Art 124 A

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abstract

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not necessarily related to real forms or objects, art relying on other qualities other than just depiction of things for its impact

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additive colors

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pertaining to the light primaries of red, green, and blue (video color primaries)

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aesthetic

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pertaining to the philosophy of what is beauty, relating to its nature, creation and appreciation

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anatomy

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the science of the morphology or structure of animals and plants

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animation

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a motion picture made by a series of images each showing a different phase of movement

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asymmetrical

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without balance, or where one half of a picture is not the mirror image of the other

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atmospheric perspective

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the effects of impurities in the atmosphere on how we see an object. aka aerial

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axis

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a real or imaginary straight line on which an object rotates or is regarded as rotating

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background

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the space behind the subject in a portrait or still life. the part of a scene that is or seems to be furthest from the viewer

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balance

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a state of equilibrium in; amount, weight, value, importance between two or more parts of a thing. or that which suggests the offsetting or contrasting of parts so as to produce an aesthetic equilibrium in the whole

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carving

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the technique of cutting and abrading the surface of a block of material to shape it into a particular form, the creation of sculpture by cutting away hard materials such as stone or wood

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chiaroscuro

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a use of light and dark in painting or drawing to produce the illusion of form and solidity

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color wheel

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a conventional way to show the relationships of paint
colors to one another by arranging them in a circle or wheel

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primary colors

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red, yellow, blue

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secondary colors

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orange, green, violet

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composition

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the act of putting together a whole by combining parts, the total content of a work of art (includes design)

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complementary colors

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colors opposite one another on the color wheel. Mixed together into grays; mixed in full strength they produce dark gray or brown.

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conceptual art

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art that may exist only as an idea and not necessarily as a physical reality (circa 1960)

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contrapposto (set against )

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positioning or twisting of the human body so that hips, shoulder and head are turned in different directions to suggest movement and tension between parts of the body

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contrast

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to compare so as to emphasize the differences

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craftsmanship

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skilled in workmanship, how well something is done

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critique

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an analysis or evaluation of a subject requiring careful judgment

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cross-hatching

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a technique, which uses intersecting parallel lines to create tone or shading effect

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cube

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a solid having six equal sides

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curvilinear

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a type of line that is characterized by curves

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cylinder

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a solid described by the edge of a rectangle rotated around its axis.

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design

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the skillful layout or the arrangement of parts in a work of art

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elements of design

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shape, size, color, texture, line, direction, value

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principles of design

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unity, conflict, dominance, repetition, alternation, balance, harmony, gradation

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dominance

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in design theory(the resolution of conflicting ideas) make one idea more important than the other. ie. in a drawing containing both circles and triangles, one or the other should be more important

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emphasis

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special attention give to something in order to make it stand out. To be given a particular prominence.

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eye level

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a plane parallel to the ground and passing through the observers' eyes

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focal point

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a center of interest in a picture

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font

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the assortment of a type (in size and style). A set of glyphs (images) representing the characters from particular character set in a particular size and typeface

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foreground

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the part of a scene or picture that appears nearest to the viewer

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foreshortening

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to represent some lines of an object as shorter than they actually are in order to give the illusion of proper relative size, in accordance with the principles of perspective. To shorten a detail so it appears to have depth

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form

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3D characteristics of an object, its height, width, and depth

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format

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the generalized arrangement or plan of something (shape, size, type)

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frontal

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of the front, the part of something that faces forward or is regarded as faces forward

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geometric forms

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forms that are characterized by straight lines, triangles, circles, or similar regular forms

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gesture

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a movement or movements of the body or of its parts that express or emphasize ideas or emotions.

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gesture drawing

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any drawing technique intended to capture an action, movement or attitude of a person or animal. Usually such drawing is quick, sketchy, and spontaneous

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graphic art

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a type of art, including paining, drawing, printmaking that is expressed on flat surfaces

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ground

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the base, the background surface over which a coating is applied before the application of paint

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harmony

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a state of agreement or proportionate arrangement, a combination of parts in a pleasing whole

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horizon line

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the imaginary line(the perceived interface) where sky and ground meet

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hue

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the name of a particular color

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implied lines

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a line that is expressed indirectly or is suggested by allusion

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intensity

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the degree or extent of something, its relative strength (magnitude)

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line

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a thin continuous mark, as that made by a pen, pencil, or brush applies to a surface, a locus of points

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line quality

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the expressive characteristics of a line (eg thick, thin, curved, straight)

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medium

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material or technique as used for expression or delineation in art

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middle ground

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in a representational picture it is the area that is neither closest nor farthest from the viewer

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mixed media

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the use of more than a single kind of material in a work of art

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montage

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an artistic composition made up of different kinds of elements of a similar theme

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movement

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a tendency or trend in art involving many artists aiming at common goals

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negative space

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the space or area around an object in a picture

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non-representational

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a type of art that does not intend to represent, in recognizable form, objects in the observable world

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objectivity

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the quality of being or regarded as independent of the mind, the actual, without bias or prejudice

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one point perspective (parallel perspective)

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a system of converging lines towards a single vanishing point that creates the illusion of depth

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organic shape

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shapes which are derived from living organisms

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overlapping

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a technique for suggesting depth where the object in front is seemingly closer and the object in the back (the one that is partially covered) is seemingly farther

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pattern

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an arrangement of forms often repetitive or that which serves as a model or template

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perspective

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a technique for suggesting depth and distance in a picture by making parallel lines meet.

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picture plane

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the image area or the surface of a picture

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plasticity

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capable of being shaped or forms, pliable

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positive space

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the space or shape that is occupied by the subject in a drawing or painting ( the occupied space)

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process

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the procedure or steps taken to achieve a particular goal

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proportion

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the comparative relationship between parts, things, or elements (with respect to size, amount, degree) relative to the whole

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rectilinear

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characterized by straight lines

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render

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the process of creating, shading, and texturing of an image, especially a photo-realistic one. Describes the quality of execution of that process. The emphasis of the term is on the correct reproduction of light-and-shadow and that surface properties of the depicted objects, not on the emotional impact, composition, or other more generic qualities, most often it is used in relation to the more exacting, meticulous techniques like pencil or airbrush

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repetition

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a design principle of reoccurrig theme such as size, shapes, colors and so on in order to contribute to the unity of a work of art

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representational

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to portray or depict a likeliness, in recognizable form, objects in the observable world

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rhythm

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a flow of movement or activity characterized by regular recurrence of these elements

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scale

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the size ratio between the represented and that of the actual object (the relative size)

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sfumato

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the use of careful transitions in value to help define form. Like chiaroscuro but finer and more delicate and often characterized by a smoky quality

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shape

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the contour, outline or the two dimensional quality of an object, which is the height and width

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sketch

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any quick preliminary drawing or painting not necessarily intended as a final product

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space

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the areas in which things exist occupy or move

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sphere

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a round solid having the surface equally spaced from the center at all points

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subjectivity

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affected by or produced by the mind or a state of mind or resulting form the feelings or temperament of the individual. Or having to do with the perception or conception of a thing by the mind as opposed to its reality independent of the mind

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subtractive colors

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these are the colors where objects subtract(absorb) form white light reflecting off the remaining colors. Primary colors are red, blue, yellow (associated with pigmented colors)

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superficial muscles

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muscles perceivable of or being on the surface

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surface anatomy

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anatomy which pertains to the outer face or exterior structure

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symmetry

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an arrangement marked by regularity and balanced proportions

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texture

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the visual or tactile characteristics of the surface of an object

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tint

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a lighter shade of a color made by dilution or mixing with white

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two point perspective (angular perspective)

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linear perspective that consists of two vanishing points on a horizon line

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unity

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Art is satisfying only if there is wholeness, the quality of being total or whole, and the state of being one

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value

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the relative lightness or darkness of a color; tone; shade.
dark = low value
light = high value

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vanishing point

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the point at which a diminishing object seems to appear

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variety

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the quality or condition of being various or varied; diversity. The state or quality of being varied, the absence of monotomy or sameness

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volume

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the amount of space that is occupied in 3D

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warm colors

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colors are often described as temperature. often associates with fire and sun. appear on one side of the color wheel, bordered by the neutral colors and opposite of cool colors. psychologically stimulating and passionate. optically advancing towards the viewer.

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warm

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purples, reds, orange, yellow

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neutral

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violet and green

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cool

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blue-green and blue