Art History Exam Ii

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Back 1

Chimera

Etruscan

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Back 2

Capitoline Wolf

Etruscan

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Back 3

Marcus Aurelius

Roman

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Back 4

Amphiteater

Roman

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Back 5

Pantheon

Roman

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Back 6

Column of Trajan

Roman

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Back 7

Constantine

Roman

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Back 8

Colosseum

Roman

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Back 9

Pont Du Gard

Roman

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Back 10

Augustus

Roman

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Back 11

Samuel Anointing David

Late Antiquity

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Back 12

Christ Seated

Late antiquity

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Back 13

Christ as a good shepherd

Late Antiquity

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Back 14

Christ Before Pilot

Late Antiquity

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Back 15

Empress Theodora

Byzantine

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Back 16

Hagia Sophia

Byzantine

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Pantokrater

Byzantine

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Theotokos

Byzantine

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Mihrab

Islam

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Back 20

The Dome Of the rock

Islam

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Fibula

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- A decorative pin, usually used to fasten garments

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Repousse

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Formed in relief by beating a metal plate from the back, leaving the impression on the face. The metal sheet is hammered into a hollow mold of wood or some other pliable material and finished with a graver.

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Granulation

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A decorative technique in which tiny metal balls are fused to a metal surface

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Tuscan Columns

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The standard type of Etruscan column. It resembles ancient greek doric columns but is made of wood, is unfluted, and has a base

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Capitoline Wolf

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is a bronze sculpture of a she-wolf suckling twin human infants, inspired by the legend of the founding of Rome

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Chimera

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A monster of Greek invention with the head and body of a lion and the tail of a serpent. A second head, that of a goat, grows out one side of the body

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Circus Maximus

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an ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy.

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Pantheon

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all the gods of a people or religion collectively.

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Column Of Trajan

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is a Roman triumphal column in Rome, Italy, that commemorates Roman emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars.

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Forum

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The public square of an ancient roman city

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Basilica

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- In Roman architecture, a public building for legal and other civic proceedings, rectangular in plan with an entrance usually on a long side. In Christian architecture, a church somewhat resembling the roman basilica, usually entered from one end and with an apse at the other

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Colosseum

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a old timey stadium

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Barrel Vault

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is an extension of a simple arch, creating a semi cylindrical ceiling over parallel walls.

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Groin Vault

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Is formed by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults of equal size

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Dome

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A hemispherical vault; Theoretically, an arch rotated on its vertical axis. In Mycenaean architecture, domes are beehive shaped

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Oculus

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The round central opening of a dome. Also, a small round window in a gothic cathedral

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Amphiteater

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a roman building type resembling two greek theaters put together. The roman amphitheater featured a continuous elliptical cavea around a central arena

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Pax Romana

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- is a Latin term referring to the Empire in its glorified prime. From the end of the Republican civil wars, beginning with the accession of Augustus in 27 BC, this era in Roman history lasted until 180 AD and the death of Marcus Aurelius.

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Aqueducts

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an artificial channel for conveying water, typically in the form of a bridge supported by tall columns across a valley.

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Concrete

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a building material invented by romans and consisting of various proportions of lime, mortar, volcanic sand, water and small stones

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Polytheism

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The belief in multiple gods

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Monotheism

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The belief in one god

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Yahweh

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a form of the Hebrew name of God used in the Bible. The name came to be regarded by Jews ( circa 300 BC) as too sacred to be spoken, and the vowel sounds are uncertain.

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Dura Europe

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was a Hellenistic, Parthian and Roman border city built on an escarpment 90 metres (300 feet) above the right bank of the Euphrates river.

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Baptism

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The Christian bathing ceremony in which an infant or convert becomes a member of the Christian community

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Edict of Milian

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was a letter signed by the Roman emperors Constantine and Licinius, that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire. The letter was issued in 313, shortly after the end of the persecution of Christians by the emperor Diocletian.

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Catacombs

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subterranean networks of rock cut galleries and chambers designed as cemeteries for the burial of the dead

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Loculi

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openings in the walls of catacombs to receive the dead

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Cubicula

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- a small cubicle or bedroom that opened onto the atrium of a roman house. Also, a chamber in an early Christian catacomb that served as a mortuary chapel

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Lunettes

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- a semicircular area in a wall over a door, niche or window, also a painting or relief with a semicircular frame

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Prefiguration

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In Early Christian Art, the depiction of Old Testament persons and events as prophetic forerunners of Christ and New Testament events

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Orants

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In early Christian art, a figure with both arms raised in the gesture of prayer.

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Apostles

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greek messenger, one of the 12 disciples of Jesus

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Passion

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suffering and death of jesus

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Relics

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Thebody parts, clothing, or objects associated with a holy figure

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Illumiated Manuscrips

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- a luxurious hand made book with painted illistruations and decorations

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Mosaics

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patterns or pictures made by embedding small pieces of stone or glass in cement on surfaces such as walls and floors; also, the technique of making such works.

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Justinian

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Originally Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus. AD 483–565. Byzantine emperor (527–565) who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians and reconquered former Roman territories in Africa, Italy, and Spain.

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Pendentives

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A concave, triangular section of a hemisphere, four of which provide the transition from a square area to the circular base of a covering dome. Although pendentives appear to be hanging from the dome they in face support it

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Hagia sophia

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- is a former Christian patriarchal basilica (church), later an imperial mosque, and now a museum (Ayasofya Müzesi) in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Iconoclasts

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-A person who attacks cherished beliefs

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Pantokrator

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Ruler of all. Christ as ruler and judge

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Apse-A-recess

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usually semicircular, in the wall of a building, commonly found at the east end of a church

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Dome

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A hemispherical vault; Theoretically an arch rotated on its vertical axis. In Mycenaean architecture domes are beehive shaped

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Semi-Dome

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also called a "half-dome", is the term in architecture for half a dome ("cut" vertically), used to cover a semi-circular area. Similar structures occur in nature.

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Diptych

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- A two paneled painting or altarpiece; also an ancient roman early Christian or byzantine hinged writing tablet, often of ivory and carved on the external sides

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Ivory Carvings

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is the carving of ivory, that is to say animal tooth or tusk, by using sharp cutting tools, either mechanically or manually

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Squinches

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an archeticural device used as a transition from a square to a polygonal or circular base for a dome. It may be composed of lintels, corbels, or arches.

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Theodora

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was an erotic dancer who married Justinian

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Dome of the rock

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is a shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem.

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Arcades

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a series of arches supported by piers or columns

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Minarets

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A distinctive feature of mosque architecture, a tower from which the faithful are called to worship

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Mosque

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The Islamic building for collective worship. From the Arabic word masjid, Meaning place for bowing down

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Umayyad Palace

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is a large palatial complex from the Umayyad period, located on the Citadel Hill (Jabal al-Qal'a) of Amman, Jordan. Built during the first half of the 8th century, it is now largely ruined, with a restored domed entrance chamber, known as the "kiosk" or "monumental gateway".

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Madrasa

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An Islamic theological college adjoining and often containing a mosque

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Suitan

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a muslim ruler

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Sunnah

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The collection of the prophet Muhamad’s moral sayings and descriptions of his deeds

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Koran

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Islams sacred book, composed of surahs divided into verses

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Surah

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Chapter in the koran