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50 Cards in this Set
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Abstract expressionism |
A common appellation for first-generation American abstract painting after WW2, due to the primacy of gesture and color while keeping consistent with the aims of formalism. |
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Avant-garde |
This was the term applied to artists of various persuasions to imply a self-appointed role as explorer or adventure, blazing a train for others in the community to follow. |
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Bauhaus |
It was a school of art and design(active in 1920s and early 1930s) developed under the guidance and aesthetic philosophy of the architect/designer Walter Gropius. |
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Cameron |
19th century "art" photography trend--traditional painting genres portraiture, still life, landscape. Portrait of a Woman. |
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Cassatt |
Work combines often contradictory sensibilities of drawing and color with singular insight. Drew heavily on the everyday relations between mothers and children. Took Manet's initial experiments in presenting large areas of undifferentiated color to new heights; now volume is implied almost exclusively through the sensitive handling of line that forms the shape. Simple background is articulated almost exclusively through line, lines retain unpredictable and organic quality associated with Impressionist painting. Moet's light and mark making with Manet's flatting of form combined, sensitive portrayal of domestic life. Mother and Child. The Letter. |
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Cezanne |
Still lives, Mont. St. Victorie landscapes, bathers. Short, controlled brushstrokes reveal his belief that everything in nature was based on geometric shapes; simplified forms, contours outlined, composition broken-up into facets and wedges. Mont Sainte-Victorie Seen from Les Lauves, Vase of Tulips. |
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Collage |
Meaning "gluing," it's a method of applying extraneous material(and subject matter) to an art work |
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Cubism |
The first art movement of the 20th century systematically to reconsider the conventions of painting since the Renaissance. |
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Dada |
A radical art movement initiated in Zurich during WW1 as an affront to conventional wisdom and traditional culture. |
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Daguerreotype |
A chemically derived silver-plated copper sheet invented in 1837 by Louis Dagguerre that produced a clearer image in far less exposure time.The invention meant that people could be documented clearly in photographs. |
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Degas |
Interior scenes of ballerinas, laundresses, women bathing. Duller, sometimes caustic coloring with pastels, spontaneous looking compositions with figures crammed into a corner, large open areas devoid of figures, people cut off on the edge of the canvas. The Tub. |
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De Stijl |
A Utopian collective founded in the Netherlands after WW1 which prized the ethical potential of Modernist design and architecture. |
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Expressionism |
Expressionist artists believed they were more capable of producing intimate,egocentric visions of their world. Artists would often pirate less refined techniques such as woodcut print, which they saw as raw, physical and very graphic. |
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Fauvism |
An art movement of the first decade of the 20th century in which artists made bold use of color to express the inner qualities rather than the superficial appearance of objects. |
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Futurism |
A Modernist-anarchist association of predominantly Italian artist, who championed changed and automation as liberating characteristics of a new age. The movement was to deteriorate after WW1. |
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Gauguin |
Landscapes and people in Brittany and later Tahiti, self-portraits, religious scenes, symbolic elements. Rich, sometimes arbitrary color, dark flowing outlines. The Vision After the Sermon, la Orana Maria (We Hail Thee, Mary). |
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Group of Seven |
A loose affiliation of Canadian painters between 1913 and the mid 1920s whose work centered around the northern landscape as the source for a national art movement different from the art of their neighbors to the south and that of Europe. |
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Harlem Renaissance |
Movement with the generation of sophisticated artists nurtured on both contemporary European trends and traditional black motifs. Essential focus for black culture during the first decades of the twentieth century. Jacob Lawrence. |
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Impressionism |
An art movement named specifically after one particular painting by Claude Monet. |
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International Style |
A form of later Modern architecture based on modular design, an emphasis on steel and glass, and little or no embellishment. The style is best epitomized in the corporate skyscraper. |
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Japanese prints |
Woodblock technique, uniformly flat and strongly articulated as shapes. influenced Cassatt and Manet. Degree of flatness, pattern, undifferentiated color, and internal design that was in sympathy with their own investigations. Art on a two dimensional surface without the tired convention of perspective and atmospheric space. |
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Lange |
American Documentary Photography, images transcend their historical circumstance to speak of human tragedy and injustice in a convincing and dignified matter. Depression Era documentary photography remain among the most profound representations f the human spirit in America art.Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California. |
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Lithography |
A method of making prints from a flat surface, usually a stone or metal plate; often used in early newspapers. |
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Load-bearing steel frame |
Arranged in a grid format around a series of reinforced columns, steel was both flexible and incredibly strong, so that it could carry an extraordinary about of the building's load without the visual bulk associated with masonry. |
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Macchu Picchu |
Built by the Incas in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries in the Peruvian Andes, joined huge pieces of rock without motor. |
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Manet |
Took classical subjects and updated them with contemporary models and situations. Early work: Realist. Late work: Impressionist. Black outlines, little shading, visible brushstrokes, emphasis on surface. Later work: more colorful. Luncheon on the Grass, The Balcony. |
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Matisse |
Part of Fauvism, psychology of color of particular sensitivity. Playfulness with established painting conventions. Art is a nearly religious feeling toward life. Painstaking synthesis of color in his arrangements attests to his ability to bring harmony and tranquility to a part of culture that was beginning to anticipate a series of major convulsions. Unabashed use of large areas of color, intricate pattern, in which each element is sharply defined and articulated through bold outline, a method that forces the image to sit flush to the surface of the painting. Compose disparate objects in a coherent and seemingly effortless whole. Technical problems are so convincingly solved that the viewer feels only resolution and harmony, working feverishly to avoid discord on any level. Harmony in Red, Still Life With Goldfish. |
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Mexican Muralists |
Decorating exterior facades and thus being accessible to all, rediscovered fresco, the result was imagery rich in content, political in motivation, and indebted to historical conventions. Diego Rivera, Night of the Rich. Jose Clemente Orzco, Victims. |
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Minimalism |
A painting and sculpture movement of the 1960s based on the primacy of the art object in its purest formal condition. |
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Mondrian |
Interest in Cubism, fracturing space and asserting the picture plane relied heavily on a vertical-horizontal configuration, nature seen through God's imposed grid system. Supreme and all-inclusive order. Color, primaries within the confines of his superimposed ordering system. Become the blueprint for a more truthful experience of life through art. The Gray Tree. Composition in a square. |
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Monet |
Landscapes, riverside scenes. Late work: series on haystacks, waterlily pond, Rouen Cathedral, increasingly abstract. Bright colors, choppy brushstrokes, atmospheric quality. Late style: very misty look, indistinct forms, solid matter seems to dissolve. Impression: Sunrise, Regatta at Argenteuil. |
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Ogun |
Yoruban deity, hard god, the god of war and of iron. |
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Pedestal |
A sculpture device used to separate an object from the space and scale of the viewer; it elevates ad sanctifies the object as"other," "different," and usually "heroic." |
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Photography |
A Greek term meaning to write or describe with light, the term was first applied to a technical process in 1826 when Nicephore Niepce first placed light-sensitive silver salts onto a surface, enabling a truthful reproduction of a projected image to be made. Though the exposure time was a lengthy 8 hours. |
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Picasso |
Cubism, The Accordionist, Girl with a Mandolin, Le Demoiselles d'Avignon. Clear movement away from natural appearance and traditional conventions for the depiction of volume. |
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Pollock |
Convergence, Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist). Abstract Expressionism, gestures of paint force one's eyes to travel in and out of shadow space and across the whole area of the canvas. Drip. Splashing. Sticks and not brushes many times, poured paint out. No control. Body in motion. Active participant in the paintings rather than omniscient creator. |
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Positive-Negative space |
An element of design in which positive refers to the shapes of forms representing the subject matter, and negative to the open spaces surrounding the subject, often called the background. The term is used in both 2 and 3 dimensional art. |
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Post-impressionism |
An art movement of the late 19th and early 20th century in which artists such as Van Gogh and Gauguin rejected the nauturalism of the Impressionsts. |
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Renoir |
Female nudes, people in leisure time activities (cafes, dance halls): Late work: solid-looking female nudes, often bathing. Feathery brushstrokes, colorful scenes, blurred backgrounds. Late style, disciplined, yet jittery, brushstrokes; not as much spontaneity in composition. Luncheon of the Boating Party, Nude in the Sunlight. |
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Rivera |
Mexican Muralist, Night of the Rich, frescoes illustrating the class struggle in Mexico combines a clear, intelligible narrative detailing the excesses of the rich with an idiosyncratic depiction of volume that derived from an investigation of pre-Columbian figures. |
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Rodin |
Sculptor, anatomical accuracy, paralleled Impressionist interest in developing a relationship between the materials one used and the image one hoped to capture. Cast bronze sensitivity replicates all the imprints and the wrestlings with the original clay and plaster surfaces, the dialogue between the artist's creative activity and the seriousness of the subject matter psychological penetration. No pedestal. Crudeness of execution. Monument to Balzac, The Burghers of Calais. |
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Rothko |
Emotional, untitled works, flooded fields of resonant color bleeding to the extremities of the surface's edge, suggesting everything from landscape to the dream state. The relationship between colors, fluctuating between harmony and discord, gives these works and undeniable moodiness and solemn quality often associated with great religious art. |
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Santos |
The Spanish for "saints," the term refers to the devotional images produced for households in the converted regions of Mexico and New Mexico from around 1540 onwards. |
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Suprematism |
A one-man school founded by Russian Kazimir Malevich, it prized artistic autonomy and geometric purity as gateways to the metaphysical experience. |
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Surrealism |
A literary and visual art movement interested in unleashing and exploring the potential of the human psyche. Loosely based on both Freud's and Jung's investigation into the mind. |
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Symbolist |
A literary and artistic movement c.1885-1910 characterized by a reaction against realism and the use of evocative but often private symbols. |
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Tanner |
Integration of then current pictorial strategies--emphasis on mark making, strong outline, paint application into the work of a black American painter. Banjo Lesson |
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Transcendentalist |
A group of American landscape painters who considered the painting of nature as a meditation on the absolute. There was an implicit degree of nationalism inherent in both the rhetoric and the criticism of the movement. |
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Van Gogh |
Landscapes, still lives (sunflowers), interiors, portraits, self-portraits. Dynamic, agitated, swirling brushstrokes. Bright, sometimes arbitrary color; used color to express certain moods or feelings. Night Cafe, Self-Portrait, Grove of Cypresses, Bedroom. |
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Wright |
Architect--Robie House, Fallingwater, context-sensitive residential designs.
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