Arrhythmia

Front 1

impulse abnormalities

Back 1

1-irregular sinus rhythms

2- ectopic rhythms

Front 2

irregular sinus rhythms

Back 2

1-sinus tackycardia

2-sinus bradycardia

3- respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Front 3

sinus tachycardia

Back 3

normal impulses with fast pace

due to:sympathytic stimulation, hyperthyroidism, emotion, feve, exercise

Front 4

sinus bradycardia

Back 4

normal impulses but slow pace

due to:hypothyroidism, beta blockers, digitalis,

vegal tone

Front 5

respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Back 5

inhalation increases HR

pr interval: 0.12 sec

exhalation: decreases HR

pr interval: 0.2 sec

Front 6

ectopic rhythms

Back 6

1-atrial extra systole

2- ventricular extrasystole

3- atrial flatter

4- atrial fibrillation

Front 7

atrial extra systole

Back 7

premature atrial beat

ectopic foci on the atrium which acts as a pace maker for one beat

Front 8

atrial extrasystole ecg

Back 8

1-p wave maybe inverted or different

2- followed by qrs

Front 9

ventricular extrasystole and causes

Back 9

it is an ectopic focus in the ventricle, which stimulates the vent prematurely

due to: smoking, emotions, caffeine

Front 10

ventricular extrasystole ecg

Back 10

1-qrs is not preceded by p wave

2- qrs has weird shape

3- qrs is is inverted

4- qrs has a high voltage

5- qrs is followe by a compensatory pause

Front 11

atrial flatter

Back 11

the atrial rate is 250-300 beats/min

cause: single ectopic foci in the atrium that discharge in regular rhythm

Front 12

atrial flatter ecg

Back 12

1- not every p wave is followed by qrs

2- ecg baseline has saw tooth appearance

3- qrs normal shape with normal intervals

Front 13

atrial fibrillation

Back 13

1- the atrial rate is 400-600

2- cause: multiple focuses in the atrium which discharge rapidly but irregularly

Front 14

atrial fibrillation ecg

Back 14

1- p wave is absent

2- it is replaced by f wave

3- qrs normal with irregular intervals

Front 15

SA nodal block

Back 15

there is normal formation of impulses inside the node but no conduction to atria

one beat/dropped beat: if more than one beat causes asystole --------> fainting

Front 16

heart block

Back 16

1st degree

2nd degree

3rd degree

Front 17

1st degree heart block

Back 17

all atrial impulses reach ventricle but is retarded in av node

this will cause the pr interval to be more than 0.2 seconds

Front 18

2nd degree heart block

Back 18

2 type: mobitz type 1

mobitz type 2

Front 19

mobitz type 1and what is it also called

Back 19

venckback phenomena

pr intervals are extended to the point that no conduction will occur e.g.. drop beat

the next pr interval will be normal

Front 20

mobitz type 2

Back 20

some (not all) atrial impulses will reach the ventricle

not all p waves will be followed by qrs

Front 21

3rd degree and what is it also called

Back 21

complete heart block stock adam syndrome

no impulses would be conducted from atrium to ventricle so the ventricle would undergo idioventicular rhythms of 20-40 beats/min

Front 22

bundle branch block

Back 22

if one of the bundles is not working for ex. the right bundle is not working so depolarization won't occur together, rather depolarization will occur from left to right.

Front 23

ecg of bundle branch block

Back 23

widened qrs wave

Front 24

wolf parkinson white

Back 24

the conduction from atria to vent. would be really fast there will be no delay by the av node

Front 25

name of bundle in this syndrome

Back 25

kent bundle

Front 26

ecg in wolf parkinson white syndrome

Back 26

pr interval is short (0.8) because the pr segment is very short