Art History (Chapter 2) : The Fertile Crescent And Mesopotamia

Front 1

Walls and Tower, Jericho (Age)

Back 1

8,000 BCE- 7,000 BCE

Front 2

Walls and Tower, Jericho (Location)

Back 2

West Bank

Front 3

Walls and Tower, Jericho (Materials)

Back 3

Mud and Brick with Stone Foundation

Front 4

Walls and Tower, Jericho (Significance)

Back 4

There is a biblical reference to the towers- the people felt they needed protection and the wall was 5 ft thick and 20 ft high

Front 5

Chatal Huyuk (Age)

Back 5

6500-5500 BCE

Front 6

Chatal Huyuk (Materials)

Back 6

Mud and Brick

Front 7

Chatal Huyuk (Locations)

Back 7

Anatolia (Present Day Turkey)

Front 8

Chatal Huyuk (Significance)

Back 8

No streets- rooftops were used to move about. People were buried inside of the homes. There was ventilation for smoke, pottery found inside, no written history

Front 9

Figure Ain Ghazal (Age)

Back 9

7,000 - 6,000 BCE

Front 10

Figure Ain Ghazal (Location)

Back 10

Jordan

Front 11

Figure Ain Ghazal (Materials)

Back 11

Fired lime plaster with cowrie shell, bitumen, and paint

Front 12

Figure Ain Ghazal (Size)

Back 12

About 35" (the one pictured) but they came in all sizes

Front 13

The White Temple (Age)

Back 13

3300-3000 BCE

Front 14

The White Temple (Location)

Back 14

Uruk (Present Day Warka, Iraq)

Front 15

The White Temple (Materials)

Back 15

Brick and Mud (no access to stone)

Front 16

The White Temple (Significance)

Back 16

Showed the wealth and prestige of the city, dedicated to the Sky God

Front 17

Warka Head (Location)

Back 17

Warka, Iraq

Front 18

Warka Head (Age)

Back 18

3300-3000 BCE

Front 19

Warka Head (Materials)

Back 19

Marble

Front 20

Warka Head (Size)

Back 20

8 Inches

Front 21

Warka Head (Significance)

Back 21

May represent the Goddess Inanna

Front 22

Carved Vase (Age)

Back 22

3300-3000 BCE

Front 23

Carved Vase (Location)

Back 23

Warka, Iraq

Front 24

Carved Vase (Materials)

Back 24

Alabaster

Front 25

Carved Vase (Size)

Back 25

36 Inches Tall

Front 26

Carved Vase (Significance)

Back 26

Tells a story, uses registers, heiratic scale, low relief- shows Goddess Inanna

Front 27

Votive Figures (Location)

Back 27

Tell Asmar, Iraq

Front 28

Votive Figures (Age)

Back 28

2900-2600 BCE

Front 29

Votive Figures (Size)

Back 29

Tallest one is 30", but varying heights

Front 30

Votive Figures (Materials)

Back 30

Gypsum, Alabaster, Limestone

Front 31

Votive Figures (Significance)

Back 31

May be attentive and waiting for something due to the wide eyes

Front 32

Nanna Ziggurat (Age)

Back 32

2100 - 2050 BCE

Front 33

Nanna Ziggurat (Location)

Back 33

Ur (Muquaiyir, Iraq)

Front 34

Nanna Ziggurat (Significance)

Back 34

For the Moon God Nanna

Front 35

Nanna Ziggurat (Size)

Back 35

205 x 141 Ft

Front 36

Nanna Ziggurat (Material)

Back 36

Mud-brick

Front 37

Great Lyre with Bull’s Head (Age)

Back 37

2550 - 2400 BCE

Front 38

Great Lyre with Bull’s Head (Location)

Back 38

Royal Tomb, Ur (Muquaiyir, Iraq)

Front 39

Great Lyre with Bull’s Head (Significance)

Back 39

Tells a story, has registers, may reference Gilgamesh

Front 40

Great Lyre with Bull’s Head (Materials)

Back 40

Wood with Gold, Lapis lazuli, bitumen, shell

Front 41

Head of a Man (Age)

Back 41

2300-2200 BCE

Front 42

Head of a Man (Location)

Back 42

Ninevah

Front 43

Head of a Man (Materials)

Back 43

Copper Alloy

Front 44

Head of a Man (Size)

Back 44

14 Inches

Front 45

Head of a Man (Significance)

Back 45

The eyes and ears were removed so he could not see or hear

Front 46

Stele of Naram Sin (Age)

Back 46

2220-2184 BCE

Front 47

Stele of Naram Sin (Location)

Back 47

Susa

Front 48

Stele of Naram Sin (Material)

Back 48

Limestone

Front 49

Stele of Naram Sin (Significance)

Back 49

Commemorates the King's Victory over the people of the Zagros Mountains

Front 50

Stele of Naram Sin (Style)

Back 50

hieratic scale, the head of the king is in profile

Front 51

Votive Statue of Gudea from Lagash (Age)

Back 51

2100 BCE

Front 52

Votive Statue of Gudea from Lagash (Materials)

Back 52

Diorite

Front 53

Votive Statue of Gudea from Lagash (Significance)

Back 53

Transition between humans and gods/heaven and earth

Front 54

Votive Statue of Gudea from Lagash (Location)

Back 54

Girsu

Front 55

Stele of Hammurabi (Age)

Back 55

1792-1750 BCE

Front 56

Stele of Hammurabi (Location)

Back 56

Susa

Front 57

Stele of Hammurabi (Style)

Back 57

Relief Sculpture at the top

Front 58

Stele of Hammurabi (Significance)

Back 58

Shows the ruler, Hammurabi, speaking with the sun God

Front 59

Lion Gate (Age)

Back 59

1400 BCE

Front 60

Lion Gate (Location)

Back 60

Hattusha

Front 61

Lion Gate (Material)

Back 61

Limestone

Front 62

Lion Gate (Significance)

Back 62

To keep people out

Front 63

Lion Gate (Style)

Back 63

High relief

Front 64

Citadel & Palace Complex of Sargon II (Age)

Back 64

721-706 BCE

Front 65

Citadel & Palace Complex of Sargon II (Location)

Back 65

Dur Sharrukin

Front 66

Citadel & Palace Complex of Sargon II (Material)

Back 66

Glazed Mud-Brick

Front 67

Lamassu (Age)

Back 67

720 BCE

Front 68

Lamassu (Location)

Back 68

Dur Sharrukin

Front 69

Lamassu (Material)

Back 69

Alabaster

Front 70

Lamassu (Height)

Back 70

About 13'

Front 71

Lamassu (Style)

Back 71

Low relief wings, visible from the front and in profile

Front 72

Assurnasipal II Killing Lions (Style)

Back 72

Low relief

Front 73

Assurnasipal II Killing Lions (Age)

Back 73

850 BCE

Front 74

Assurnasipal II Killing Lions (Material)

Back 74

Alabaster

Front 75

Assurnasipal II Killing Lions (Significance)

Back 75

Switches to narrative of immediacy rather than timelessness

Front 76

Ishtar Gate & Throne Room Wall (Age)

Back 76

575 BCE

Front 77

Assurnasipal II Killing Lions (Location)

Back 77

Nimrud, Iraq

Front 78

Ishtar Gate & Throne Room Wall (Material)

Back 78

Glazed Brick Facing

Front 79

Ishtar Gate & Throne Room Wall (Location)

Back 79

From Babylon, now in the Berlin Museum

Front 80

Ishtar Gate & Throne Room Wall (Height)

Back 80

40 Ft.

Front 81

Aerial View of the Ceremonial Complex (Age)

Back 81

518-469 BCE

Front 82

Aerial View of the Ceremonial Complex (Location)

Back 82

Persepolis, Iran (used to be Persia)

Front 83

Aerial View of the Ceremonial Complex (Style)

Back 83

Built on a grid, high relief, columns