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149 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Main Hall or Hall of the Bulls, Lascaux cave.
Prehistoric (Paleolithic or Old Stone Age). |
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Stonehenge, England.
Prehistoric (Neolithic or New Stone Age). Post and lintel. |
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Venus of Willendorf.
Prehistoric (Paleolithic or Old Stone Age). Female fertility figurine. |
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Palette of King Narmer.
Egyptian. Palette, hieroglyphs. |
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IMHOTEP.
Step Pyramid of King Zoser, Saqqara. Egyptian. |
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Great Pyramids, Giza.
Egyptian. |
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The Great Sphinx, Giza.
Egyptian. |
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Temple of Ramsses II, Abu Simbel.
Egyptian. |
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Ziggurat, Ur.
Sumerian. |
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Stele of Hammurabi.
Babylonian. Cuneiform. |
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Dying Lioness.
Assyrian. |
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EXEKIAS.
The Suicide of Ajax. Archaic. Greek. Black-figure style. |
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MAKRON.
Paris Abducting Helen. Archaic. Greek. Red-figure style. |
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Kouros (New York Kouros).
Archaic. Greek. Closed-form sculpture, kouros. |
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Anavysos Kouros.
Archaic. Greek. Archaic smile. |
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Peplos Kore.
Archaic. Greek. Peplos, kore. |
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ICTINUS and CALLICRATES.
The Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens. Classical. Greek. Doric order, pediment. |
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The Kritios Boy.
Classical. Greek. Contrapposto. |
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POLYCLITUS.
Doryphorus (The Spear-Bearer). Classical. Greek. Idealized. |
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LYSIPPUS.
Apoxyomenos (The Scraper). Classical. Greek. Open-form sculpture. |
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Dying Gaul.
Hellenistic. Greek. Naturalistic. |
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Laocoon and His Two Sons.
Hellenistic. Greek. |
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The Flavian Amphitheater, or Colosseum, Rome.
Roman. Concrete, true arches, engaged columns. |
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The Pantheon, Rome.
Roman. Corinthian order. |
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The Pantheon (interior), Rome.
Roman. Dome, drum, oculus. |
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A Patrician Holding Portrait Heads of His Ancestors.
Roman. |
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Arch of Titus.
Roman. Triumphal arch. |
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Menorah Procession, detail from the Arch of Titus.
Roman. |
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West wall with Torah niche, Dura Europos.
Judaism. |
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Christ as the Good Shepherd.
Early Christian. Christianity. Catacomb. |
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Good Shepherd.
Early Christian. Christianity. |
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Floor plan of Old St. Peter's, Rome.
Early Christian. Christianity. Basilica-plan church, nave, aisles, apse, transept. |
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ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES and ISIDORE OF MILETUS.
Hagia Sophia (exterior), Istanbul (formerly Constantinople). Byzantine. Christianity. |
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ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES and ISIDORE OF MILETUS.
Hagia Sophia (interior), Istanbul (formerly Constantinople). Byzantine. Christianity. Pendentives. |
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ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES and ISIDORE OF MILETUS.
Hagia Sophia (plan), Istanbul (formerly Constantinople). Byzantine. Christianity. Central-plan church. |
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St. Sernin (exterior), Toulouse, France.
Romanesque. Christianity. Buttresses. |
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St. Sernin (interior), Toulouse, France.
Romanesque. Christianity. Barrel vault, rounded arches. |
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Notre Dame (exterior), Paris, showing flying buttresses.
Gothic. Christianity. |
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Chartres Cathedral (interior), nave.
Gothic. Christianity. Pointed arches. |
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Great Mosque and Minaret, Samarra, Iraq.
Islam. Mosque, minaret, qibla. |
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Great Mosque and Minaret (plan), Samarra, Iraq.
Islam. Mosque, minaret, qibla. |
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Shiva Nataraja.
Hinduism. |
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Great Stupa, Sanchi, India.
Buddhism. Stupa. |
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Seated Buddha.
Buddhism. |
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ELVIS.
King of Rock 'N Roll. |
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Female Fertility Figurine
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Prehistoric figures of females, small land portable
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Neothicical Revolution
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The domestication of plants & animals
-learned how to farm & ranch -very first cities/settlements found in New Stoneage |
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Post and Lintel
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Building technique consists of two upright posts and a horizontal lintel across the top. Used to build Stonehenge.
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KA
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Egyptian soul
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Upper Egypt
Located in South Egypt; beginning of the Nile River |
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Lower Egypt
Located North of the Nile River |
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Palette
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a surface in which makeup is mixed; Eygptian
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Narmer
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May have been the one to unite Upper and Lower Egypt (this event is shown on The Palette of Narmer), was from Lower Egypt
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Egyptian Three Stylistic Rules
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- most important figure is shown the largest
- figures stand on a ground line - figures shown in multiple view points (front & side) |
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Hieroglyphs
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The Egyptian picture writing system, one-to-one meaning
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Horus
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The Falcon God; every pharaoh is the current living form of Horus
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Mastaba
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Early Egyptian burial structures build of mud brick; burial chamber underground
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Saqqara
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Burial location for Egyptians
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Sphinx
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A guardian figure; human head with lion's body
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Dream Steele
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Located in between the legs of The Great Sphinx
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Ramesses the Great
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Greatest builder in Egypt's history
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Howard Carter
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British archeologist who discovered King Tut's tomb in 1922 in the Valley Of Kings; located in Upper Egypt
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Sumerian
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Earliest culture in Mesopotamia
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Mesopotamia
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Land between two rivers; Modern day Iraq
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Ziggurat
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Mountain of brick with a temple on top
- place of worship - solid structure |
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Babylonian
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Second civilization in Mesopotamia
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Steele
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An upright stone marker; set in public places, meant to be seen by people
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Cuneiform
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Mesopotamian writing system; wedge like
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Assyrian
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Third culture in Mesopotamia; very militaristic
Two subjects in art: - battle scenes - lion hunting scenes |
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Development of Style
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Greek art changes over the years; begins very abstract and moves to very realistic
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Black-figure style
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First vase painting style in the Archaic period;
- figures shown in black - background is the natural red of the clay - carve away to create detail |
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Red-figure Style
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Second vase painting style in Archaic Period.
- figures are the natural red of the clay - background painted black - detail is added by painting |
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Kouros
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Class of sculptures; means youth. ALWAYS male, nude, freestanding, marble. Found in cemeteries and temples
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Closed-form Sculpture
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One that is very compact, retains the blockiness from which he came from
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Archaic Style
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Refers to the grin on sculptures from the Archaic Period. May have been included to bring more life to the stiffness of the kouros body.
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Kore
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Class of female sculptures; ALWAYS female, clothed, freestanding, marble, pale flesh. Painted with colorful garments. Found in temples ONLY.
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Peplos
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the dress Kores wear
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Order
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An architectural style
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Doric Order
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1st order the Greeks invented. Is characterized by a PLAIN capital; male type of architecture.
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Capital
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The top of a column
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Ionic Order
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2nd architectural style created; DOUBLE-SCROLL or VOLUTE
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Corinthian Order
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3rd style created; CARVED LEAVES in the top of the capital
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Acropolis, Athens
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High point of the city
Acro=high Polis=city |
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Cella
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The main room in a temple
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Nike
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Greek term for victory - woman with wings
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Pediment
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Triangular architectural space
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Contrapposto
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Weight shift visible in a figure (sculptures); "weight leg"- holds most of the weight; other leg is the "engaged/free leg"
(THE KRITOS BOY) |
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Polyclitus
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Sculpture of original 440 BC Greek bronze sculpture Doryphorus
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Idealized
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A figure who is shown perfected and without flaws (Greek Art)
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Naturalistic
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One who is shown very normal and everyday (DYING GAUL)
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Wet drapery
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Drapery or clothing that looks wet; clings tightly to the body of women sculptures; emphasizes the body form. (THREE GODDESSES)
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Open-form Sculpture
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Negative space or openings within or around the sculpture.
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Triangular Composition
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Figures can fit into a triangle
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True Arch
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Semi-circular shape to it
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Voussoirs
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Wedge shape blocks that make up an arch
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Key Stone
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Top block in an arch
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Barrel Vault
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Vault is a ceiling - curved ceiling; series of true arches stacked like dominos
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Groin Vault
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Intersection of two barrel vaults
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Engaged columns
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Columns that are attached to the wall, do not provide any structural support
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Dome
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Made of concrete; hemispherical top to a building thicker at the base than at the top (THE PANTHEON)
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Oculus
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Round opening (THE PANTHEON'S DOME)
Three Uses: - Light source - Allows smoke from sacrifices to leave temple - Lightens the weight of the dome |
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Drum
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Cylindrical area that supports the dome; dome sits on top of the drum
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Basilica
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Roman multipurpose building; entrances on the long side
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Nave
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Long central area in a Basilica
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Aisles
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Walk ways in a Basilica
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Apses
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Semi-circular ends of a Basilica; typically at shorter ends of the building
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Triumphal Arch
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An arch that commemorates a victory
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Catacomb
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Underground burial & worship area
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Basilica-plan Church
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Church with a long nave down the center
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Early Christian Church:
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Nave: where people sit
Aisles: from entrance to alter Apse: one apse behind alter Transept: short crossing arm of a church |
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Transept
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Short crossing arm of a church; creating a cross shape
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Central-plan Church
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Very compact church; no long nave. Dome
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Pendentives
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Triangular areas that support a dome; allows for more windows
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Romanesque
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Rome-like; year 1,000; southern France
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Buttress
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Vertical element that supports a wall and vault; attached to the wall.
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Barrel Vault
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Adopted instead of using wooden ceilings as before; Lasts longer and sounds better acoustically
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Four Christian Periods:
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- Early Christian
- Byzantine - Romanesque - Gothic |
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Abbot Suger
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Conceived the new Gothic style at St. Denis church; believed that light flooding through stained glass windows became DEVINE LIGHT
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Elements of Gothic Churches:
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- Large stain glass windows
- Height (very tall) - Delicate appearance - Pointed arches - Flying Buttresses |
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Pointed Arches
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Help emphasize vertical look; disperses weight better
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Notre Dame
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"Our Lady" - virgin Mary. Many churches dedicated to her
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Flying Buttress
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Detached from the wall and allows for more light; still supports wall
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Allah
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The God worshiped in the Islam faith
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Mohammed
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The profit in the Islam faith
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Mecca
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Very important holy sight; focal point of Islamic architecture
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Mosque
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Islamic place of worship; early mosques were places of prayer
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Elements of Islamic Mosque:
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- Quibla
- Minaret |
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Qibla
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Wall facing Mecca
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Minaret
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Tower from which people are called to prayer; located in the front of the Mosque
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Hinduism
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Primary religion of India; many God faith
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Shiva
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Powerful God that represents balance of the universe
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Icon
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Means "image" and shows Christian figures
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Illuminated Manuscripts
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Elaborately decorated pages from books
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Mosaic
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Image made of colored tesserae
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Shiva Nataraja
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Hindu God as "Lord of the Dance"
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Arabesque
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Vegetal or geometric designs typically found in Islamic art
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Buddha
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Indian prince Guatama; known for his enlightenment
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Krishna
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Playful Hindu God; often shown with blue skin
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Ushnisha
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Bump of Buddha's head that suggests his supreme wisdom
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Stupa
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Buddhist mound that marks a holy site; vary in size
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Exekias
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Painter of "The Suicide of Ajax"
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Makron
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Painter of "Paris Abducting Helen"
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Ictinus & Callicrates
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Architects of the Parthenon
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Lysippus
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Artist of "Apoxymenos (The Scraper)"
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Mycernius and His Queen, Giza.
Egyptian. High relief statue. |
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Ramesses II Holding Nubian, Libyan and Syrian Prisoners
Egyptian. |
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Throne of King Tutankhamen, Valley of the Kings.
Egyptian. |
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Funerary Mask of King Tut, Valley of the Kings.
Egyptian. |
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Three Goddesses, East pediment of Parthenon.
Classical. Greek. Wet drapery. |
