Art History Final

Front 1

Qur'an (Koran)

Back 1

The Islamic sacred book believed to be the word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel and written down in Arabic.

Front 2

Minaret

Back 2

A tall slender tower, typically a part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslim to prayer

Front 3

Qiblah wall

Back 3

The direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays during salah prayers. It is fixed as the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca. (This is also where the mihrab generally is built)

Front 4

Mihrab

Back 4

A niche in the wall of a mosque, at the point nearest to Mecca, toward which the congregation faces to pray.

Front 5

Minbar

Back 5

A short flight of steps used as a platform by a preacher in a mosque.

Front 6

Hanging scroll

Back 6

Calligraphy written on hanging parchment or cloth, more specifically one with the 99 names of Allah.

Front 7

Knotted pile carpet

Back 7

Carpet containing raised surfaces, or piles, from the cut off ends of knots woven between the warp and woof.

Front 8

Warp and weft

Back 8

In weaving, the weft (sometimes woof) is the term for the thread or yarn which is drawn through, inserted over and under, the lengthwise warp yarns that are held in tension on a frame or loom to create cloth.

Front 9

Calligraphy

Back 9

Decorative handwriting or handwritten lettering; The art of producing decorative handwriting or lettering with a pen or brush.

Front 10

Squinches

Back 10

A straight or arched structure across an interior angle of a square tower to carry a superstructure such as a dome.

Front 11

Muqarnas

Back 11

Is a form of architectural ornamented vaulting, the "geometric subdivision of a squinch (among other things) into a large number of miniature squinches, producing a sort of cellular structure", sometimes also called a "honeycomb vault".

Front 12

Handscroll

Back 12

Is a long narrow scroll for displaying a series of scenes; The handscroll presents an artwork in the horizontal fork and can be exceptionally long, usually measuring up to a few meters in length and around 25-40 cm in height.

Front 13

Humanism

Back 13

An outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.

Front 14

Pilaster

Back 14

A rectangular column, especially one projecting from a wall.

Front 15

Cornice

Back 15

Adv ornamental molding around the wall of a room just below the ceiling.

Front 16

One-point perspective

Back 16

Drawing method that shows how things appear to get smaller as they get further away, converging towards a single 'vanishing point' on the horizon line.

Front 17

Orthogonal

Back 17

Of or involving right angles; at right angles.

Front 18

Sfumato

Back 18

The technique of allowing tones and colours to shade gradually into one another, producing softened outlines or hazy forms.

Front 19

Vanishing point

Back 19

The point at which receding parallel lines viewed in perspective appear to converge.

Front 20

Picture plane

Back 20

In perspective, the imaginary plane corresponding to the surface of a picture, perpendicular to the viewers line of sight.

Front 21

Trompe l'oeil

Back 21

("Deceive the eye") is an art technique that uses realistic imagery to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects exists in three dimensions.

Front 22

Triptych

Back 22

A picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.

Front 23

Oil paint

Back 23

A paste made with ground pigment and a drying oil such as linseed oil, used chiefly by artists.

Front 24

Tempera paint

Back 24

Paint that consists of dry pigment and a glutinous water soluble binder, usually some type of sizing. This could refer to several types of paints such as egg tempera, made with egg yolks, as well as casein paints which are made with milk.