Art 101

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Abstract Expressionism

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Style of art emphasizing spontaneous, automatic, or subconscious creation. Image of being rebellious, anarchic, idiosyncratic and somewhat nihilistic.

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Action Painting

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: Style of painting in which paint is spontaneously dribbled, splashed, or smeared onto canvas rather than careful application. Emphasizes the physical act of painting rather than the finished work.

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Art Nouveau

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An art movement stylized by organic (esp. floral) inspired motifs, as well as highly-stylized, flowing curvilinear forms. Makes art part of everyday life. Flowing.

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Art Deco

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: Mix of neoclassical, constructivism, cubism, modernism, art nouveau, and futurism. Style seen as elegant, glamorous, functional, modern. Use of aluminum, stainless steel, lacquer, and inlaid wood. Architectural.

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Assemblage

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Artistic process in which a three-dimensional composition is made from putting together objects.

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Bauhaus

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A school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts. Most influential in Modernist architecture and modern design.

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Collage

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A work of formal art, made from an assemblage of different forms, thus creating a new image.

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Contrapposto

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Term to describe a human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot so that the shoulders and arms twist off axis from hips and legs. (David by Michelangelo)

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Crosscutting

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Film technique, in which the camera will cut from one action to another, used to suggest simultaneity of action.

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Cubism

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Art form where objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstract form. Depicts subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in greater context.

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De Stijl

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Also known as neoplasticism, proposes ultimate simplicity and abstraction, both in architecture and painting, by using only straight horizontal and vertical lines and rectangular forms. Color limited to Red, Yellow, Blue along with black, white, and grey.

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Ergonomics

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The science of designing the job, equipment, and workplace to fit the worker. Proper ergonomic design is necessary to prevent repetitive strain injuries.

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Expressionism

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Cultural movement, sought to express the meaning of “being alive” and emotional experience rather than physical reality. Tendency of an artist to distort reality for an emotional effect. Often implies emotional angst.

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Film Noir

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Cinematic term used to describe stylish Hollywood crime drams, in particular those with moral ambiguity and sexual motivation. Associated with a low-key black and white visual style.

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Flying buttress

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A specific type of buttress usually found on religious buildings, used to transmit the horizontal thrust of a vaulted ceiling through the walls and across an intervening space

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Iris shot

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Film shot in which the scene either opens or closes to a point on the screen by a shrinking or growing circle in which the outside is black and the inside contains the scene.

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Futurism

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An art movement that loaths everything old, especially political and artistic tradition. Admires speed, technology, youth, violence, and all that represents the technological triumph of humanity over nature.

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Keystone

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An architecutal piece at the crown of an arch or vault which marks its apex

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Kiva

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Room used by modern puebloans for religious rituals, many associated with the kachina belief system. Square walled and underground.

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Lost wax casting

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A process by which a bronze or brass is cast from an artist’s sculpture, called lost wax because cast must be destroyed to unveil item.

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Minimalism

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Describes movements in various forms of art and design, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental features.

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Montage

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A technique in film editing in which a series of short shots is edited into a sequence to condense space, time, and information. Used to suggest the passage of time.

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Parallel editing

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Film technique, in which the camera will cut from one action to another, used to suggest simultaneity of action.

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Pop-art

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A visual art theme characterized by themes and techniques drawn from popular mass culture, removes the material from its context and isolates the object.

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Post and lintel

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Simple architectural term where a horizontal member (lintel) is supported by two vertical posts at either end.

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Real/reel time

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Method of narratology within a motion picture, wherein events being represented or portrayed exactly as it occurs. The exact time of the story action would be equal to the time it takes to view that action. (tv show 24)

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Relief sculpture

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A sculptured artwork where a modeled form is raised or sunken from a plane from which the main elements of the composition project/sink.

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Streamlining

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To design or construct with a streamline, or to bring up to date/ modernize.

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Suprematism

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An art movement focused on fundamental geometric forms (square and circle).