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257 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name
Where is it? Period |
Good Shepherd Sarcophagus
from Cata, of Praetextus Early Christianity |
|
Name
Where is it? Period |
Good Sepherd
Catacombs of st. callixtus Early Christianity |
|
Name (what is it)
Where is it Period |
Cubiculum
Catacomb of SS. Peter and Marcellinus Early Christianity |
|
Name
Where Period |
Jonah and the whale
Catacombs of SS Peter and Marcellinus Early Christianity |
|
Name
Where is it Period |
Christ as Orpheus
Catacombs of Domatilla Early Christianity |
|
Name
Where Period |
Good Shepherd Statuette
Rome Early Christianity |
|
Name?
Where? Period? |
Sarcophagus of L. Junius Bassus
Rome Early Christianity |
|
What is it?
Century Period |
Gallery, Catacombs of St. Callixtus, 4th Century
Early Christianity |
|
Name of building
Location Period |
St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Early Christianity |
|
What is it?
Period |
Section of floors, st. peter's
Early Christianity |
|
What plan church?
Period |
Basilica Plan Church
Early Christianity |
|
Name
Location Period |
Santa Costanza, Rome, ca 350
Early Christianity |
|
What type of church plan?
Found in what church? Period? |
Centralized
Santa Costanza in Rome Early Christianity |
|
What is it? Where?
Name Period |
Mosaic in Santa Costanza
"abulatory vault mosiac" Early Christianity |
|
|
Artium
|
an open-roofed entrance hall or central court
|
|
|
Narthex
|
an antechamber, porch, or distinct area at the western entrance of some early Christian churches, separated off by a railing and used by catechumens, penitents, etc.
|
|
|
Transept
|
The bufferzone between the nave and the apse.
|
|
Name
What is it Where is it Period What are some Evangelist symbols? |
Christ Enthroned
Apse Mosaic Santa Pudenziana Early Christianity Matthew-winged man, Mark-lion, Luke-ox, John-eagle |
|
Name, part of building
Location Period |
Nave, Santa Maria Maggiore
Rome Early Christianity |
|
Name
Where is it? Period |
Parting of Lot & Abraham
Santa Maria Maggiore Nave Early Christianity |
|
Name
What is depicted? Period What was it a gift for? Form? |
Ivory Diptych of the Symmachi
Priestess celebrating pagan rites Early Christianity Wedding gift Classical form, nonchristian themes |
|
Name
Location Period What type of plan? |
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
Racenna Byzantine Art Centralized |
|
-Name
-What is it -Where is it -Period -Who does the person represent? -Material used? |
-Good Shepherd -Lunette Mosaic-Mausoleum of Galla Placidia -Byzantine Art -Jesus (can tell by halo, holding cross) -tesserae |
|
Name
Location Period What plan? |
Saint Apollinaire Nuovo
Ravenna Byzantine Art Basilica Plan |
|
|
What's an exonarthex?
What building has one? |
An exterior porch.
S. Apollinaire Nuovo. |
|
Name
Where is it? Material Period |
Nave mosaics: Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes
S. Apollinaire Nuovo Tesserae Byzantine Empire |
|
Name
Where is it? Material Period |
Last Supper
S. Apollinaire Nuovo Tesserae Byzantine Empire |
|
Name
Location Period Plan |
S. Apollinaire in Classe
Ravenna Byzantine Empire Basilica Plan |
|
-What is it?
-Who is shown? -Where is it? -What do the lambs represent? -Period |
-Apse Mosaic
-Saint Apollinaire, along with God, Moses, Elijah, 3 of the apostles -S. Apollinaire in Classe -Sacrifice -Byzantine Empire |
|
Name
Location Period Plan |
Saint Vitale
Ravenna Byzantine Empire (justinian rule) hybrid with basilica, mostly centralized |
|
What is this?
|
Impost Block
-Transitional device, adds height, on top of column |
|
Name (What is it, who's featured)
Where is it? Period |
Choir Mosaics: Justinian and Theodora
Saint Vitale Byzantine Empire (justinian rule) |
|
Name
Where is it? Period |
Apse Mosaic: Second Coming of Christ
Saint Vitale Byzantine Empire (justinian rule) |
|
Name
Location Architects Type of plan Period |
-Hagia Sophia
-Constantinople (Istanbul) -Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus -Centralized -Byzantine (Justinian rule) |
|
What is the name of the dark shaded area?
What building uses these? |
-pendentive
-Hagia Sophia |
|
Name
Location Period |
Daphni Monastery
Athens Byzantine |
|
Name
Where is it? Stance of Christ? Period |
Crucifiction
Daphni Monastery Contrapasso Byzantine |
|
What is this?
What does it do? Where is it? Period |
Squinch
Transfer weight Daphni Monastery Byzantine |
|
Name
Where is it? Period |
Annunciation
Squinch mosaic in Daphni Monastery Byzantine |
|
Name
Location Period |
Lamentation Over the Dead Christ
Nerezi (Macedonia) Byzantine |
|
Name
What is it? Period What is it special? |
Vladimir Madonna
Icon Byzantine Thought to have mythical powers |
|
Name
Artist Period |
The Old Testament Trinity
Andrei Rublev Byzantine |
|
Name
Period |
St Michael Ivory Diptych
Byzantine |
|
Name
Period |
Anastasius Ivory Diptych
Byzantine |
|
Name
Location Period What kind of references? |
Veroli Casket
Constantinople Byzantine Mythological |
|
Name of scene
Where is it? Period Style? |
Sacrifice of Iphigeneia
Veroli Casket Byzantine Classical & Modern-Stylized Hybrid |
|
Name
Location Period Why is it special? What type of halls? |
Great Mosque
Samarra Islamic Largest mosque Hypostylic |
|
Name
Location Period What types of halls? |
Mosque of Cordoba
Spain Islamic Hypostyle |
|
Name & Nickname
Location Period |
Alambra (Palace of the Lions)
Granada (Spain) Islamic |
|
Name
Where is it? Period What (where) is it influenced by? |
Court of the Lions
Alambra Islamic Arab forms |
|
|
Mihreb
|
Focal point in wall where Mohammad placed himself during prayer. Found in mosques
|
|
What/where is this?
Period |
St. Michael's
Hildensheim (Germany) Ottonian Art |
|
Name
Location Period |
Mosque of Cordoba
Touble-tiered Islamic |
|
Name
Artist Where is it? Period |
Hall of Two Sisters
Abencerrajes Alambra Islamic |
|
Name
Location Period |
Taj Mahal
Agra (India) Islamic |
|
|
Who was the Taj Majal created for?
|
The wife of Shah Jahan, Mumtaz
|
|
Name Location Period Materials |
Carpet from Mosque of Shaykh Safi al-Din
Iran Islamic Made from wool and silkfilaments |
|
Name
Location Period |
Sutton Hoo Ship Burial
Suffolk, England Anglo-Saxon (migration art) |
|
Name
Period |
Book of Durrow, Carpet Page
Ireland (Migration Art) |
|
Who's shown
What book Period |
St. Matthew Book of DurrowIreland (migration art) |
|
Name
Who's shown? Period |
Echternach Gospels
St. Matthew Ireland (migration art) |
|
Name
Location Period What kind of vault did it have? |
St. Sernin
Toulouse (France) Romanesque Architecture Barrel Vault |
|
|
What symbol represents St. Mark?
|
Lion
|
|
|
What symbol represents St. Matthew?
|
Man, sometimes winged
|
|
|
What symbol represents St. Luke?
|
Ox or bull
|
|
|
What symbol represents st. john?
|
Eagle
|
|
Name
Style Period |
Purse Cover
Cloisonné Anglo-Saxon (migration art) |
|
Name
Period |
Visigothic Brooch
Anglo-Saxon (migration art) |
|
Name
Period |
Scythian Pectoral
Anglo-Saxon Migration Art |
|
Name
Period |
Shoulder Clasp Anglo-Saxon Migration Art |
|
Name
Period |
Purse Cover
Anglo-Saxon Migration Art |
|
Book
Saint Period |
Book of Durrow
St. Mark Ireland Migration Art |
|
BookPeriod
|
Book of Kells
Ireland Migration Art |
|
Saint
Book Period |
St. John
Book of Kells Ireland Migration Art |
|
Saint
Gospel Period |
St. Matthew
Echternach Gospels Ireland Migration Art |
|
Page
Gospels Period |
Carpet Page
Lindesfarne Gospels Ireland Migration Art |
|
Saint
Gospels Period |
St. Matthew
Lindesfarne Gospels Ireland Migration Art |
|
Name
Monastery & Location Who is shown Period |
Codex Amiatinus
Jarrow Monastery (England) Ezra Ireland Migration Art |
|
Name
Period |
Oseberg Ship Burial
Vikings (Migration Art) |
|
Name
Material Where is it Period |
Bow Sprit
Wood Oseberg Ship Burial Vikings (Migration Art) |
|
Name
Location Period How is it an example that this is a renaissance period? What is the influence for this statue? |
-Equestrian Portrait of Charlemagne
-Metz (France) -Carolingian Renaissance -A return to the classical Roman forms, Charlemagne sought to restore the Roman Empire -The equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius/Constantine |
|
-Name
-Architect -What inpired the plan? -How does the interior differ? -Style -Location -Period |
-Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne
-Odo of Metz -San Vitale, Ravenna -Byzantine and Islamic architectural elements, heavy and dark in spirit -Centralized -Aachen (Germany) -Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Name
Features Period |
Modular, Early Medieval Structure
You can add to it Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Name
Location Period |
St. Riguier
Centula (France) Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Name
Location Period |
St. Gall Monastery
Switzerland Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Name
Location Period |
Lorsch Gateway
Torhall (Germany) Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Saint
Gospel Period |
St. Mark Coronation Gospels of CharlemagneCarolingian Renaissance |
|
Saint
Gospel Period |
St. Matthew
Coronation Gospels of Charlemagne Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Saint
Gospel Location Period |
St. Matthew Gospels of Archbishop EbboNear Reims Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Saint
Gospel Location Period |
St. Luke
Gospels of Archbishop Ebbo Near Reims Carolingian Renaissance |
|
Name Where is it Location Period |
Psalm 150
Utrecht Psalter Reims Carolingian Renaissance |
|
|
Mendorla
|
Oval surrounding Jesus, represents egg, resurrection
|
|
Name
Location System Period |
St. Michael's
Hildensheim (Germany) Modular Ottonian Art |
|
Name
Artist Where was it? Period |
Bronze Doors: Fall and Redemption of Man
Bishop Bernward St. Michaels Ottonian Art |
|
Name
Style Where was it? Period |
Crucifix of Archbishop Gero
Realism, Expressiveness Cologne Cathedral (Germany) Ottonian Art |
|
Name, what it is
Period |
"Doubting Thomas" Ivory Plaque
Ottonian Art |
|
Scene
Name Artist Where was it? Period |
Creation of Eve Bronze Doors: Fall and Redemption of ManBishop BernwardSt. Michaels Ottonian Art |
|
Scene
Name Artist Style Where was it? Period |
Accusation by God
Bronze Doors: Fall and Redemption of Man Bishop Bernward Exressive St. Michaels Ottonian Art |
|
Scene
Name Artist Where was it? Period |
Expulsion of Eden
Bronze Doors: Fall and Redemption of Man Bishop Bernward St. Michaels Ottonian Art |
|
Name
Location Period What kind of vault did it have? |
St. Sernin
Toulouse (France) Romanesque Architecture Barrel Vault |
|
Name
Location Period |
Speyer Cathedral
Germany Romanesque Architecture |
|
Name
Location Style Period |
Pisa Cathedral
Italy Classical, Scupltural Quality Romanesque Architecture |
|
Name
Where is it Period |
Campanile
Pisa Cathedral Romanesque Sculpture |
|
Name
Location Material Period |
San Miniato al Monte
Florence (Italy) Tufa (Facade) Romanesque Architecture |
|
Name
Location Country of influence? Type of vaults? Period |
Sant' Ambrogio
Milan (Italy) Germany Rib vaults Romanesque Architecture |
|
Name
Location Period |
St. Étienne
Caen (France) Romanesque Architecture |
|
Name
Style Types of vaults? Location Period |
Durham Cathedral
Normal Architecture Rib vaults, planned England Romanesque Architecture |
|
-Name -Sculptor
-Where was it? -What type of sculpture? -What does style reflect? -what figures are included to make the round mandorla square? -Period |
-Christ in Majesty
-Bernard Gelduinus -Ambulatory of St. Senin -Monumental stone relief -Illuminated manuscript page -the four Evangelists in the four corners -Romanesque Sculpture |
|
Name Location Period |
St. Pierre Moissac (France) Romanesque |
|
Name Scene being displayed? Where is it? Period |
Last Judgement
Second coming South Portal, St. Pierre Romanesque Sculpture |
|
Label the parts of the portal: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
1. Voussoirs 2. Archivolts 3. Tympanum 4. Lintel 5. Trumeau 6. Jambs |
|
-Name -Where is it? (portal/building) -Style -Period |
-Prophet Jeremiah Trumeau
-South Portal, St. Pierre -Expressive -Romanesque Sculpture |
|
Name
Where on the building? Sculptor Where was it? Location Period |
Last Judgement
West Tympanum Gislebertus St. Lazare Autun, France Romanesque Sculpture |
|
-Name -Where was it in the building? -Room, building -Artist -Location -Verse -Period |
-Mission of Apostles
-Tympanum, Central Portal -Narthex, Church of the Madeleine -Vézelay -France -Acts: 1:4-9 -Romanesque Sculpture |
|
Name Architect Location Period |
Saint-Denis Basillica Abbot Suger France French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
Laon Cathedral Leon, France Early Gothic (French Gothic) |
|
-Part of building -What is it? -What does it do? -What cathedral? -What kind of vaults? -Period |
-Triforium -The three sets of arches (triforium) -Gives depth, scultural quality, adds zone of activity (of decoration) -Laon Cathedral -Ribbed -French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
Cathedral of Notre-Dame Paris French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
Chartres Cathedtral France High Gothic (French Gothic) |
|
Name Architect Period |
Amiens Cathedral Robert de Luzarches French Gothic |
|
Name Period |
Beauvais Cathedral French Gothic |
|
Name Location Who constructed it? What is it mostly? Period |
Sainte Chapelle Paris Louis IX Clerestory (windows) French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
Salisbury Cathedtral England Non-French Gothic |
|
Name Location Style? Period |
Gloucester Cathedral England French Non-French Gothic |
|
Room Style Where is it? Vault style? Period |
Choir Perpendicular Style Gloucester Cathedral Barrel Vault Non-French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
Westminster Abbey London Non-French Gothic |
|
-Name of vault type -Where is it? -Decorative or structural? -Period |
Fan Vault Westminster Abbey Decorative Non-French Gothic |
|
|
? |
Chapel of Henry VII Westminster Abbey Non-French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
Cologne Cathedral Germany Non-French Gothic |
|
Room Building Copy of what cathedral? Period |
Choir Cologne Cathedral Amien Non-French Gothic |
|
Name Location Period |
St. Elizabeth Marburg, England Non-French Gothic |
|
|
What's special about St. Elizabeth at Marburg? What is it inspired by? (country) |
Hall Church (aisles same height as nave) Germanic |
|
Name ______ Facade Location Period |
Chartres Cathedral West Facade France Gothic Sculpture |
|
-Name -Who do they represent? -What cathedral? -____(or____) Portal -Period |
-Kings and Queens of the Old Testament -Ancestors of Virgin Mary/Jesus, contemporary kings and queens -Chartres -West Portal ("Royal Portal") -Gothic Sculpture |
|
Name of Cathedral ____ _____ Portal Period |
Chartres South Transept Portal Gothic Sculpture |
|
-Name -Where are they? (Portal & Cathedral) -Period |
-Saints Martin and Jerome -South Transept Portal of Chartres -Gothic Sculpture |
|
-Name -What porch? -Where are they? (Portal & Cathedral) -Stance? -Period |
-Saint Theodore -Porch of Martyrs -South Transept Portal of Chartres -Contrepossto -Gothic Sculpture |
|
Name Who does it represent? What cathedral? ____ Facade |
Annunciation (left) and Visitation Groups (right) Virgin Mary Reims Cathedral (France) West Facade |
|
Name Where is it? Period |
Virgin of Paris Cathedral of Notre-Dame Gothic Sculpture |
|
-Names -Cathedral -What room? -Style -How are they still painted after all the years? -Period |
-Ekkehard and Uta -Naumurg Cathedral -Choir -Naturalistic -They are indoor statues, theystand in the choir space but are reflective of outdoor jambs -Gothic Sculpture |
|
-Name -What classical statue does it reflect? -How is the figure depictedstylistically? -Location -Period |
-Bamberg Rider -The Equestrian Statue ofMarcus Aurelius -Naturalistically, almost as ifhe was mid-speech -Bamberg Cathedral (Germany) -Gothic Sculpture |
|
|
_______ said that the body and form were closely alligned, led to more naturalistic sculptures |
Aristotle |
|
|
Who is buried in the catacomb of st. Callistux? |
Christians, buried together outside of Rome |
|
|
What are cubicula? |
Rooms or cells in the catacombs |
|
|
What is the common motif found in the catacombs of St. Callixtus, what does it symbolically represent in Christianity? |
The good shepard, symbolic representation of Christ in his role on Earth. |
|
|
What is considered the first Christian imagry? |
Painted frescos in the catacombs |
|
What old testament imagry is included in the cubiculum of catacomb of SS. Peter and Marcellinus? What is at the center? |
Jonah and the Whale and the Good Shepherd is at the center |
|
|
How is the old testament story related to Christ? |
The story is thought to be a prophetic link to Christ's death and resurrection. |
|
What pagan imagery is used in the catacombs of Domatilla in relation to Christianity? Why would early Christians use pagan symbolism as imagery? |
- Christ as Orpheus - Orpheus went into the underworldand returned, a similar story as Christ that bridges the gap between paganismand Christianity |
|
Good Shepherd Sarc. How is the imagery a theme of Christ? What other figures are depicted ? What are the figures doing and how is it both Christian and pagan? |
-It depicts three good shepherdfigure -Cupid has become putti figures (smallcherubs)---Harvesting grapes, a metaphorfor wine as Christ’s blood and also as related to Dionysius |
|
Whatis the main stylistic feature of the GoodShepherd Statuette that is Classical? (hint: the pose) |
The contropossto pose |
|
On the Sarcophagus of Lucius Junius Bassus, how is it known what his rank and position were? Where are the scenes derived from? Is Christ symbolic or identifiable? |
-The inscription that gives hiscurriculum vitae at the top of the sarcophagus -Old Testament, examples: sacrifice of Isaac, Adam and Eve -Identifiably |
|
|
What type of building plan was used for Christian churches that were non-religious?Where is Old St Peter’s Basilica built and why? |
-The basilica plan -Vatican City, the basilica wasbuilt around where Peter supposedly would have been buried |
|
|
An open congregation point (those unbaptized removed there during rituals of the service) |
Atrium |
|
|
The transitionpoint between atrium and the nave |
Narthex |
|
|
the main body of the basilica |
Nave |
|
|
transition between the nave and the apse |
Transept |
|
|
the place of the altar, holy of holies |
Apse |
|
|
What does the name of the plan that's made up of the atrium, narthex, nave, transept and apse in a Christian basilica and what does it symbolize? |
Cruciform plan, symbolizing theCrucifixion |
|
|
What term is used to identify the plan of the Santa Constanza? Where in the Empire is this plan commonly used and where is thebasilica plan dominantly used? |
-Centralized plan (in the roundand radiating from the center) -Centralized in the East, basilica in the West |
|
|
What is the aisle without beginning or end termed? What material is used for the ambulatory vault mosaics? What is the imagery used still? |
-Ambulatory -Colored glass -The putti harvesting grapes for wine |
|
|
How is Christ’s position elevated in the Christ Enthroned, Santa Pudenziana? What elements of Christ are forming now in his image? |
-Christ is shown on a throne above the other apostles -He is shown with a beard, on the throne, in the golden robe |
|
|
-What mosaic is shown in the Santa Maria Maggiore and where does it come from? -What does it depict? |
-The Parting of Lot and Abraham, Old Testament -Abraham and brother Lot parting ways, Lot and company going into the city of Gomorrah and Abraham and companygoing into the basilica church |
|
-What is a diptych? -What is significant about the ivory Diptych of the Symmachi when compared to the style Christians seem to prefer? |
-Diptych = a cover on a writing tablet -The figure is still a very much classical form unlike the forms that Christians usually use that are less classical and more flat |
|
Whatis the philosophical meaning of the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia to beplain in exterior but ornately decorated internally? |
The outside body is temporaryand unimportant and it is the inside soul that is important |
|
|
What is a lunette? |
ahalf moon shape |
|
What has changed stylistically about the Good Shepherd image that signifies Christ now? Why is this mosaic less detailed than others? |
-The gold and purple robes ofroyalty, the halo behind his head -The large tesserae of the mosaicmake it more difficult to make fine details |
|
Inthe San Apollinaire Nuovo what is the origin of the nave mosaic Miracleof the Loaves and Fishes? Is it easy to tell who the figures in the Last Supper mosaic are? |
-Germanic -No, they are all depicted muchthe same, without identity |
|
In the San Apollinaire Nuovo, what has been lost from the figures, stylistically? |
Volume has been lost, the figures are very flat |
|
Whatare the figures surrounding Saint Apollinaire in the apse of the SanApollinaire in Classe? Why?Stylistically, how are the figures andlandscape shown? |
-12 sheep, may represent theapostles but also symbolic sacrificial figures of the congregation -They are flat, without any senseof real naturalism or classical representation |
|
|
Whatis the shape of San Vitale? |
-Octagonal |
|
|
What is an impost block? |
transitional block betweencapital and the arch |
|
In the Justinian and Theodora choir mosaics, how is rank and status depicted? |
Justinian and Theodora are inthe center, at point, also, the feet of the most important are in front ofthose less important all the way back, stepping on each other |
|
How does Justinian mirror the image of Christ in the apse mosaic? In the Second Coming of Christ apse mosaic, what figures, besides Christ are included, what does one hold? |
-The ornate halo and the purpleand gold robes -Archangels Michael and Gabriel,and two church officials San Vitale and Saint Ecclesiast, one holds the churchof San Vitale |
|
|
Who are the architects of Hagia Sophia,Constantinople? |
-Anthemius of Tralles andIsidorus of Miletus |
|
|
Why have most of the mosaics been covered over in Hagia Sophia? |
When the Ottoman Turks took overthe city they converted it to Islam and plastered over the Christian mosaics |
|
|
What is a pendentive? |
triangularsegments of a sphere that transfer weight of a dome onto four square pressurepoints |
|
|
Whatwas the iconoclasm? |
The destruction of religiousimages due to the belief in idolatry |
|
Afterthe iconoclasm, art stylistically changed back to what? How is that seen inthe Crucifixion, Daphni Monastery? |
Classical art. The figures are less flat and more defined |
|
|
What is a squinch? |
hallowed out shell curved intothe corner |
|
|
How are the figures arranged in the Annunciation scene in the Daphni Monastery? |
On two different walls, spanningthe space so they are connected |
|
Howdoes the painting of the Lamentation Over the Dead Christ, Nerezi (Macedonia)convey emotion? |
The figures are filled withtears and sorrow, Mary grasps at Christ |
|
Whatis an icon? Why were icons like the VladimirMadonna hated? |
-Small, portable devotionalimages -They were seen as idolatryimages, people were worshipping to them |
|
|
Whois the artist of the Old Testament Trinity? How does he use color? |
-Andrei Rublev -Complimentary colors to createthe vivid image |
|
How is the figure of St Michael depicted in this IvoryDiptych? How does St Michael’s Diptych contrast to the Anastasius Ivory Diptych? |
-Classically, but appears to befloating over the stairs -Not inspired by classical forms,very flattened out |
|
Whattype of imagery is on the Veroli Casket? What figures are added into the animal scene of Sacrificeof Iphigeneia that makes it a parody of classical art? |
-Mythological -Putti |
|
|
Whowas the founder of Islam? Who is the Islamic God? |
- Muhammad - Allah |
|
|
Whatis a mosque? What does the plan simulate? |
-Mosque = a prayer hall -A hypostyle hall with lots ofcolumns- |
|
|
What is a mihrab? |
focal point on the wall that faces Mecca |
|
What is a minaret? What is the style of this minaret? |
-Minaret =the tower from which there is a call to prayer five times a day -A spiraling tower |
|
Whereis the Mosque at Cordoba located? What does the interior of the Mosque symbolize? What is unique about the appearance and functionality of the arcades? |
-Spain -The size of the mosque increasedas Islam became more popular -Double tiered arches, classicalcolumns with pillars on top of columns and then arches of stripped coloredstones |
|
|
With no human representations, what does Islam use for ornate decoration? |
-Calligraphy, passages from the Koran |
|
Why were lions allowed as forms supporting thefountain in the Court of the Lions? Is thearchitecture classical? What are the decorative patterns made from,what does it look like? |
-This is not religiousarchitecture, so it was possible to use figurative animal representations-No, the columns are Arab forms,not classical -Stucco on the wall, weaving(textile looking) |
|
In the Hall of the Two Sisters, what architectural element is present and how is it different than other domes? |
A decorative dome, it has thingshanging down like lace |
|
|
What was the function of the Taj Mahal,Agra (India)? What is different about this dome? What types of arches were invented by Islamic art? What are the four columns at the corners? |
-A mausoleum for wife ofShah Jahan -It is not completely spherical -The pointed arch -Minarets |
|
|
What is happening as a result of the collapse of the Roman Empire? What is Hiberno-Saxon art? |
-Migrations away from the RomanEmpire -An art style created in theBritish Isles, like Ireland, it was a mix of styles |
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What excavation in the 1930s held the earliest collection of medieval art discovered so far? What is cloissonée? |
-SuttonHoo Ship Burial, Suffolk (England) -compartments ofenamel chips fired to fill the compartment |
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On the Purse Cover what kind of imagery is used, is it realistic or abstract? |
Entwined snakes, animal andhuman figures, it is abstracted and stylized |
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What type of decoration is used on the Visigoth Brooch that is also used in the illumination work such asthe Carpet Page, Book of Durrow? |
- Interlaced patterns |
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What is meant by carpet page in the Book of Durrow? |
the rectangularform |
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-TheBook of Durrow and Book of Kells are decorated with whattype of imagery? -What is the connection tometalworking for manuscripts? |
- Christian imagery, images of thesaints- - The stylized decorations aresimilar to the style of metalworking |
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The image ofSaint Matthew from the Echternach Gospelsincludes what shapes that are not realistic? |
His body is made of large tear drop shapes |
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Wherewere the Lindesfarne Gospels made,and what does this mean? How is the image of Saint Matthew depicted differentlyin the Lindesfarne Gospels? |
-Northeastern England,monasteries are becoming widespread -He is depicted realisticallyinstead of abstractly, there is a whole scene created on this page |
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In theillumination of Ezra page, from the CodexAmiatinus, from Jarrow Monastery (England), what is included that makes itdifferent? |
It is realistically depicted, there is ascene around him, a background with a bookshelf |
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Who wasburied in the Oseberg Ship Burial?How is the head of the snake creature carved? (hint: style) |
-Two Viking women -Stylistically, interlacing patterns,expressive |
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-How was St. Riquier, Centula(France) destroyed? -What is the term used to describe the type of structure? -Whatis the westwork? Who goes in it? -In this period what do the towers represent? |
-In the French revolution -Modular – separate components (modules)that can be connected together -Westwork – west-facingentrance for VIP guests-The quest for height |
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Why is it necessary to have a hospital and animals pens at the St. Gall Monastery, Switzerland? |
The monastery would have beenlike a whole community for the monks, everything they needed would be takencare of |
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-What influenced the Lorsch Gateway? -What kind of lintel is used? -What decorative scheme is seen on the exterior? |
-Arch of Constantine -A pyramidal lintel -Inlaid marble stones placed inpatterns, similar to cloissonée |
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-What is the style of the St.Matthew page of the CoronationGospels? -How is the border of the St. Mark page classical in nature rather than Hiberno-Saxon? |
-Classical,three-dimensionality and a sense of naturalistic form and landscape, idealized -Instead of interlacing linesthere are spiral-like shapes |
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How are the St. Matthew andSt. Luke represented differently inthe Gospels of Archbishop Ebbo, nearReims than in the Coronation Gospels ofCharlemagne? |
Depicted with an frenziedenergy by fine lines, he is expressive rather than classical calm |
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What is apsalter? |
a collection of the songs ofDavid |
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What is the medium and style of the Psalm 150 in the Utrecht Psalter, from Reims? |
Pen and ink, very expressive |
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What is a mendorla? |
the egg-like shape thatsurrounds and emphasizes Christ |
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Why were fewer churches being made at during Ottian art? |
People of the middle agesbelieved the world would end in the year 1000 |
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-Who built St. Michael's in Hildesheim? -What Roman structuredoes the plan mimic? -How do numbers play a role? -What is influenced by theCarolingian period? |
-Bishop Bernward -A basilica style church -Four piers (evangelists),three bays (trinity), ect.-Alternating colored stones inthe architecture |
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-How is the material of the Bronze Doors at St. Michael's, Hildesheim (Germany) in contrast to the style? -Whatscenes are shown? -What is the style of the scenes of Adam and Eve? |
-The pieces of cast bronze arethe largest since antiquity but the style of figures are rectangular and smallscale -Fall of Man and Expulsion fromEden -Expressive features, theemotion of God’s gesture and the details of the plants |
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How is the depiction of Jesus on the Crucifix of Archbishop Gero, Cologne Cathedral differentthan the Byzantine styles? |
The body represents a realdead person (complete with blood pooling), unlike the philosophical statementof classical aesthetics and idealism in the Byzantine Christ |
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-What are relics? -Why was there demand for relics? |
-Relics = objects, bits andpieces of martyrs or saints filled with power -People thought that touchingor being near these objects would transfer some of the power |
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Whatis the Romanesque style of architecture? How did the social classes change inthis period? |
-Roman-like, heavy and ponderous,Roman vaulting techniques (barrel and groin) -The rise of the middle class andurbanization |
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How are relics significant to St.Sernin, Toulouse? How is the interior common of the Romanesquestyle, how does this style effect the emotions of the visitor? What were thepurposes behind using stone vaulting? |
-This church was built toattract pilgrims to spend money in Toulouse, relics were placed inside thechurch as a means of attracting them to be filled with that power -Dark, somber, lacking light; createsan oasis of contemplation and prayer -To create a firewall, in casethe roof burned, for the acoustics and for the aesthetic appeal |
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Why was the Speyer Cathedral (Germany) laterrevaulted in revaulted 1082-1106? |
It was originally a woodenrafter church, but revaulted later with stones |
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-What is the purpose of the PisaCathedral campanile famously known as the Leaning Tower of Pisa? -How are the Romanesque buildings in the south different than in the north? -Howis the interior the same as the north? -What is the influence of the pointedarch? |
-The bell tower of theCathedral -The exterior is moreconsistent with the Roman classical style, more sculptural -Apse that radiates outof the building and smaller chapels along the sides -Islamic art |
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-What is the building material of the San Miniato al Monte, Florence? -What is the style of theJesus mosaic? -What is the name of the arches, why were they used? -Is theinterior representative of the Northern or Southern style? |
-Tufa -Byzantine -Diaphragm arches, to create apartial firebreak -Both styles |
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What Southern feature was last used in a church for Sant’ Ambrogio, Milan? -Insteadof groin vaults, what type of vaults is used and why? |
-Atrium -Ribbed vaults, to make it morestructurally sound, sound effects and firebreak |
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How is the use of ribs evident in the construction of St. Étienne, Caen (France)? |
The height of the church, thelight that can be let in with the open walls |
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-What example of architecture are both St. Étienne and DurhamCathedral (England)? -How is DurhamCathedral different than St. Étienne?(hint: architectural style) -What support system is still used, why? |
-Normand -The first church intended tobe made with ribbed vaults -Alternate support system tocreate a sense of regular geometric patterns |
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moon-shaped space in betweenthe lintel and archivolts |
Tympanum |
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center column supportingthe lintel and tympanum of the doorway |
Trumeau |
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frames flanking thedoorway |
Jambs |
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ornamentalmolding following the underside curve of the arch |
Archivolt |
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block above the jambs and door |
Lintel |
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-is the Christ image placed here? -Where is the Last Judgment placed? -What is the styleof the figures that reflects the medieval period and not the classical? |
-In the Gospel of John Christsays that He is the door, who enters through Him will be saved -Tympanum -Expressive, flat shallowrelief |
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-What figure is carved onto the side of the St. Pierre South Portaltrumeau, how is it related to the LastJudgment relief above? -How is the figure a part of the architecture? |
-Prophet Jeremiah, he was aprophet that told of the coming of Christ, connecting the Old and New Testamentstories -The figure is part of thearchitecture instead of being separate from it, he fits into the block with aflat and stretched body |
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-Emotion of this LastJudgment? -How are the figures on the right differentiated fromthose on the left?the lintel below? -What activitytakes place on the left side? |
-This scene is about fire andbrimstone, it is much more forbidding apocalyptic -Figures on the right are beingsaved as they are good and those on the left are being sent to hell becausethey are bad, the lintel has the risen dead to be judged as well, ArchangelMichael divides the good from the bad -Weighing souls of those thatcan still be saved |
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-What is the subject matter of the Mission of the Apostles? -How does it relate to Acts 1:4-9? -How is thedrapery rendered? |
-Crusades, showing the apostlesgoing into the world with the power of God -Acts 1:4-9 says to go into theworld, preach the gospel and heal the sick -Flat and with fine line swirlsto create texture and depth |
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Who was Abbott Suger and how is he connected to Saint-Denis Basilica? What is the philosophicalsymbolism of light in the church and how is the light let in? |
-Advisorof Louis VII, he rebuilt the church -The lightof God, to create a mystical aura inside the church, through stained glass |
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What is the shape of the rib arches, why? What are the images on stained glass meant to do? |
-Pointed, to achieve height and distribute weight evenly to allow for more windows -Educate, moralize, beauty and radiance |
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How does Gothic architecture differ from Romanesque as exemplified in Laon Cathedral? |
-Gothic architecture is less somber and ponderous |
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What is a triforium? Why was it added? |
-a shallow arched space in-between the gallery and clerestory, a sculptural element -to break up the wall space because the walls are higher |
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-Does the Paris Cathedral of Notre-Dame have the triforium wall element? -What does the height of this Notre Dame as compared to the others we’ve seen say, why arearchitects trying to height? |
-No, it only has the three wall part system -The height indicates that with his cathedral a greater height is need to beachieved, the idea of soaring elevation and to be closer to God |
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-What does the plan of the Chartres Cathedral reflect? -What support system is not used? -What wall element is taken out, what does this say about the social order of the time? -In order to distribute weight out to a wider base, what arched element was used and when were they first used? |
-Simplicity and the High Gothic -Alternate support system -The gallery level, the churches are being built by the middle class, the gallerythat would have been for the aristocracy is no longer needed as they did notfund the church -Flying buttresses, first seen at the Paris Cathedral of Notre-Dame |
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Who is the architect of Amiens Cathedral? |
Robert de Luzarches |
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Unlike churches of the past, what is the interior/exterior of the Gothic style? |
A more elaborate and decorative exterior, with lots of height but a more simplistic interior |
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How much higher than Laon Cathedral is the Beauvais Cathedral and what was theresult of this height? |
Almost doublethe height (Loan was about 80 feet while Beauvais is 150), Beauvais collapsedat first and had to be rebuilt |
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-Who constructed the Paris Sainte Chapelle and for what purpose? -How is it differentthan the Gothic Cathedrals, why does it exemplify the Gothic style (at leastaccording to Abbott Suger)? -How is the interior more radiant? |
-Louis IX,as a chapel for the royal palace for the relics from the Holy Land (Crown ofthrones and the nails from the Crucifix) -It ismuch shorter in height, it is more modest and simplistic with almost allstained glass -Theinterior wood was painted for more radiance |
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How is SalisburyCathedral different than the French Gothic style? (hint: exterior andinterior) |
There ismore landscape space around the building, the outer façade has more width andmakes it difficult to determine the interior elements and there is not as muchheight, different colored stones and no engaged columns for vertical emphasis |
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-What is the perpendicular style of the Gloucester Cathedral choir? -How is thevaulting different? -What does the ceiling decoration of the cloister represent? |
-Perpendicularstyle, accent on the vertical rather than the horizontal-Notribbed but a Celtic lace decorated barrel vault that looks like ribbing -Rosetteand arched windows without any glass |
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What is the purpose of the London Westminster Abbey? (hint: who built it) What type of vaultis used on the ceiling, why? |
-Chapel ofHenry VII -Fanvaults, extremely decorative and elaborate that add a sculptural quality |
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What French church does the Cologne Cathedral mimic? How does the choir reflect Abbott Suger’s philosophy of churches? |
-Amiens Cathedral -The choir is almost all glass that allowslight to shine in |
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How does the transept at Marburg St. Elizabeth differ from others? |
The endsare curvilinear, making a clover type shape |
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What is a Hall Church? |
the isles are the same as the nave |
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Why is the West Portal at Chartres called the “Royal Portal”? Whydo they wear contemporary clothing? What kind of relief is used and what is thestyle? What philosophies influenced this style? |
-The Kings & Queens of the Old Testament are sculpted on the door jambs -represent the Kings and Queen of France -High relief with more volume & roundness, more human and realistic, less expressive -Aristotle’s philosophythat the body and spirit are one |
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How are Saints Martin and Jerome sculpted on the jambs of the Chartres South Transept Portal? How is Saint Theodore modelled, what classical sculpture does it reflect? |
-They are almost completelyseparate from the architecture, they stand on pedestals as they inhabit their space, and they communicate with each other -It appears to be modeled after classical forms, like the Spear Bearer sculpture, there is also an “S” curve orartificial contropossto pose |
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-Why are scenes from Mary’s life included on the West facade ofReims Cathedral (France)? |
-Like most Cathedrals, Reims is dedicated to Mary (Notre Dame) |
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-How do the figures of the Annunciation differ stylistically? -What is the style of the Visitation figures? |
-Mary is not expressive, she looks down in contemplation, her anatomy is definable beneath her drapery while Gabriel has much more drapery and makes him more androgynous and in a courtly style, he also has a more expressive posture and face -Like Roman matron statues, especially evident in the facial features |
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What style is the Virgin ofParis, Cathedral of Notre-Dame Paris and what are the indicators? |
The same court style of the Reims Cathedral Gabriel figure, the heavy, rich drapery, the unnaturally exaggerated “S” curve |
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-What architecture element is this? -What does it do? -What cathedral is this? -When was this element 1st used? |
-Flying Buttresses -Distribute weight out to a wider base -Chartres -Notre Dame |
