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44 Cards in this Set
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Sculpture in the round |
freestanding figurines carved/modeled in 3D |
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relief sculpture |
-figures projecting from a background -degree of relief is high, low, or sunken |
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"Nude Woman (Venus of Willendorf)," Willendorf, Austria, c. 25,000 BC -exaggerated proportions -no face -stone, small, sculpture in the round |
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"Hall of the Bulls," Lascaux, France, c. 16,000 BC -seemed as though moving b/c of flickering light in caves |
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Corbeled Vault |
Vault formed by piling of stone blocks in horizontal courses |
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"Human Skull with Restored Features," Jericho, c. 7,000 BC |
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"Passage Grave," Newgrange, Ireland, c. 3,200-2,500 BC -Corbeled dome |
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"Stonehenge," England, c. 2,600 BC -post and lintel construction -used as clock/calendar -1,500 years to finish -religious, ritualistic |
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Register |
One of a series of superimposed bands/friezes in a pictorial narrative or particular levels on which motifs are placed |
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Hierarchy of scale |
Bigger = more important |
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Composite View |
Like Egyptian people; different perspectives combined into one picture for symbolic representation |
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Stele |
Carved stone for marking graves or to commemorate historical events |
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"White Temple on its Ziggurat," Uruk, Iraq, c. 3,200 BC -close as you can get to sky, where gods are -sort of like pyramid, different use |
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"Female Head (Inanna?)," Uruk, Iraq, c. 3,200 BC -taken from Baghdad during invasion -had semiprecious stones and hair |
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"Warka Vase," Uruk, Iraq, c. 3,000 BC -registers -hierarchy of scale -composite view -narrative |
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"Statuettes of 2 Worshipers," Eshnunna (Tel Asmar), Iraq, c. 2,700 BC -large eyes = eternally wakeful -clasped hands -meant to serve as stand-ins for praying people |
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"Peace Side of the Standard of Ur," Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq, c. 2,500 BC -Lapis lazuli--imported, more precious than gold, special -hierarchy of scale, showing social class -also has war side -shows role of king in peace and war |
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"Lyre Soundbox," tomb of Queen Puabi, Ur, early Sumerian Dyastic Pd, c. 2,685 BC -lapis lazuli |
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"Victory Stele of Naram-Sin," Susa, Iran, c. 2,250 BC, 6'7" high -hierarchy of scale -composite view -unique because of setting, no registers |
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"Stele with the Laws of Hammurabi," Susa, Iran, c. 1,780 BC -supposedly laws from gods -everyonee had to obey same laws -black basalt, engraving shows how important Hammurabi is. |
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"Ishtar Gate," Babylon, Iraq, c. 575 BC -Nebuchadnezzar II's palace gate, renowned king -1 of 7 wonders of ancient world |
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Ka |
In ancient Egypt, immortal human life force |
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"Palette of King Narmer," Hierakonpolis, Egypt, c. 3,000 BC -slate -first to name king in artwork -modeled after actual palette for mixing black eye makeup |
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"Imhotep, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser," Saqqara, Egypt, c. 2,630 BC -Different kind of mastaba -future palace for pharaoh -hundreds of different rooms below ground |
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"Great Pyramids," Giza, Egypt, c. 2,500 BC -tombs of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkare -one of 7 wonders of ancient world -were faced with white limestone, top plated w/ gold |
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Canon |
Rule of proportion. Ancient Greeks considered beauty a matter of correct proportions and sought canon of proportions for the human figure and for buildings |
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"Khafre Enthroned," Giza, Egypt, c. 2,500 BC -many portrait sculptures made of pharaohs -important for ka to find body -diorite -papyrus and lotus signify unified upper and lower Egypt -used canon for proportions, not exactly lifelike |
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"Seated Scribe," Saqqara, Egypt, c. 2,550 BC -limestone = cheaper, easier to use -seated on ground -not as canonized -as importance decreased, sculpture less formal |
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"Aerial View of the Temple of Amen-Re," Karnak, Egypt, 15th c. BC -Amen-Re = god -meant to rise from the earth like origins of Earth from religion -axial- along an axis, roughly symmetrical -Great Hypostyle Hall - lots of columns -most holy space at back, furthest from entrance -only pharaohs and priests allowed holy places -lot of sunken relief, brightly painted -has clerestory level/open space for light -size mattered: close to gods, show power, make worshipers feel small, insignificant, overwhelmed, meant to serve as microcosm of universe. Meant to be mini version of entire universe |
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"Nebamun Hunting Birds," Tomb of Nebamun, Thebes, Egypt, c. 1375 -family included -hierarchy of scale -twisted view |
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"Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and their Children," Amarna Pd. c. 1,340 BC -wife more = to husband, hierarchy of scale -caring for children, intimate -curvy lines, skinny arms, fat bellies -sun shining on them, representing sun god |
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"Death Mask of Tutankhamun," c. 1,327 BC -boy king, untimely, early death -cobra & vulture head, indication of pharaoh -most masks taken by looters -looks young -not Amarna style |
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"Last Judgement of Hunefer," Tut's Tomb at Thebes, Egypt, c. 1,300 BC -papyrus -Hunefer led by Anubis to weigh soul against feather -soul lighter than feather = good -heavier = fed to animal -Osiris watching w/ Isis, Horus |
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Fresco |
Painting on plaster, dry or wet. -wet: pigments mixed w/ water and chemically bound to lime plaster |
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"Aerial View of the Palace," Knossos, Crete, Greece, c. 1,500 BC -not just living place, had store rooms, offices, shrines, etc. -had labyrinths, origin of word |
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"Toreador Fresco," Knossos, Crete, c. 1,500 BC -trying to grab bull by horns, flip over onto back. Manhood ceremony, bull is strong, big -men have dark skin, women have light |
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"Smoke Goddess," Knossos, Crete, c. 1,600 BC -taming animals, snakes, cat -like "Lyre Soundbox," Ur, c. 2,685 BC, same theme -Snakes assoc. w/ fertility, agriculture -female fertility figure theme, too -Aegean art common women clothes-apron, tiered skirt, open shirt, etc. |
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"Lion's Gate," Mycenae, 13th c. BC -post and lintel construction -corbeled archway -lions supporting Minoan-style column -column represents fertility goddess mastering the beasts |
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"Mask of Agamemnon," Mycenae, c. 1,500 BC -repousse -similar to Egyptian funerary practice, but not as grand. -prob king -thought that Schliemann, discoverer, made it look like himself |
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Tholos Tomb, "Treasury of Atreus," Mycenae -9 tholos tombs in Mycenae -corbeled vault -relieving triangle in entrance -used to be lg.est vault w/o columns inside
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"Geometric Dipylon Krater," Athens, Greece, c. 750 BC |
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"Kouros," Attica, Greece, c. 600 BC |
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"Calf Bearer," Athens, Greece, c. 560 BC |
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"Peplos Kore," Athens, Greece, c. 530 BC |
