Art History 1

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The “New York Kouros,”
statue from Athens, Greece,
ca. 600 BC.
Marble.

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The “Peplos Kore,”
statue from Athens,
ca. 530 BC.
Marble.

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Riace Warrior A,
statue from a shipwreck off the coast of Riace, Italy, ca. 450 BC.
Bronze.
Probably made in Athens

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Exekias,
Achilles and Ajax playing dice,
Athenian black-figure amphora,
ca. 540 BC.
Painted terracotta.

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Euthymides,
Three Revelers,
Athenian red-figure amphora,
ca. 510 BC.
Painted terracotta.

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Back 6

The Parthenon (temple of Athena Parthenos),
Athens, Greece.
447-438 BC.
Marble.
Architects: Iktinos and Kallikrates

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Contrapposto

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human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot so that its shoulders and arms twist off-axis from the hips and legs

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Naturalism

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the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions

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Foreshortening

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the visual effect or optical illusion that causes an object or distance to appear shorter than it actually is because it is angled toward the viewer

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Lost-wax casting

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the process by which a duplicate metal sculpture (often silver, gold, brass or bronze) is cast from an original sculpture

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Temple of Portunus,
Rome, ca. 75 BC.
Travertine, tufa, concrete.

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Back 12

Second Style wall-painting from the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor,
Boscoreale, Italy,
ca. 50-40 BC.
Fresco.

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Detail of Third Style wall-painting from the Villa of Agrippa Postumus,
Boscotrecase, Italy,
ca. 10 BC.
Fresco.

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Portrait of Augustus as a general (the “Primaporta Augustus),
from Primaporta,
Italy (near Rome),
ca. 10 AD.
Marble.

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Female personification (probably the Earth-goddess Tellus),
relief-sculpture from the Ara Pacis, Rome,
13-9 BC.
Marble.

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Decursio relief,
relief-sculpture from the pedestal of the Column of Antoninus Pius,
Rome,
ca. 161 AD.
Marble.

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Portraits of the four Tetrarchs,
from Constantinople,
ca. 305 AD.
Porphyry.

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The Pantheon,
Rome,
118-125 AD.
Concrete and marble.

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Colossal head of Emperor Constantine,
Rome,
ca. 315 AD.
Marble.

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Apse mosaic of Justinian and Archbishop Maximian,
San Vitale, Ravenna,
ca. 547 AD.

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Hagia Sophia,
Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus (architects),
Constantinople,
532-537 AD.

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The Barberini Ivory, showing ‘Justinian as world conqueror,’
ca. 550 AD.

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Icon showing the Virgin and Child between Saints Theodore and George,
ca. 600 AD,
from the Monastery of St. Catherine, Egypt.
Encaustic on wood.

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Cross-inscribed carpet page,
from the Lindisfarne Gospels,
Northumbria, England,
ca. 700 AD.
Tempera on vellum.

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Purse cover,
from the Sutton Hoo ship burial in Suffolk, England,
ca. 625 AD.
Gold, glass and cloisonné garnets.

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Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne(?),
from Metz, France.
Ninth century.
Bronze.

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Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne,
Aachen, Germany,
ca. 800 AD.

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pendentive

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a constructive device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room

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basilica

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buildings with a central nave and aisles

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apse

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a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome