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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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people that are characteristic of the following: The people and climate; City-states; humanism; intellects, athletics, Olympics, invented democracy; Think they are better than everyone else; man-focused culture; Believe in a list of gods & goddesses
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Ancient Greece
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concept of human supremacy and responsibility; way of thinking of the world
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Humanism
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Invented concept of democracy
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ancient Greece
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3 periods of changes and development of Greek art
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Archaic, Classical, & Hellenistic
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nation who emphasizes geometric
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Greek
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period of which pottery comes with the reemergence of art
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Greek art
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refers to the vessels shape and was something found in a cemetery
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Krater
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period of which Kouros' were made to honor non-supernatural rulers
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Archaic period
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name of statue of a forward striding young male that marks graves
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Kouros
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means male youth in Greek
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kouros
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period of which sculptures had nakedness, negative spaces or freestanding, or a smile to bring life to the statues
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Archaic period
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period of which sculptures used canon or proportions, contrapposto, more naturalistic and alive
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Classical period
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rules of proportion
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Canon of proportions
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counter balance
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Contrapposto
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means "Greek-like" art
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Hellinistic period
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Period of non-greek patrons
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Hellinistic period
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Period of which Greek art became more dynamic then idealized such as everyday activities, historical subjects, myths, and portraiture; more expressive and shows exaggerated movements
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Hellinistic period
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Key to greek art:
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balance of real and ideal
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is important in that it sets the rules of counterbalance in Greek sculpture
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Spear Bearer
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Rectangular shaped, surrounded by row of columns, pitch roof, interior room housing a cult statue
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Temple
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purely used to contain the statue. Not to worship
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Temple
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central room surrounded by a single or double row of columns
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Plan
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Ancient classical style of architecture includes doric, ionic, & corinthian are known as __ __
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Architectural orders
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3 types of architectural orders
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doric, ionic, and corinthian
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Classical means...
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Roman times
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The structure of the column include
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base, shaft, capital
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3 Column styles are
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Doric, ionic, Corinthian
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How to Know the style of columns
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by looking at the capital
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**Mostly used column style in the Greek world
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Doric and ionic
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4 Typical Temple front
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column, capital, frieze, pediment
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circular pole support for roof line
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Column
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Decorative block between the top of the column and the roof line
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Capital
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Need to know because this is where Greek has their decorative sculptures in the Parthenon
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Frieze
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triangular member formed by the slope of the roof at the short ends of a temple
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Pediment
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the belief that harmonious proportions create beauty
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Canon of proportions
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Harmonious numerical ratios also used in architecture with these people
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Ancient Greek
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Invented roads; Influenced by greek art
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Ancient Rome
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Believe in a list of gods & goddesses but their emperor became their gods
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Ancient Rome
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they emphasized the head first; made bust portraits; invented concrete
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Ancient Rome
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super-realism as seen in early Roman bust portraits
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Verism
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They started foe painting to make look like marble
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Romans
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many works of art from Rome come from this tragedy
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Mt. Versuvius and Pompeii
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Who had Forums & Basilicas which both are rectangular in shape and columns all around
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Roman buildings
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public square for daily commerce and for holding festivals
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Forum
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hold administrative offices (like city hall or business stuff); last longer; holds the statue of the emperor
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Basilica
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The church uses this design
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Basilica
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Create the first real dome
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Romans
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is the middlehole of the dome (30 feet in diameter)
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Oculus
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Water system that brings water from the mountain to the town using gravity
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Aqueduct
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aka Flavian Amphitheater
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Colosseum
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emperor protraits, triumphal arches, baths, & amphiatheatres were built for what main reason?
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Political propaganda
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monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, used to commemorates; not a building; freestanding
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Triumphal Arch
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4 uses of art as political propaganda
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Emperor portraits, Triumphal arches, Baths, Amphitheatres
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Nation that started the architectural revolution; used an architecture of SPACE; used concrete; used the arch& the dome
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Ancient Roman art
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vast subterrainian chambers designed as cemeteries for burying the christian dead
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Catacombs
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artist taking images from other traditions and giving them new meanings; deliberate or unconscious
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Snycretism
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first church building plan since it provided more space for mass
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Basilica
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4 parts of a Basillica
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Aisle, nave, transept, apse
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walkway on sides of Basilica
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Aisle
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main aisle
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Nave
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the crossing arm in the church; makes the cross; adds more space
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Transept
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semi-circular arch at east end of the church where the alter is placed
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Apse
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tiles used for mosaic
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Tesserae
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Art in which slow change towards new non-natrualistic figure
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Syncretist
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Focus on the spiritual world NOT the natural world; worried about getting to heaven
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Early Christian
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was worried about the natural world (here and now)
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Pegan
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artistic style was "abstract" or non-naturalistic & has a more symbolic approach
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Byzantine art
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triangular piece of building material that transitions a dome onto a square or rectangular-shaped building
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Pendentives
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Art is for concept; moves away from naturalism; Start to see dangling feet; Figures seem flat with no mass; Narrow shoulders; Gold background; Heavy outline; Formal looking (Priestly); All about teaching the religious lesson or Christian faith
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Byzantine art
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period of a ban on all religious imagery such as image of a saint or martyr
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Iconoclasm (726-843 CE)
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period of which Christianity divides into the Latin West and Greek Orthodox East
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Byzantine art
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Formal priestly style (Christian message focus); New non-naturalistic figures; Gold backgrounds
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Under Justinian a style for Byzantine art
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Period where No longer any kind of large scale art like sculpture because people were always moving so art was more portable
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Early Medieval Art (western)
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**during this period of the middle ages (western) is the dark ages
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Early Medieval
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period when art looks really different as if the artists lost their skills; people were moving and it was more chaotic
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Dark ages
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Period in which small, portable works of art of people constantly on the move
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Early Medieval
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illuminated manuscripts were made by
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Monasteries
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fancy word for a book copied by hand, decorated, painted
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Illuminated manuscript
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hand written
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Manuscript
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period of monasteries & illuminated manuscripts made
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Early Medieval
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economic system based on personal obligations; adds stability; lord allows peasants to live on land & provides protection in exchange to share and provide military services; during the Romanesque period
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Feudalism
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community of religious men secluded from everyone; tend to be where the education & books are; important during middle ages; received money from donations
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Monasticism & monastic reform
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walking tour across western europe to visit sacred shrines
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Pilgrimages
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body part or item associated with a saint or a holy person
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Relic
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boxes that contained the relics
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Reliquaries
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Becomes a period of mass church buildings; Used stone like romans; Needed to be fire-proof to replace the ones that were lost
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Romanesque
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taking measurement of trancept that crosses the nave, and using the dimesions to make up the parts of the church; using the crossing square measurements to make up the rest of the dimensions of the church
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Square Schematism
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ceiling that support the walls marked off by squares
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Barrel vaulted (stone) ceiling
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pieces of a whole barrel vault
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Segmentation
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face or front of the church
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Façade
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extra strip of stone added to a wall for extra support of the ceiling;
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Buttress
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Period The return of stone sculpture; Desire to beautify churches; Changing role of the church-now serving monasteries, as well as pilgrims and towns
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Romanesque
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First seen at the portals (doorways) and later all throughout the church during the Romanesque period
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Stone sculpture
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Romanesque term for doorway
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Romanesque Church Portal
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semi-circular area over a Romanesque church door (portal); Tended to put the last judgement ; Hierarchical Scale; Messages are usually pessimistic
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Tympanum
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Period of which...The patrons of art were churches along the pilgrimage route; Large churches with ("Roman-like" stone vaults are built; (teaching) relief sculptures decorate church portals; Relics of saints were important and kept in reliquaries
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Romanesque
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period of 1140-1400 CE; More church building!; Purpose is to instruct and convince the viewer; Women-cult of the Virgin Mary; New religious orders - Franciscans & Dominicans
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Gothic Art
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title given to the head of a monastery
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Abbot Suger
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period when they try to get more light filled in the church; This is the transition for the Romanesque times
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Gothic Art
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pointed rib vault; Tops of all arches are at the same height; More flexible; Supports the weight better; Pointed vaults visually head the eye upward; Allowed more light
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Gothic vault
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supported the walls for a distance and were able to make the walls glass
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Flying Buttressess
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large circular windows that looks like the pedals of a flower; stained glass found in Gothic cathedrals
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Rose windows
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In Gothic times, churches had Big __, __imagery, & Attached __to the jams
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doors, religious, figures
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5 Gothic element
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rip vaults, pointed arches, flying buttresses, stained glass (rose windows), statue lined portals (doors)
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period where there was verticality and mystical light, Human figures were more naturalistic & Themes soften
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In gothic times
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