Art History 2.4

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3 Types of 3-demensionality

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1. Sculpture in-the-round or freestanding

2. Bas-relief

3. High relief

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Subtractive sculpting techniques

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A sculptor uses a tool to carve, drill, chisel, chip, whittle, or saw away unwanted material

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Additive sculpting techniques

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Processes of modeling, casting, or constructing, add more material to make the final artwork

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Carving

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The only form of subtractive sculpting technique. Most ancient works or art that still exist were made using this.

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Modeling

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An additive process where the artist builds up work by adding material. When clay is dried and fired in a kiln it becomes very hard and durable

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Casting

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Involving adding a liquid or pliable material to a mold. When it hardens the result is a detailed replica of the original model

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Earthworks

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Use the surface of the Earth as material, because of the enormous size they need many artists and workers, represent a sense of harmony between nature and humanity

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Construction

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Uses a variety of methods to create and put together components, relatively new idea, engineered materials.

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Assemblage

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The practice of gathering objects and manipulating them into a work of art.

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Readymades

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Little manipulation, basically an item that is found and then its purpose is changed.

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Kinetic and light sculptures

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Sculptures that move and are lit up, often rely on mechanical engineering.

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Installations

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Involve the construction of a space or the assembly of objects to create an environment. Often the work encourages people to experience it physically.

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Appropriation

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The object is altered in a way that changes its original meaning or purpose. Used in ready mades.

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Found objects

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Gathered objects that are found and repurposed so that they support the visual ideas of the artists. Used in assemblages.

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Mold

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Something that casting liquid is poured into, based on the model of the final sculpture

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What type of 3D work is this?

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In-the-round

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What type of 3D work is this?

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In-the-round

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What type of 3D work is this?

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Low relief

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What type of 3D work is this?

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High relief

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Carving

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Carving

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Carving

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Carving

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Modeling

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Casting

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Earthworks

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Earthworks

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Construction

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Construction

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Assemblage

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Assemblage

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Readymades

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Readymades

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Kinetic and light sculpture

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Kinetic and light sculpture

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Kinetic and light sculpture

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Installations

Front 38

What type of sculpting was used?

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Installations

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What type of sculpting was used?

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Installation