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120 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elements of Art
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basic visual components of any artwork
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sensory properties
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line, shape, form, space, color, and texture
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implied line
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lines that are not solid but consist of a series of interrupted dots that the eye connects
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freeform
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irregular in shape and form
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organic
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irregular in shape and form
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space
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areas around the artwork
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positive space
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the objects, shapes, or forms in an artwork
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figure
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the objects, shapes, or forms in an artwork
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negative space
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the area around the objects, shapes, or forms
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ground
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the area around the objects, shapes, or forms
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high relief
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projecting boldly from the surface
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low relief
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projecting boldly slightly from the surface of which the sculpture is attached
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perspective
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the illusion of depth in two-dimensional artwork
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contours
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the visible borders
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arial perspective
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a technique that takes into account the ways that fog, smoke, and airborne particles change the apearance of things when viewed from a distance
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atmospheric perspective
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a technique that takes into account the ways that fog, smoke, and airborne particles change the apearance of things when viewed from a distance
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linear perspective
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visual phenomenon that as lines recede into the distance they appear to converge and vanish at a piont in the horizon
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hue
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name of the color
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intermediate colors
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colors made by combining a primary abd an adjacent secondary color
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the color wheel
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the organization of hues into a visual scheme
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value
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lightness or darkness of a color or of gray
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tint
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a light hue by adding white to the color
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shades
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a darher hue by adding black to the color
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neutrals
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black and white
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Hierarchial Scale
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Uses status of figures or obects to determine their relative sizes within an artwork.
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Contrapposto
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A pose that puts the body in an S curve
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Hiberno-Saxon
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A merge of artistic styles between the Vikings, Anglo-Saxon England, and Celtic Ireland
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Romanesque
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Designs that used the Roman arch as as the basis for their design
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Barrel Vault
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A tunnel of arches
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intensity
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brightness or purity of a color
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complementary
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color schemes that employ hues that are opposite from each other on the color wheel
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monochromatic
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color shemes that only use one hue
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analogous
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color scheme that employs colors next to each other on the color wheel
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warm colors
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colors such as red, orange, and yellow; because we associate them with the warmth of the sun
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cool colors
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colors such as green, blue, and violet; because they remind us of forrests, mountain lakes, and snow
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local color
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the "true" color of an object or area as seen in normal daylight irrespectinve of the effects of distancee or reflections from other objects
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optical color
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refers to the effect that sepcial lighting has on the color of objects
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arbitrary color
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colors used for their emotional or aesthetic impact
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texture
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refers to how things feel or how we think they would feel if touched
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Vault
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Arch-shaped structure used as a cieling or a support to a roof
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Gothic
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Use of ribbed vaults, barrel vaults, and flying buttresses in medieval churches
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Ribbed Vaults
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A framework of thin stone ribs or arches built under the intersection of vaulted sections of the ceiling
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Flying Buttresses
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Narrow buttresses and arches outside the building
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High Renaissance
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The artists who followed after Donatello and Botticelli such as Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo
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Sfumato
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Means "smoke" and uses mellowed colors and blurred outline
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Mannerism
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Distortion of certain elements such as perspective and scale and a twisting positioning of their subjects
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Chiaroscuro
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Dramatic contrast of light and dark
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Salon
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A system of choosing and supporting certain artists
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Rococo
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Extension of baroque period but celebrated gaiety, romance, and frivolity
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visual texture
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an illusion of a textured surface
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principles of compsition
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the means that artists use to organize the elements of art to create an effective composition
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elements of art
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set of techniques that describe ways of presenting artwork
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formal properties
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refers to the fact that artists use these principles to give form to their work
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rhythm
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the principle that we associate with movement or pattern
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alternating rhythm
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when 2 or more motifs are used aternately
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motif
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a single element of a pattern
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pattern
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a feature of a regular repetition in an artwork
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balance
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an essentioal component of an effective artwork
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symmetrical balance
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a balance achieved when elements of the composition are repeated axactly on both sides of the central axis
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Neoclassicism
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Introduced by Jacques Louis David, illustrated republican virtues, and harkneed back to Greco-Roman ideals
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Romanticism
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Harkened back to emotional emphasis of the baroque; was characterized by an emotional and dreamlike quality
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Realism
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Show all the features of its subjects, even the negative ones, shows lives of ordinary people
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Art Nouveau
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Depictiton of leaves and flowers flowing ina sinuous design
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Eauves
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Wild beasts
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Cubism
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Breaking figures into multiple overlapping perspectives
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Analytic Cubism
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Focused on basic geometric shapes and planes and was characterized by the use of muted colors and a monochromattic palette
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Synthetic Cubism
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Incorporated views of the subject matter from different angles and focused brighter colors
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Die Brucke
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Took arbitrary colors of the Fauvists and combined them with the intense feelings found in the work of the Norwegian artists Edvard Munch
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Expressionism
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Attempt to make the inner workings of the mind visible in art
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approximate symmetry
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in this kind of balance, shapes or objects are slightly varied on either side of the central axis
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Der Blaue Reiter
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Expressionist group in Germany led by Vassily Kandinsky who opaint abstract figures without any pictorial subject
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Armory Show
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The first major showing of modern art in the US
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Harlem Renaissance
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African-American creativity such as jazz, wristers, and artists joined musicians in the flowering of the arts
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Dada
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A group os disaffected intellectuals and grew from artists who were disillusioned about the war
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Ready-Mades
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Taking an ordinary object and putting it into a new context (Bicycle handle bar = bull horns)
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asymmetrical ballance
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a visual balance that is achieved through the organization of unlike objects
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focal point
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where the eye tends to rest
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scale
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refers to the dimentional relations of the parts of a work to the work in its entirety and can also refer to the size of an artwork
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golden mean
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th ratio between 2 dimentions of a plane figure or 2 dimentions of a line, roughly 3:5
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unity
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refers to all harmony or congruity among various elements of a composition
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proximity
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the placement of seperate objects close together or in a group
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simularity
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using simular colors, values, shapes, textures,or lines throughout an artwork
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continuity
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pathway via the use of implied or actual lines that direct the viewer's eye
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hatching
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placing lines closely side by side
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crosshatching
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a process in which lines are crisscrossed to create shading
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opaque
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not transparent ink ink that completely covers the underlying paper
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pigments
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finely ground materials that may be natural of synthetic
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binder
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a substance that holds the grains of pigments together and allows the paint to adhere to a surface
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solvent
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substance such as water or oil that can be added to thin paint
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fresco
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one of the earliest forms of painting
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buon fresco
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("true" fresco) paint that is permently bound in the plaster
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fresco secco
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paint applied to dry plaster rather than wet plaster
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glaze
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thin transperant layers that are applied over another color to alter it slightly
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impasto
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oils applied thickly of in heavy lumps
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encaustic
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a wax based paint
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encaustic
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wax-based paint
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gouache
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water-based opaque paint
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watercolor
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water-based paint
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relief printmaking
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when the artist cuts away parts from the surface of the plate and once the plate has been cut the remaining parts will stand out in relief
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brayer
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a paper that is placed over the inked plate
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burnisher
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a press that forces the ink onto the paper
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intaglio printmaking
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a printing process where lines are incised on the wood or soft metal plate. the ink is then placed in these grooves. Forcing ink into the grooves makes the image
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engraving
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a process in which tools are used to cut lines on the surface of the plate
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etching
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another form of intaglio where the incised plate is dipped in acid and the acid eats away the exposed metal, making the lines less visable
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Lithography
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a process of printing in which an image is drawn with a waxy pencil or crayon directly on a plate
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screen prints
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a process where a photo or other image is transferred to a silk or synthetic fabric that has been stretched onto a frame
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collage
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a kind of mixed media where artists combine various materials such as photos, unusual papers, or movie tickets
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subtractive
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a process in which some of the original material is removed
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additive
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a process in which amounts of materials can be added to a surface
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cast form
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a process where the original form is encased in plaster
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pottery
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a form of crafts that is based upon the use of natural materials
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slip
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a liquid clay
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thrown
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pots that are created on a potters wheel
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kiln
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an oven for hardening clay mold
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jewelry
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a portable form of ones wealth
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lost-wax casting
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a process where the original form is shaped form wax and is then encased in a plaster like material
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fibers
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woven and nonwoven materials
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soft sculpture
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a woven or felted fiber sculpture that is stuffed
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post-and-lintel
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a architectural method in which a long stone or wooden beam is placed horizontally across upright posts
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ziggurats
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stepped pyramids
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