renaissance
Elements: The first unsupported standing work, Foot on goliaths severed head, Made of Bronze.
Meaning: Defeated the Goliath (That's why he's smiling).

Front 8

David (1501-1504)

Back 8

Artist: Michelangelo
Style: Renaissance
Period: Italian Renaissance
Elements: Made of Marble, very detailed qualities of a human being, larger hands to symbolize strength and power.
Meaning: Anticipating battle against the Goliath

Front 9

St. Peter in Rome (1628)

Back 9

Artist: Donato Bramante and many other famous architects
Style: Renaissance, Baroque
Period: Baroque
Elements: Massive structure made like a cross, Towers at corners of structure, complex chapels on either side
Meaning: Old Basillica falling into ruin, needed a new one.

Front 10

Giovanni Arnolfini and his Bride (1434)

Back 10

Artist: Jan Van Eyck
Style: Northern Renaissance
Period: Mid-Renaissance
Elements: man and pregnant woman holding hands in luxurious room, window gives off dim lighting, mirror in back with reflections.
Meaning: Painting of famous italian merchant Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife.

Front 11

The Burial of Count Orgaz (1586)

Back 11

Artist: El Greco
Style: Mannerism
Period: Late Renaissance
Elements: Top half is an illusion of boundless space, lower half is a stage for humans, soul rising from Orgaz.
Meaning: Deep spiritual struggle due to loss of Orgaz.

Front 12

Conversion of Saint Paul (1601)

Back 12

Artist: Caravaggio
Style: Baroque
Period: Baroque
Elements: Completely dark background, uses light source to highlight selective parts of painting, St. Paul helpless on ground.
Meaning: Paul falls from horse as he is converted to Paul the Apostle.

Front 13

Ecstasy of Saint Teresa (1645-1652)

Back 13

Artist: Gianlorenzo Bernini
Style: Baroque
Period: Baroque
Elements: Using real light, Figures floating on cloud, Cornaro family on side witnessing the vision.
Meaning: Teresa of Avila religious ecstasy when encountering an angel.

Front 14

The Horrors of War (1632)

Back 14

Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
Style: Baroque
Period: Baroque
Elements: Detailed human form, color light and shadow to show space, everything flowing in mar's direction.
Meaning: Mars, god of war, marches out of a temple ready to fight while Venus tries to restrain him.

Front 15

Night Watch (1642)

Back 15

Artist: Rembrandt Van Rijn
Style: Baroque
Period: Dutch Golden Age
Elements: Large painting with few figures, top half filled with darkness, only shined light upon important figures to the painting
Meaning: Military Group assembling for visit of Marie de' Medici.

Front 16

Allegory of the Art of Painting by (1670-1675)

Back 16

Artist: Jan Vermeer
Style: Baroque
Period: Dutch Golden Age
Elements: Two figures: the painter himself and the subject, tiled floor and golden chandelier are "out of place", Map in background of Netherlands showing main centers of power.
Meaning: It is an allegory meaning that it is a painting that symbolizes meanings and concepts of painting.